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4g and Beyond Convergence of Networks, Devices and Services
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4g and Beyond: Convergence of Networks, Devices and Services
Technology experts have been innovating different ways that people can use to communicate with one another from a distance without using face-to-face communication. The high need for sharing information through communication has led into different developments in the telecom sector from primitive modes of communication to the modern advancements. Ability to have free and instant access to information characterizes the present age of telecom, also referred to as the digital era. The innovation of 4G network provides end users with the ability to communicate and share information effectively through the internet. 4G refers to the fourth-generation mobile communication standard and experts go beyond to innovating fifth, sixth, and many other generation standards. Presence of 4G and beyond mobile telecommunication standards plays a role in promoting convergence of networks, services and devices in the industry. The presence of these application services, which easier to use through many mobile devices and their ability to ensure convergence and interworking between different domains ensures the success of next-generation telecom needs (Lee, Modarressi & Mohan 16).
The 4G networking system offers more than half a million mobile applications that utilize huge quantities of date, and the number will keep on increasing as experts make more advancements in the coming years. In addition, it works on all broadband networks making it more efficient for most mobile applications. The main issue with the present mobile network is its inability to handle the high number of traffic created by users from all corners of the world. User experience promotes convergence networks through connections on the internet recorded on daily basis and the number of data sent from one user to another. On the other hand, the introduction of wireless networks such as the Wi-Fi promotes user experience and allows more interaction between users that provides a tremendous boost in the telecom industry (Rysavy 5-6).
4G plays a role in generating a boom in the mobile communications through offering a means of spreading the internet to new places with the assistance of service providers such as mobile companies. Service providers’ financial benefits also help in the convergence of networks, services and devices in the telecom industry. The next-generations services provide third parties such as end users with the capability of enjoying financial gains through charges on mobile networks and data bundles used on the internet surfing. Service providers provide API addresses used by internet users in connecting to different sites, hence promoting convergence of networks. In addition, the API addresses provided by service providers allow users of mobile and other network applications communicate effectively with others through efficient access to the internet through fast and reliable 4G networks.
The 4G network provides service providers with an opportunity to enter new markets and offer services to a bigger group leading to increasing in revenues. The telecom sector benefits from these services by getting a share of revenues since it manages these networks. Financial benefits from service providers promote the work of the telecom industry because they manage to introduce other advancements in terms of more innovative networks. In addition, service providers offer fixed-mobile convergence that ensures users from different locations communicate effectively using both cellular systems and Wi-Fi (Rysavy 10).
Finally, bundle services offer convergence of networks in the telecom a great advantage because people purchase bundles on a daily basis for internet use. Service providers provide data bundles to mobile and other internet-application users at varying prices depending on the type of network provider and the number of bundles purchased. Availability of bundles offers users with a more conducive environment for browsing. 4G network saves users the amount of data consumed per minute because it is a high-speed network compared to 2G and 3G.
Works Cited
Lee, Anne, Y., Modarressi, Abdi & Mohan, Seshadri. Convergence of application service in
Next-Generation networks. IEEECommunication Magazine. March 2012
Rysavy, Peter. Convergence of 3G/4g and Wi-Fi. Information Week Reports, October 2011.
Improvements in society and in the psychological profession regarding women and minorities
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Improvements in society and in the psychological profession regarding women and minorities
So far, there has been some improvement in society in the psychological profession regarding women and minorities. However, there are still some sectors where opportunities are still limited. Nowadays, women are better off but still far from being equal to men. Things have certainly improved for women, but the faces remain obstinately male at the top of both government and industry. There has been an enormous change for women in the psychological profession in the past decades, with women moving into paid employment outside their households in ways that their grandmothers and even their mothers could only dream of. With these changes, societies changed typically, whereas social institutions faced change too. The modern women and minority’s movement has been bolstered following notable media coverage of gender-based discrimination and disparity of women and the minority and has reached a greater and more globally diverse audience, in part due to the mobilization of girls and women via social media.
Empowerment of women and equality between women and men are prerequisites for achieving political, social, economic, cultural, and environmental security among all peoples. We have still not made all the changes necessary in this 21st century. Anthropological and epidemiologic data point to different clusters and patterns of psychological distress and psychiatric disorders among women than among men. The roots of a lot of the suffering and pain, especially to women, can be drawn to the social circumstances of several women’s lives. Exhaustion, anger, hopelessness, depression, and fear grow out of domestic and civil violence, overwork, hunger, entrapment, and economic dependence among women and the minority.
In assessing family health patterns, The Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns Assessment proves to be a vital tool
Family Health Assessment
In assessing family health patterns, The Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns Assessment proves to be a vital tool because of its ability to enhance caregiver’s understanding of the overall health of the family (Carole, et al, p. 53). In this paper, the focus will be only Thompson’s family consisting of a father age 42, mother age 36, and two teenage daughters (16 and 14 years respectively). The findings of this assessment relates to three of the open-ended questions with reference to the diverse patterns of the assessment tool.
According to the findings, the current health status of the family is not that bad. Their 16-year old child suffers from chest problem managed by adherence to specific regimen from the health provider. One of the health values promoted in the family from childhood is the need to seek medical check-up on a monthly basis unless in cases of emergency. In order to improve their health, every member of the family pays maximum attention on what they consume, engage in daily exercise activities, and adheres to the routine checkups at the family’s health provider (Keeling & Catherine, p. 27).
As a mechanism towards enhancing the family health, the family notes that their daily diet must incorporate carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and vitamins. For instance, on a meal occasion, the family might feed on cereals, milk, and fruits in the course of the day with the aim of improving their health conditions. The assessment also revealed that the family members focus on avoiding too much fat and cholesterol in their meal compositions. In addition, they tend to feed on fruits and salad. According to the father, body weight is a critical issue and every member of the family must monitor his or her weight after every two weeks. This led to a consistent body weight among the family members in the course of last year.
According to the assessment, the family value sleep or rest. Every member of the family goes to bed by nine to ensure that they have approximately 8 hours of rest after every dreadful encounter during the day. The family notes that there are rare cases in which one would not be able to sleep. In such cases, they just lie on bed and let the toll takes its course with exception to illness or health problem requiring medical attention during the night. Prior to bed, the family converges in the leaving as a show of togetherness and prays before departing to their sleeping rooms.
Every member of the family has diverse elimination patterns. For instance, the head of the house (father) has a regular pattern of elimination, which tends to occur very early in the morning before going to work. Other members have irregular elimination patterns. In addition, the family tends to add more fiber to its diet through consumption of fruits and vegetables with the aim of dealing with constipation. In most cases, the family drinks plenty of water and other natural fluids. This is to prevent dehydration and aspects of constipation.
The family a weekly pattern of exercise or activity in attempts to enhance health conditions of the members. This is through engaging in weekly road trips covering about four kilometers. In addition, the girls engage in netball team sports in their respective school to keep fit. As a family, the members participate in family tag-games on a weekly basis playing handball and basketball games. The father has a degree in business administration while the mother has a degree in psychology. The girls are pursuing their high school education. They complain about having some difficulties in handling mathematic problems. In the last week, the 16-year old did vectors concept while the 14-year old could not recall what she did in the course of last week.
Every member of the family has different leisure activity. For instance, the girls prefer to spend their leisure time visiting friend rather than being with the family. On the other hand, their parents spend their leisure time at various joints for dinners. There is no any sensory deficit within the family aided by the quality nutrition for the family. The family views each other as a close friend. They feel like they are there for each other in the time or moment of need. Emotions and moods might vary, but in the end, they feel like one family joined by love and respect for each other. Each family member seeks to portray quality image of the family thus mirroring the perception of the family and each other within the society.
The most important relations within the family include how they feel about each other and how they treat one another. This defines respectful relationship among each family member. According to the girls, their role model is their mother. On the other hand, family role models include Hillary Clinton and Martin Luther. According to the family, there is no problem in relation to reproductive system. The parents are satisfied with the sexuality of the family. Each parent had an objective of having three children. This indicates that they are still in the process of searching for the third child. In order to cope with problems, the family adopts a transparent approach in discussing the issue on a family platform. These mechanisms are effective towards the achievement of the goals and objectives. Finally, no member in the family member has ever suffered from emotional distress.
In relation to these findings, I would recommend two critical wellness nursing diagnoses. These include health-seeking behaviors and effective therapeutic regimen management (James et al, p. 1521). These approaches will ensure that the family maintains its health conditions as well as improve and monitor the condition of the sick child suffering from chest pain.
Open-ended Questions
Values/Health Perception
How would you describe your current health?
What health values are important from your childhood?
What family mechanisms do you engage in to improve your health?
Nutrition
Can you describe the composition of family’s daily diet?
What kinds of foods do you like or avoid and why?
Are in a position to describe your weight patter in the course of the last year?
Sleep/Rest
What are your sleep habits?
In case you cannot sleep, what do you?
What steps do you take in your preparation to bed?
Elimination
What can you tell me about your elimination patterns?
In this family, what do you do in case of constipation?
What fluids do you drink daily?
Activity/Exercise
How do you describe your weekly pattern in relation to activity and exercise?
What kind of team sports do you engage in?
What activities do you participate in as a family?
Cognitive
What level of education have you completed?
What can you tell me about school encounter? Was it easy or you had some difficulties with any subject?
What did you do in the course of last week?
Sensory-Perception
What do you do for leisure?
Would you describe your ability to exercise?
As a family, do you have any sensory deficits? Are they corrected?
Self-Perception
How do you feel about each other?
What are your emotions and moods?
Can you describe how you view yourselves and each other within the family?
Role Relationship
What relations are important to you as a family?
How would you describe family members’ relationship with each other?
Who are their role models?
Sexuality
Do you have any problem in relation to reproductive system?
Would you term your sexuality as satisfactory?
How have your plans achieved with reference to having children?
Coping
How does this family cope with problems?
Are these actions effective or ineffective?
Has any member of the family had any treatment on mental stress or emotional distress?
Works Cited
Weaver III, James B., et al. “Health Information–Seeking Behaviors, Health Indicators, and Health Risks.” American Journal of Public Health 100.8 (2010): 1520-1525.
Keeling, Joanne L., and Catherine McQuarrie. “Promoting Mental Health and Wellbeing in Practice.” Mental Health Practice 17.5 (2014): 26-28.
Nettle, Carole, et al. “Family as Client: Using Gordon’s Health Pattern Typology.” Journal Of Community Health Nursing 10.1 (1993): 53.