Recent orders
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the FCPA of 1977 is responsible for prohibiting bribery among foreign government officer in America and prescription of practices of record keeping as well as accounting. The Act has two provisions namely Anti-bribery provisions and accounting and record-keeping provisions.
Anti-bribery provisions of the Act, illegalizes bribery to foreign government officers to retain or obtain business and any payments made must be proven to be lawful based on the recipients written laws. Stiff and severe penalties are subjected to people who fail to defend themselves based on the FCPA (Cleveland, Favo, Frecka & Owens, 2009).
FCPA accounting and record-keeping provisions affect American publicly traded firms. The provision requires that the companies device and implement a system of accounting that facilitate for a tight control and keeping of accurate records regarding the firm’s assets dispositions. Through the provision therefore, any slush funds is prohibited and accounts used are able to inhibit any form of illegal payments. The provision also prohibits payments mislabeling and expenses misrepresentation (Margaret, Clive, Ogrady & Morgan 1997).
FCPA mandate involves crackdown of bribery among foreign officers and its breach is considered a high profile offence. Non compliance to the act may result to being barred from contracts tendering in American government, huge fines and criminal conviction leading to jail term. There is therefore a need for effective control among financial firms and have a clear understanding of management structure, financial dealings as well as well as group ownerships so that they have knowledge of business partners and avoid criminals (Brodsky, et al 2008). FCPA complements legislations such as Oxley Act through a requirement for effective control systems that avoid cases of frauds. Such effective controls include customer diligence and understanding their financial transactions, staff training, independent monitoring and conduction meetings with senior managements.
References
Brodsky, D., Greenburg, N., & Kelly-Najah, N. (2008). “Recent developments in the enforcement of the US foreign corrupt practices act”. Journal of Securities Compliance, 1(3), 212-230.
Cleveland, M., Favo, C., Frecka, T., & Owens, C. (2009). “Trends in the international fight against bribery and corruption”. Journal of Business Ethics, 90, 199-244.
Margaret M. G., Clive R. G. Ogrady & Morgan O. Forrest (1997). Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Available at HYPERLINK “http://library.findlaw.com/1997/Jan/1/126234.html accessed on 23” http://library.findlaw.com/1997/Jan/1/126234.html accessed on 23 February 2012.
forecasting and Inventory management
DB replies
Name
Institution affiliation
Date
Introduction
The topic on forecasting and Inventory management is one very important in today’s world. Forecasting is necessary to enhance organizations plan for future prospects. This topic as covered by Arapovic was well done. The study about forecasting was well covered as it involved all fields of business. This research was effective as it clarifies all the important ideas that an organization wants to know. As compared to what I had researched, I think ibro did not quite focus completely on forecasting as required. Ibro’s study aimed at giving fewer details and was supposed to concentrate on all details. This study was, however, not effectively researched and was not that much helpful. The study has, however, explained facts about forecasting and its importance to business today. This clearly states that businesses should consider forecasting as a way of planning for future success. Forecasting should be taken as a measure that identifies how fit the business is to conduct and compete with the others.
Inventory management is very important to an organization. For a company to forecast about its progress, then it must ensure that it keeps proper inventory. With the invention of technology, it has become very easy for organizations to manage their inventory. Manual, technology, or both methods should be used to manage inventory. The essay clearly states and clarifies the importance of inventory. This assay as compared to what I wrote seems to lack some aspects that I explained. However, the writer clearly makes it evident that profit of a company is dependent on the inventory. Each organization should realize that inventory is all what pertains the business and proper management should be enhanced. Inventory should be used as a means of security for the company. This is well explained in the essay written by Sam. Organizations should realize that proper management of inventory means that the supply chain and value chain of the organization increases. Management of inventory should be used by organizations as a measure of attaining success and making profit.
Conclusion
The use of forecasting should be encouraged in organizations. This makes it possible for companies to have a clear outline of what to expect and how to cope with the situation. This should be a practice that organizations do regularly to view their progress. Inventory management should also be encouraged in organizations. This helps the company realize what it has that can help the organization achieve success. Proper management of inventory should be encouraged.
References
McAuliffe, B. (2011). Forecasting. Mankato, MN: Creative Education.
Bose, D. C. (2006). Inventory management. New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India.
Ebola’s Warning for Unprepared World
Ebola’s Warning for Unprepared World
Name
Institution
Executive Summary
The paper examines how unprepared the countries are in fighting the spread of Ebola disease. Following the outbreak of Ebola that claimed 729 people in Sierra Leone, concerns have been raised to provide training of medical officers at the terminal points and provision of medical facilities. From the a case study on the management of Ebola waste from infected zones, there has been the need for further training on the staff to prevent spreading of the disease to the general population. Nevertheless, grave concerns have been raised by the World Health Organization (WHO) to control air travels and the spread of the disease through electronic cigarettes.
Introduction
The world is finally starting a war against the catastrophic spreading of Ebola disease especially in West Africa. However, the clinical staffs are not well prepared to deal with the deadly Ebola virus. And as union leaders in United Kingdom have warned, fears are escalating about the dangers of the worst outbreak after the death toll rose to 729 in Sierra Leone. However, the challenge facing out stricken regions is the use of outdated equipment and strategies of fighting the disease. As the danger of an outbreak at the airports escalates due to the immigrants, there is the inadequacy of a response to the crisis. There is an alarming need for clinical officer teams at the country’s terminals to be well prepared in the timing and scope of Ebola transmission. The aim is to measure its magnitude of spreading and contain it before it gets into the general population (Gottlieb, 2014).
Approaches and Results
According to the WHO’s report, the fatality rate of Ebola diseases is 90% and in the latest outbreak, it has killed about 729 people in Sierra Leone. The immigration officers at the borders and the airports are at the forefront at fighting the diseases since they are the first point of contact with people coming off the aircrafts. They can also identify a passenger who appears to be ill. Until recently when the issue has come to an attention worldwide, there has been no health facility and containment Centre at the borders. In addition, the staffs had not been given any guidance on what to do in case of an outbreak. In a mission to combat the unprecedented attack, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released $100 million to increase resources, medical expertise, regional preparedness and co-ordination in Sierra Leone. The plan is intended to ease the strain on limited treatment facilities, in an effort to stop the killer virus from spreading to other countries (Palmer, 2011). The U.S. National Nurses United (NNU) conducted longitudinal study on the management of wastage in from Ebola patients at the medical airport emergency hospitals in more than 200 hospitals in 25 states. The findings showed that as much as the clinical officers may be prepared to fight the disease, their experience in handling patients and the waste showed that they were logistically unprepared. NNU collected data on the progressive stages of the disease and found that even after coming from the infected zones, the staffs could still show symptoms of the disease within 21 days after contact with Ebola patients. The data was collected using a random sampling technique in all the emergency centres in the United States (Harris, 2014).
Conclusion
The WHO has taken international campaigns to create assistant measures for development of therapeutic to counter the epidemic in West Africa and international countries. In addition, there have been campaigns to create awareness and training of health staffs at the airport for the preparedness of an outbreak (McMullen, Howie, Howie, & Philipsen, 2014).
Implications and Recommendations
A major grave concern has been raised by WHO that disease could be spreading by international travels and electronic cigarettes. The volatility of air travels has put the world at a vulnerable state. In order to curb the spread, the United Nations is advocating a better routine surveillance and strategic stockpiling as a countermeasure to detect viral outbreaks and biological attacks.
References
Gottlieb, S. (2014). Ebola’s warning for an unprepared America. The Wall Street Journal.
Retrieved from: http://online.wsj.com/articles/scott-gottlieb-and-tevi-troy-ebolas-warning-for-an-unprepared-america-1410910044Harris, S.A. (2014). UK Border staff are ‘unprepared’ for killer Ebola virus as death toll hits more
than 700. Express.
Retrieved: http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/493620/Ebola-threatening-UK-as-Cobra-meetsMcMullen, P.C., Howie, B.A., Howie, W.O., & Philipsen, N. (2014). Caring for the Dangerous
Patient. Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 9(9), 568-575.
Palmer, S.R. (2011). Oxford textbook of zoonoses: Biology, clinical practice, and public health
control. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.