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Case Study On Death And Dying
The practice of health care providers at all levels brings you into contact with people from a variety of faiths. This calls for knowledge and understanding of a diversity of faith expressions; for the purpose of this course, the focus will be on the Christian worldview.
Based on “Case Study: End of Life Decisions,” the Christian worldview, and the worldview questions presented in the required topic study materials you will complete an ethical analysis of George’s situation and his decision from the perspective of the Christian worldview.
Provide a 1,500-2,000-word ethical analysis while answering the following questions:
- How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the fallenness of the world?
- How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the hope of resurrection?
- As George contemplates life with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), how would the Christian worldview inform his view about the value of his life as a person?
- What sorts of values and considerations would the Christian worldview focus on in deliberating about whether or not George should opt for euthanasia?
- Given the above, what options would be morally justified in the Christian worldview for George and why?
- Based on your worldview, what decision would you make if you were in George’s situation?
Remember to support your responses with the topic study materials.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required.
This assignment uses a rubric.You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
1. Bioethics: A Primer for Christians
Read Chapters 6 and 12 in Bioethics: A Primer for Christians.
http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/wm-b-eerdmans-publishing-co/2013/bioethics_a-primer-for-christians_ebook_3e.php
2. Called to Care: A Christian Worldview for Nursing
Read Chapters 10-12 in Called to Care: A Christian Worldview for Nursing.
3. Defining Death: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Determination of Death
Read the Introduction and Chapters 1-3 of “Defining Death: Medical, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Determination of Death” by the President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1984).
Rubric
- Analysis of how the man would interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative and the fallenness of the world is clear and demonstrates a deep understanding that is skillfully supported by topic study materials. 12%
- Analysis of how the man would interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative and the hope of resurrection is clear and demonstrates a deep understanding that is skillfully supported by topic study materials. 12%
- Analysis of how the Christian worldview of the man might inform his view about the value of his life as a person with ALS is clear and demonstrates a deep understanding that is skillfully supported by topic study materials.12%
- Evaluation of which values and considerations the Christian worldview focuses on when deliberating the option of euthanasia for the man is clear and demonstrates a deep understanding that is skillfully supported by topic study materials. 12%
- Evaluation of which options would be justified in the Christian worldview for the man is clear and demonstrates a deep understanding that is skillfully supported by topic study materials. 12%
- Reflection hypothesis of which personal choices would be make if faced with ALS based on personal worldview is clear, relevant, and insightful. 10%
- Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear. 7%
- Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative. 8%
- Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. 5%
- All format elements are correct.5%
- Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. 5%
Health Promotion
Please use the patient information provided below for this paper.
This assignment assesses intended course outcome(s)
#4 Use information found in patients’ health histories, genograms, and assessments to formulate an individualized plan of nursing care that focuses on the patient’s individual health promotion and disease prevention needs
Students will use the information found in Tina’s history, physical exam, and problem list to formulate an individualized health promotion and disease prevention plan of care. Recommendations should be evidence-based and from credible sources. The readings in module eight contains some suggested sources for obtaining health and screening recommendations for your patient.
The plan for addressing the health promotion and disease prevention needs for your patient should include:
Demographics:
– Age, gender and race of patient
– Education level (health literacy)
– Access to health care
Insurance/Financial status
– Is the patient able to afford medications and health diet, and other out-of-pocket expenses?
Screening/Risk Assessment
– Identified health concerns based on screening assessments and demographic information
Nutrition/Activity
– What is the patients activity level, is the environment where the patient lives safe for activity
– Nutrition recommendations based on age, race gender and pre-existing medical conditions
– Activity recommendations
Social Support
– Support systems, family members, community resources
Health Maintenance
– Recommended health screening based on age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions
Patient Education:
– Identified knowledge deficit areas/patient education needs (medication teaching etc).
– Self-care needs/ Activities of daily living
* The paper should be written and referenced in APA format and be no longer than 4 pages (excluding cover page and references).
Your paper will be evaluated based on the following criteria:
| Criteria | Level 3 | Level 2 | Level 1 |
| Demographics(5%) | Includes age, race and gender of patient | Missing one data item | Missing 2 or more data items |
| Insurance/Financial status(10%) | Includes information regarding patient’s insurance status and ability to afford medications and other out-of-pocket expenses | Missing some information regarding insurance status and ability to pay for medications and other out-of-pocket expenses. | Missing information regarding the patients insurance status, ability to pay of medications and other out-of-pocket expenses |
| Screening /risk assessment(10%) | Identifies health concerns based on screening assessments and demographic information. | Missing some information regarding health concerns, by excluding information from screening assessments and demographics | Health concerns are not identified due to information missing from screening assessments and demographics |
| Nutrition/activity(20%) | Completely asses patient’s nutrition and activity levels and makes recommendations based on age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions | Missing some information regarding the patients nutrition and activity levels, make recommendations based on age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions | Most of the information regarding the patient’s nutrition and activity levels are missing, recommendations are missing or not based on the patient’s age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions |
| Social support(10%) | Identifies support systems such as family members and community resources | Missing some information regarding support systems such as family members and/or community resources | Little to no information regarding social support |
| Health Maintenance(20%) | Overall health maintenance recommendations made based on age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions | Missing some recommendations, mostly based on age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions | Missing many recommendations, loosely related to age, race, gender and pre-existing medical conditions |
| Patient Education(20%) | Identified knowledge deficit areas/patient education needs including self-care needs and activities of daily living | Missing one or more areas of knowledge deficit/patient education needs including self-care and activities of daily living | Lacks identification of knowledge deficit areas/patient education needs. Does not consider self-care needs or activities of daily living. |
| Organization, spelling and grammar, APA(5%) | Organized, easy to read, no spelling or grammar mistakes, appropriate use of APA | Organized and easy to read, few spelling or grammar mistakes, few errors in APA | Disorganized, difficult to read, many spelling and grammar errors mistakes. Does not use APA |
| Overall score | Points(60-100) | Points(24-59) | Points( 0-23) |
Health History
| Student Documentation | Model Documentation |
| Identifying Data & ReliabilityTina Jones is a 28 year old African american female AOX4. Pt is reliable historian | Ms. Jones is a pleasant, 28-year-old African American single woman who presents for a pre-employment physical. She is the primary source of the history. Ms. Jones offers information freely and without contradiction. Speech is clear and coherent. She maintains eye contact throughout the interview. |
| General SurveyAlert and oriented X4. Feels tired because she was just coming from her other job. | Ms. Jones is alert and oriented, seated upright on the examination table, and is in no apparent distress. She is well-nourished, well-developed, and dressed appropriately with good hygiene. |
| Reason for VisitPresenting to shadow health hospital clinic for a complete health assessment for a pre-employment physical. | “I came in because I’m required to have a recent physical exam for the health insurance at my new job.” |
| History of Present IllnessTina Jones is a 28year old African America female with a history of diabetes and Asthma presenting to get a complete health assessment for a pre-employment physical. | Ms. Jones reports that she recently obtained employment at Smith, Stevens, Stewart, Silver & Company. She needs to obtain a pre-employment physical prior to initiating employment. Today she denies any acute concerns. Her last healthcare visit was 4 months ago, when she received her annual gynecological exam at Shadow Health General Clinic. Ms. Jones states that the gynecologist diagnosed her with polycystic ovarian syndrome and prescribed oral contraceptives at that visit, which she is tolerating well. She has type 2 diabetes, which she is controlling with diet, exercise, and metformin, which she just started 5 months ago. She has no medication side effects at this time. She states that she feels healthy, is taking better care of herself than in the past, and is looking forward to beginning the new job. |
| MedicationsMetformin 850mg twice daily Yaz birth control daily in the morning Flovent MDI twice daily proventil 90mcg/spray 2 puffs as needed for wheezing | • Fluticasone propionate, 110 mcg 2 puffs BID (last use: this morning) • Metformin, 850 mg PO BID (last use: this morning) • Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol PO QD (last use: this morning) • Albuterol 90 mcg/spray MDI 2 puffs Q4H prn (last use: three months ago) • Acetaminophen 500-1000 mg PO prn (headaches) • Ibuprofen 600 mg PO TID prn (menstrual cramps: last taken 6 weeks ago) |
| AllergiesPenicillin- Rash, hives cats- sneezing, itchy watery eyes, asthma exacebation No Known food allergies No latex allergies | • Penicillin: rash • Denies food and latex allergies • Allergic to cats and dust. When she is exposed to allergens she states that she has runny nose, itchy and swollen eyes, and increased asthma symptoms. |
| Medical HistoryAsthma- diagnosed at age 2 1/2 Diabetes Type 2 – diagnosed at 24 was on metformin but stopped due to side effects | Asthma diagnosed at age 2 1/2. She uses her albuterol inhaler when she is around cats. Her last asthma exacerbation was three months ago, which she resolved with her inhaler. She was last hospitalized for asthma in high school. Never intubated. Type 2 diabetes, diagnosed at age 24. She began metformin 5 months ago and initially had some gastrointestinal side effects which have since dissipated. She monitors her blood sugar once daily in the morning with average readings being around 90. She has a history of hypertension which normalized when she initiated diet and exercise. No surgeries. OB/GYN: Menarche, age 11. First sexual encounter at age 18, sex with men, identifies as heterosexual. Never pregnant. Last menstrual period 2 weeks ago. Diagnosed with PCOS four months ago. For the past four months (after initiating Yaz) cycles regular (every 4 weeks) with moderate bleeding lasting 5 days. Has new male relationship, sexual contact not initiated. She plans to use condoms with sexual activity. Tested negative for HIV/AIDS and STIs four months ago. |
| Health MaintenanceHas been eating healthy and trying to stay active by walking 30-40 mins two times per week and also swimming once a week | Last Pap smear 4 months ago. Last eye exam three months ago. Last dental exam five months ago. PPD (negative) ~2 years ago. Immunizations: Tetanus booster was received within the past year, influenza is not current, and human papillomavirus has not been received. She reports that she believes she is up to date on childhood vaccines and received the meningococcal vaccine for college. Safety: Has smoke detectors in the home, wears seatbelt in car, and does not ride a bike. Uses sunscreen. Guns, having belonged to her dad, are in the home, locked in parent’s room. |
| Family History-Father died 2 1/2 ears ago in a car accident. History of high blood pressure,type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol -Mother is still alive. has history of hypertension and high cholesterol. -Brother is overweight -Sister has asthma | • Mother: age 50, hypertension, elevated cholesterol • Father: deceased in car accident one year ago at age 58, hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes • Brother (Michael, 25): overweight • Sister (Britney, 14): asthma • Maternal grandmother: died at age 73 of a stroke, history of hypertension, high cholesterol • Maternal grandfather: died at age 78 of a stroke, history of hypertension, high cholesterol • Paternal grandmother: still living, age 82, hypertension • Paternal grandfather: died at age 65 of colon cancer, history of type 2 diabetes • Paternal uncle: alcoholism • Negative for mental illness, other cancers, sudden death, kidney disease, sickle cell anemia, thyroid problems |
| Social Historyshe does not have any children, has never been pregnant and has never been married. she lives with her mother and sister. currently works but is hoping to start a new jop as an accounting clerk at smith, stevens, steward silver company. drinksa alcohol ocassionally when she goes out with friends | Never married, no children. Lived independently since age 19, currently lives with mother and sister in a single family home, but will move into own apartment in one month. Will begin her new position in two weeks at Smith, Stevens, Stewart, Silver, & Company. She enjoys spending time with friends, reading, attending Bible study, volunteering in her church, and dancing. Tina is active in her church and describes a strong family and social support system. She states that family and church help her cope with stress. No tobacco. Cannabis use from age 15 to age 21. Reports no use of cocaine, methamphetamines, and heroin. Uses alcohol when “out with friends, 2-3 times per month,” reports drinking no more than 3 drinks per episode. Typical breakfast is frozen fruit smoothie with unsweetened yogurt, lunch is vegetables with brown rice or sandwich on wheat bread or low-fat pita, dinner is roasted vegetables and a protein, snack is carrot sticks or an apple. Denies coffee intake, but does consume 1-2 diet sodas per day. No recent foreign travel. No pets. Participates in mild to moderate exercise four to five times per week consisting of walking, yoga, or swimming. |
| Mental Health HistoryDenies any history of depression or suicidal thoughts. denies any problems with mood. no overall safety concerns. | Reports decreased stress and improved coping abilities have improved previous sleep difficulties. Denies current feelings of depression, anxiety, or thoughts of suicide. Alert and oriented to person, place, and time. Well-groomed, easily engages in conversation and is cooperative. Mood is pleasant. No tics or facial fasciculation. Speech is fluent, words are clear |
Assistnace With Quiz QUESTION 1 1. Which Of The Following Statements Is True About Ethical Decision Making In ? A. It Is Limited To The Type Of Major Corporate Decisions With Social Consequences. B. It Should Rely On The Personal Values And Principles
Assistnace with Quiz
QUESTION 1
1. Which of the following statements is true about ethical decision making in ?
| A. | It is limited to the type of major corporate decisions with social consequences. | |
| B. | It should rely on the personal values and principles of the individuals involved | |
| C. | It involves significant general policy issues that affect entire organizations. | |
| D. | Every employee, except workers in a process-oriented organization, will be faced with an issue that will require ethical decision making. |
4 points
QUESTION 2
1. Which of the following best describes a business stakeholder?
| A. | Anyone who affects or is affected by decisions made within a firm. | |
| B. | Anyone who has acquired significant shareholding in a firm. | |
| C. | Anyone with a controlling interest in a firm. | |
| D. | Minority shareholders in a business entity.A corporatestakeholderis a person or group who can affect or be affected by the actions of abusiness. Internalstakeholdersare groups within abusinessor people who work directly within thebusiness, such as employees, owners, and investors. |
4 points
QUESTION 3
1. The aspect ethics that examines business institutions from a social rather than an individual perspective is referred to as:
| A. | institutionalized ethical responsibility. | |
| B. | corporate cultural responsibility. | |
| C. | decision making for social responsibility. | |
| D. | institutional morality. |
4 points
QUESTION 4
1. Kathy, your best friend and , asks you to help her with a challenging ethical predicament. Which of the following would be your first step in the decision making ?
| A. | Identifying the ethical issue | |
| B. | Considering the available alternatives | |
| C. | Determining the facts of the situation | |
| D. | Making the decision1 Identify a problem or opportunity2 Step 1:Identify the decision to be made.You realize that a decision must be made. You then go through an internal process of trying to define clearly the nature of the decision you must make. |
4 points
QUESTION 5
1. Which of the following statements reflects the concept of normative myopia?
| A. | “I was so involved in our debate that I missed the red light. We need to limit our conversations in the car.” | |
| B. | “I may have exaggerated the features of the product to get this sale. You knew how important this deal was for me.” | |
| C. | “Brad met with an accident because he was drunk while driving. I hope he has learnt his lesson.” | |
| D. | “I never expected Draco to steal from me; he has been my friend for so long.” |
4 points
QUESTION 6
1. In the ethical decision-making process, once we have examined the facts and identified the ethical issues involved, we should next:
| A. | make the decision. | |
| B. | consider the available alternatives. | |
| C. | identify stakeholders. | |
| D. | monitor and learn from the outcomes. |
4 points
QUESTION 7
1. Which of the following explains the term “satisficing?”
| A. | Considering limited alternatives while making decisions. | |
| B. | Selecting the alternative that meets minimum decision criteria. | |
| C. | Following simplified decision rules. | |
| D. | Selecting the alternative simply because it is the easy way out. |
4 points
QUESTION 8
1. Ethical reasoning falls into three major categories. Identify them.
| A. | Utility, virtue, and values | |
| B. | Universal rights, values, and moral principles | |
| C. | Personal character, consequences, and principles | |
| D. | Universal rights, cultural norms, and mores |
4 points
QUESTION 9
1. The study of various character traits that can contribute to, or obstruct, a happy and meaningful human life is part of:
| A. | philosophical ethics. | |
| B. | virtue ethics. | |
| C. | deontological ethics. | |
| D. | utilitarianism. |
4 points
QUESTION 10
1. Utilitarianism has been called a(n):
| A. | consequentialist approach to ethics. | |
| B. | behavioral approach to ethics. | |
| C. | commonsensical approach to ethics. | |
| D. | intuitive approach to ethics. |
4 points
QUESTION 11
1. Which of the following traditions would support child labor because it produces better overall consequences than the available alternatives?
| A. | Virtue ethics | |
| B. | Deontological ethics | |
| C. | Utilitarianism | |
| D. | Classicism |
4 points
QUESTION 12
1. Economists that view profit maximization as a central idea to corporate social responsibility are following the:
| A. | Kantian framework of ethics. | |
| B. | utilitarian framework of ethics. | |
| C. | deontological framework of ethics. | |
| D. | virtue-based framework of ethics. |
4 points
QUESTION 13
1. Which of the following is true about corporate culture?
| A. | Corporate cultures shape the people of the organization, without getting affected by them. | |
| B. | Corporate cultures are generally static, but can be changed by voluntary action of the top managers. | |
| C. | Corporate cultures can hinder individuals in making the “right” decisions. | |
| D. | Corporate Cultures cannot hinder individuals in making the “right” decisions. |
4 points
QUESTION 14
1. Which of the following statements is true about ethical corporate cultures?
| A. | Ethical organizational culture cannot have a direct impact on the bottom line. | |
| B. | If attended to and supported, a strong ethical culture can serve as a deterrent to stakeholder damage. | |
| C. | Even if ignored, organizational culture could reinforce a perception that “anything goes,” and “any way to a better bottom line is acceptable,” building long-term sustainability. | |
| D. | The responsibility for creating and sustaining ethical corporate cultures rests on law enforcement agencies. |
4 points
QUESTION 15
1. Which of the following is true about corporate culture?
| A. | An integrity-based culture is one that reinforces a particular set of rules. | |
| B. | A compliance culture is only as strong and as precise as the rules that workers are expected to follow. | |
| C. | Values-based organizations do not include a compliance structure. | |
| D. | A values-based culture emphasizes obedience to the rules as the primary responsibility of ethics. |
4 points
QUESTION 16
1. Which of the following involves the disclosure of unethical or illegal activities to someone who is in a position to take action to prevent or punish the wrongdoing?
| A. | Gentrification | |
| B. | Redlining | |
| C. | Whistleblowing | |
| D. | Flyposting |
4 points
QUESTION 17
1. The law has created a form of business that limits the liability of individuals for the risks involved in business activities. Identify the form of business.
| A. | Corporation | |
| B. | Partnership | |
| C. | Limited partnership | |
| D. | Proprietorship |
4 points
QUESTION 18
1. Which of the following is true about the economic model of CSR?
| A. | It holds that businesses should not only pursue profits, but it should also do its part for environment sustainability. | |
| B. | It has its roots in the Kantian tradition of ethics. | |
| C. | According to this model, profit is a direct measure of how well a business firm is meeting society’s expectations. | |
| D. | It holds that social goals should be at the heart of a firm’s mission. |
4 points
QUESTION 19
1. “Just as individuals have no ethical obligation to contribute to charity or to do volunteer work in their community, business has no ethical obligations to serve wider social goods. But, just as charity is a good thing and something that we all want to encourage, business should be encouraged to contribute to society in ways that go beyond the narrow obligations of law and economics.” Identify the model of CSR that reflects this line of thought.
| A. | Integrative model | |
| B. | Stakeholder theory | |
| C. | Philanthropic model | |
| D. | Social Web model |