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“START HERE WITH A CREATIVE TOPIC FOR YOUR SPEECH”
“START HERE WITH A CREATIVE TOPIC FOR YOUR SPEECH”
Topic: What’s your topic?
Organization: Are you organizing your speech topically, chronologically, or spatially?
Specific Purpose: What do you want to achieve with your speech? (Hint: you want your audience to UNDERSTAND something).
INTRODUCTION
Attention getter: Get our attention! Use an interesting quote, statistic, story, etc.
Relevance: Why should your IMMEDIATE audience care about your topic? How does it affect them? How can they relate to your topic?
Credibility statement: Why should we listen to you? Why are you credible to speak about this particular topic?
Central idea: This is the overall idea of your speech—your MAIN topic.
Initial preview: This is your “thesis statement” that previews all 3 of your main points. The initial preview breaks your central idea down into 3 main points.
Transition to 1st main point: First, let’s talk about Point #1 (Replace “Point #1” with what your first topic will be)
Body
Point #1: Start here with a Topic Sentence
Give us some information about your first main point in multiple bullet points. You must include at least one source unique to this main point and cite in parenthesis with author last name and year (Ray, 2014).
Relate this main point to your immediate audience (again, why should they care?)
Use personal stories, examples, hypotheticals, statistics, etc… to make this part interesting.
Transition to 2nd main point: Now that we’ve talked about Point #1, now we’re going to talk about Point #2 (Replace “Point #1” and “Point #2” with what your topics are)
Point #2: Start here with a Topic Sentence
Give us some information about your second main point in multiple bullet points. You must include at least one source unique to this main point and cite in parenthesis with author last name and year (Ray, 2014).
Relate this main point to your immediate audience (again, why should they care?)
Use personal stories, examples, hypotheticals, statistics, etc… to make this part interesting.
Transition to 3rd main point: Now that we’ve discussed Point #1 and Point #2, let’s discuss Point #3 (Replace “Points #1, 2, and 3” with what your three points are – repetition is a good thing!!)
Point #3: Start here with a Topic Sentence
Give us some information about your third main point in multiple bullet points. You must include at least one source unique to this main point and cite in parenthesis with author last name and year (Ray, 2014).
Relate this main point to your immediate audience (again, why should they care?)
Use personal stories, examples, hypotheticals, statistics, etc… to make this part interesting.
Conclusion
Transition to Conclusion: “In conclusion,” “In sum,” “Overall,” etc…
Restate central idea: From your introduction; what was your overarching idea again? (DO NOT ADD ANY NEW INFO IN THE CONCLUSION – ONLY REDCAP)
Final summary: Restate your 3 main points (basically re-stating your initial preview statement)
Memorable closing: Conclude your speech on a high note; this is similar to your attention getter.
(Start References on Separate Page)
References
See APA Guidelines on pages 96-97 of your Guidebook. For further help search for “Purdue OWL APA” on Google or send me an e-mail at acc152@txstate.eduRemember to list alphabetically and to indent all EXCEPT the first line of each citation
How the quality of adult relationships is affected by Facebook a social networking site
(Name)
(Instructors’ name)
(Course)
(Date)
How the quality of adult relationships is affected by ‘Facebook’ a social networking site
Introduction
There are many places where one can choose to go to, so that they can observe things, which interest them. Communication is an essential aspect in life and without it, life cannot function well. Lately, most people have been taken over by social websites for interaction, such as twitter and facebook. Adults have not been left behind as they are using it to establish and form relationships. The latter is mostly used by adults who want to find love and those wanting to expand their businesses and careers.
The locations, which I chose, were starbucks, a friend’s house and ‘the spot’ which is hookah lounge. This are places where many people go to and as well as them being conducive for facebooking.
Day 1-Starbucks
It is on the 12th day of October, in the year 2011, that I set out to go and observe the effects that Facebook has had on the adult population. According to research, over eighty percent of American adults consume coffee and Starbucks is where they obtain their favorite brew. At around seven thirty, I set out to star bucks, which is located at the city center. It is strategically positioned and this means that many adults on their way to work have to pass by. Currently, facebook is the most popular social site in the world and it attracts even adults, who would be busy with other things. Starbucks is especially full since it is a cold morning and everyone is in dire need of coffee, which has been freshly brewed.
Upon entering starbucks, the smell of coffee is eminent and people are lined up as they wait to be served. Others are seated as they sip on their favorite brand of coffee. For the second time in a different setting, I notice that people are on Facebook. I see a familiar face and it is my friend and she has come to get coffee, before going to work. Upon seeing her Blackberry, I notice that she is on facebook. She tells me that it is through the social networks that she keeps in touch with her other friends. This is because she hardly ever finds time to see them physically. Facebook has taken over peoples’ lives and it is controlling how they communicate.
Day 1- Friends house
Later on, during the day, at two in the afternoon, I head to my friends house, in order to use her laptop for my assignment. Upon arriving, there is blaring hip-hop music and my friend greets me as she welcomes me into her study area. I notice that most of her attention is on the mobile phone that she is using. While we talk, she is constantly communicating with people and I assume that she is texting. As I sit and do my work using her laptop, she laughs out loudly and tells me about the comment made by her friend on facebook.
Yet another incident whereby, people are communicating through facebook is presented before me. She tells me that she finds it hard to call her friends as it is expensive, and she is used to the social website. From her reaction, it seems that facebook is extremely vital to her and prefers it, than having physical contact with other people. As she carries on with her duties around the house, I notice that she is constantly multitasking because her phone is always held by her. I over hear her talking to her mother who is scolding her for not being attentive and diligent in her duties. Furthermore, her mother blames it on her obsession with facebook. These observations are becoming extremely common in the two scenes, which I have visited.
Day 2- Hookah lounge ‘The spot’
The following day I go to the hookah lounge at five in the evening. This is the time when there are many people, who have just come from work and want to get a drink. The crowd here is mostly young adults and they are seated in small groups, as they talk about their daily experiences in life. The background music is soothing and this creates a conducive atmosphere for some love birds seated at the corner of the lounge.
Despite being on date, a certain couple is often interrupted as the male, keeps on checking his phone. From the gestures he is making, he seems to be irritating his date but he does not seem to notice this. After a few minutes, the female leaves, and the male does not seem bothered. Relationships are being destroyed by facebook and this issue should be addressed.
Day 2- Starbucks
I choose to go back to starbucks at seven in the evening, as this time is helpful for further observation. People who do not take alcohol and prefer a calmer environment choose to go to starbucks. I seat next to a young man who is working on his laptop. It seems that he is busy working on a project, but after a closer look, he is on facebook chatting. On a normal evening, the young man could be with his friends or family, but he chooses to sit alone and chat. I think that this is extremely unhealthy and unsocial.
I then head out to go home and cannot avoid seeing as people leave their places of work and most of them are busy with their phones. The latter range from I -phones, to Blackberries and even other brands, which are not known. There is noise coming from almost every direction, such as the hooting taxis, street vendors and the people who are catching after their work places. Constant use of mobile phones is the most unique thing taking place. It seems that the mobile phone is the most common form of communication in this generation.
Conclusion
According to what I have observed, relationships, which adults have, are becoming virtual. Mobile phones are not being used for traditional communication, but rather for the purpose of facebook communication. The number of adults who are in facebook is alarming and this might cause problems in the future. It is vital that people are made aware about the negative impacts of using facebook excessively. Relationships are being destroyed by facebook and its users do not seem to notice this. If given another chance, I would like to try this observation in another setting such as a school, hospital or an office. I think the results will be the same, because so long one has access to the internet, they cannot resist from using facebook. I would like to know if people are aware that they are obsessed with facebook, which has taken over their lives.
How the internal organizational structure and legal forms of organizing businesses influence employee motivation.
Name:
Institution:
Course:
Tutor:
Date:
Employee MotivationIntroduction
Increased globalization and the emergence of technological advancements have altered public perception with respect to the nature of the work environment. The ability of an organization to function effectively in the current world is depended on diverse factors that share intricate relations. Essentially, these factors are influenced by external as well as internal forces that characterize the environment within which the organization is located. A clear understanding of the inherent dynamics is imperative in ensuring that the functioning of the organization is cushioned against negative external forces. Employee motivation has been cited as one of the critical factors that promote the functioning of the organization. This paper reviews how the internal organizational structure and legal forms of organizing businesses influence employee motivation.
Employees are an important asset that an organization can have. Regardless of its size and ownership, any organization should seek to retain the employees in order to secure its productivity, creativity and overall competitiveness in the dynamic environment. In his review, Bruce (2002) indicates that the susceptibility to liability in a sole proprietorship business can undermine employee motivation. However, the easy control enhances communication and collaboration between employees. Although the susceptibility of the business to liabilities is reduced in partnerships, Bruce and Pepitone (1998) note that this form of business is liable to internal and personal conflicts. As such, it can be dissolved at any given time and therefore the job security of the employee is at stake here.
An organization or corporation has various advantages that boost employee motivation. To begin with, its complexity allows the employees to specialize in fields that they can maximize their output. This enhances productivity and the relative rewards that motivate them. Further, the financial security enhances job security of the employees and hence they do not have to worry about the possibility of losing their jobs. However, the main disadvantage of a corporation stems from the fact that the stakeholders pay multiple taxes. Despite the complexity and form of business, studies assert that the management needs to mainstream the employees in their organization by informing them about their history (Bruce, 2002). This is an important form of motivation that enhances productivity.
Also, the internal structure of an organization influences employee motivation in different ways. Essentially, types of organizational structure include line, committee, matrix and line-and-staff. In this regard, Weightman (2008) indicates that the line organization is ideal for small organization as opposed to complex ones. Motivation in such an organization is given a secondary preference because of the quantity and complexity of work that both managers and employees have. It leaves little room for specialization and in some instances; employees get confused about their work as they are expected to perform numerous tasks. With regard to the line and staff organization, it is indicated that the intrinsic communication and free flow of information is a motivating factor.
This gives the employees a chance to exercise their specialized skills in different departments. Because of the fact that the employees are given a chance to concentrate on tasks that they understand best, it is more likely for them to succeed in these. Success in this case boosts the confidence of the employees who may decide to take up other relative tasks to experiment on their skills. According to Bruce (2002), this experience promotes excitement and rejuvenates the employees.
With respect to a committee organization, Weightman (2008) cites that this is slow in decision making because of the intrinsic consultation between different persons. In addition, the diversified interests that need to be addressed during this process make it difficult for the committee to arrive at decisions promptly. Notably, this can have adverse effects on the committees especially in instances that require conflict resolution. Nevertheless, this form of organization has been accredited for taking the needs and concerns of the employees seriously. This motivates the employees because they feel cared for and appreciated by the organization. Furthermore, the fact that the committee plans for the business boosts employee morale as their tasks are clearly defined.
Finally, the matrix organization provides the most motivating environment and boosts creativity as well as initiative. Employees have a chance to learn diverse skills from others as well as concentrate on particular problems. The inherent initiative exposes the employees to leadership positions and hence they have a chance to grow and develop. Of great importance is the fact that it enhances their critical ability and at the same time makes them feel important (Bruce & Pepitone, 1998).
Conclusion
The implications of globalization have introduced different changes in the work environment. Unlike in the past where organizations used to emphasize on enhancing productivity, current organizations are compelled to put in to consideration intrinsic factors like employee motivation too. As it has come out from the study, this is the center stage of organizational productivity and regardless of the form of organization; it needs to be given utmost attention. Employee motivation can also be enhanced through modification of the internal organization structure of the respective entity.
References
Bruce, A. (2002). Building a High Morale Work Place. USA: McGraw Hill.
Bruce, A. & Pepitone, S. (1998). Motivating Employees. USA: MCGraw Hill.
Weightman, J. (2008). The Employer Motivation Audit. Cambridge: Strategy Publications.