Unit 8 Assignments

Unit 8 Assignment

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Unit 8 – Assignments

Assignment 1

What is a medical system? Provide some examples of the services such systems deliver.

A medical system is an organization comprising institutions and people including resources used to deliver healthcare services. The primary objective of medical system is to ensure health demands of a community are achieved. The development of the medical system in any country depends primarily on the availability of the resources and health needs of the specific country.

A suitable example of medical system is the cute care. It is an example of a medical system services provided by various health care facilities. The primary aim of the service is to improve the services offered to emergency health demands and to facilitate preventative, rehabilitative and curative mechanisms (Campanelli, 2012). Another example of a medical system is the whole medical system which existed way back before the western modernization.

Assignment 2

What was the impact of the role the prospective payment system plan on the downsizing of the U.S. hospitals?

Prospective payment system is a technique is policy including reimbursement and the Medicare payment system focuses on the predetermined and fixed amounts. The amount of payment is developed depending on the classification system. It facilitates the long term development of the health care systems and improves the skills f the various nurses.

Assignment 3

PPS reimbursement and managed care were the primary forces that pressured hospitals to discharge hospitalized patients as quickly as possible, but which factors enabled quicker discharges to materialize without jeopardizing patient safety?

PPS reimbursement in the managed care is primarily used to motivate the health care service providers. It aims to deliver patient care services effectively to the respective patients. It helps the management of the healthcare facilities to create patterns of diagnosis and treatment within the healthcare facility. Different factors facilitate quicker discharge of patients. The prepayment amount that only covers specific duration of time is used as a means of facilitating quicker recovery. Unique assessment methods also help facilitate quicker discharge of the patients (Campanelli, 2012).

Assignment 4

Explain the two main principles of ethics that were discussed in the chapter. Explain the composition and significance of an Ethics committee. Can you list three examples of issues that may be brought to an Ethics Committee?

Health care ethics involves the principle, values and codes of conduct expected within the health care facilities from both the health care employees and the patients. The following are the principles ethics in health care facilities:

Autonomy.

The principle helps to respect and honor the right of the patients and to give the patients the freedom to make decisions.

Beneficiary:

Enable the patients to develop their own interest related health service distribution.

Non maleficence.

Help the patients and the nurses ensure danger free environment.

Justice.

Ensures there is enough fairness in service delivery within the health care facilities.

Assignment 5

Please read the New York Times article “Hospital Chain Said to Scheme to Inflate Bills” by Julie Creswell and Reed Abelson, January 23, 2014.

According to the article from the New York Times the management of some hospitals is increasing growing corporate due to the eager to make many profits. The emergence of a large number of physicians employed in the hospitals and other organizations. The rate of patients, especially the old visiting the health care facilities have also increased. The large chain of patients at the hospitals increased the demand of the hospitals and thus inflated the bills as stipulated by Julie Creswell and Reed Abelson in the New York Times.

https://www.google.com/search?q=Please+read+the+New+York+Times+article+“Hospital+Chain+Said+to+Scheme+to+Inflate+Bills”+by+Julie+Cresswell+and+Reed+Abelson%2C+January+23%

Assignment 6

Please read the New York Times article “What Are a Hospital’s Costs? Utah System is Trying to earn” by Gina Kolata, September 7, 2015. The article primarily talks about the good and services provided by hospitals.

According to the article most hospitals only concentrate on what they are given by the insurance companies but not give little attention to the costs of the hospitals (Unroe, Maurer, Miller, Hickman & Sachs, 2015).

Hospitals should, therefore, be in a position to calculate the financial cost of the equipments used in hospitals such as drugs, machines and constructions. The article also advises the management of the hospitals to calculate the cost per minute in the operation rooms in the health care facilities.

https://www.google.com/search?q=Please+read+the+New+York+Times+article+“What+Are+a+Hospital’s+Costs%3F+Utah+Sytem+is+Trying+to+Learn”+by+Gina+Kolata%2C+September+7%2C+2015.&oq=Please+read+the+New+Y

Assignment 7 – Terminology

Academic Medical Center

Academic medical center is an institution where medical center concerned with the provision of health care courses. It is one of the leading hospitals in Netherlands. It offers medical courses such as Neurosurgery, cardiothoracic surgery and pediatric oncology.

Advanced directives

Advanced directives comprise of the legal documents that allow an individual to determine and categorize their end of life heath care ahead of time. It enables the individual to share the wishes with close friends and health care professionals.

Average daily census

Average daily census indicates the impatient receiving care services on a daily basis. It however excludes the new born babies.

Beneficence

Beneficence is a technique used in research ethics to stipulate participant’s welfare as the primary goal of the research.

Capacity

Capacity is the ability of the health care facilities to adequately provide health care facilities.

Census

Census is the total number of patients admitted in a health care facility on a daily basis and specifically by midnight.

Certification

Certification is the process of ensuring the health care service provision is done by experts and individuals with the required knowledge. It ensures the health care facilities are regulated to ensure professionalism.

Community Hospital

Community hospital is a health care hospital located in the local community and with a primary goal of improving the health care service provision in the local community.

Conditions of participation

Conditions of participation refer to the requirements the health care facilities must fulfill in order to effectively participate in the programs involving Medicare and Medicaid (Unroe, Maurer, Miller, Hickman & Sachs, 2015).

Critical access hospital

Critical Access Hospitals refer to the designation awarded to the various rural hospitals providing Medicaid and Medicare services

Deemed Status

Deemed status comprise of the health care organizations that participate and receive payment from Medicaid and Medicare services and comply with the conditions of participation set by the federal government.

Informed consent

This is the permission or directives given by a particular patient to his or her doctor with full knowledge or awareness of its consequences.

Licensure

Is a restricted practice in the health care facilities that involve the use of a restricted license?

Magnet hospital

Is a hospital satisfies the procedure set by the American nurses association and is mobile and attractive to patients due to the nature of services provided.

Non-malfeasance

Is the action of a doctor to avoid any act of treatment as stipulated by the ethical conducts of the hospitals and that is harmful to the patient.

Proprietary hospitals

Is a hospital owned by a corporation and investment group and is profit oriented.

Public hospital

Is a hospital funded, controlled and monitored by the central government of country. Rural hospital

Is a hospital located in a rural area and aims to improve the health care service delivery in the rural area?

Teaching hospital

Is a hospital with a primary mandate of improving the skills of the nurses and also offer health care courses and research activities.Voluntary hospitals

Is a hospital that is funded by voluntary groups and managed by voluntary group of experts?

References

Unroe, K. T., Nazir, A., Holtz, L. R., Maurer, H., Miller, E., Hickman, S. E., … & Sachs, G. A. (2015). The optimizing patient transfers, impacting medical quality, and improving symptoms: Transforming institutional care approach: Preliminary data from the Implementation of a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Nursing Facility Demonstration Project.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(1), 165-169.

Campanelli, C. M. (2012). American Geriatrics Society updated beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: the American Geriatrics Society 2012 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(4), 616.