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Female Soldiers in the Civil War, the Unsung Heroes
Female Soldiers in the Civil War, the Unsung Heroes
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Introduction
One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans1. Over the past centuries, disputes have never be alien among countries, one of the contributing factor to wars between and among countries was nationalism. This factor resulted to various European countries forming allies and some working against each other. A rathe r noticeable alliance was the triple alliance which was a constitution of Italy, Germany and what was known then as Austria-Hungary. There has been two world wars so far, the first one being triggered by the killing of Archduke Ferdinand, and the second one was the desire by the infamous Adolf Hitler under the Nazi regime to take control of Europe. Much is sensitized on the causes and the victors of the war but we forget about the brave heroes at the battlefield who were a major element to a nation’s pride. Men and women who fought side by side leaving their loved ones, to go and fight for their countries. Female soldiers in particular had a great significance, as the likes of Sarah Edmonds Seeyle, had a share of the Cumberland military and stationed at Kentucky 2. In this paper we are going to discuss the women who contributed to the victory of their states, and some of the hurdles they encountered.
The Unsung Heroes
In the event of the First World War, many opportunities and professions were available for occupation, but unfortunately these positions were far out of reach for women as they were confined in social work and also household activities, to the extent that they were valued as resources for bearing and bringing up infants who would be used in the military According to the history website, during the second War, women whose number tallied to more than 300,000 served in the military, both at home and abroad, including the Women’s Air force Service Pilots, who on March 10, 2010, were awarded the prestigious Congressional Gold Medal4. Women significance in the past two world wars cannot be ignored, as they proved that despite all odds and the stereotype that the society has on them, they could also carry a riffle and go to the battlefield to represent the colors of their flag. The involvement of women in the British military highly interested and impressed Lady Eleanor Roosevelt who was the first lady in the United States serving alongside her husband.
Loreta Janeta Velazquez was another hero who originated from Cuba, she had a rather bizarre desire of wanting to become a man and enjoy every bit of privilege enjoyed by men. As stated by Sylvia
The privileges enjoyed by men made Madame Velazquez envious as the thought of becoming a man engraved her senses. She also expresses her interest of marital experiences after putting herself in the shoes of Deborah of the Hebrews, expressing a strong state of independence, the fact that her childhood was spent thinking of the desire of being a male figure mad her run away from her school for marriage to an American soldier5.
Madame Velazquez was extremely enthusiastic with the thought of becoming one of the military personnel that when she joined the confederate army, she searched for opportunities to showcase her military expertise as she continued her service.
Some of the women that found themselves serving for their country never anticipated that they would have been in that position some time back. It’s due to passion and patriotism that they defied all odds and joined their nation’s military for service delivery. Their stories motivated women across the globe that the number of women witnessed in the military increased on every recruitment exercise held by the military.
Women air force was one of the least known contributing factor to the military. They participated in transportation of cargo, target strikes and also flying of airplanes from factories to military bases for mission and training purposes. This in turn elevated some task done by men as some of the workload was carried out by women, who indeed did a fantastic job.
While women worked in a variety of positions previously closed to them, the air force saw a bumper increase in the tallies of women6. Contrary to the previous 1 per cent work force of women that worked in the air force, the new count consisted of an impressive 65 per cent of the total work force in the air force section7. The huge number increase came forth as women had proved to the world that they could also be part of service delivery other than be excluded to only perform social chores and other menial duties. No doubt that discrimination against women in the military was coming to a cease as some of the unsung heroes had clearly brought forth a challenge in a male dominated industry. Their efforts were being felt and recognized in all corners of the world.
Much was done to promote women military involvement as stated in the history online article
Women had the recognition of approval when General George Marshall approved the introduction of women sub branch in the military. The previous women auxiliary corps was changed to women army corps which then by then had full military status. Its recruits increased to more than a hundred thousand a rather impressive percentage, as compared to when it started. Various sections of the groups accepted volunteer tasks in emergency service delivery which also influenced the involvement of the Marine corporals.
Conclusion
The women involvement in the military has been a significant factor. Much of the women involvement in the military was noted during the Second World War where there was a huge increase in number in the recruitment exercise, the military base and also the forefront during battle. Opportunities were share equally as time progressed, and even today the percentage of women serving the military is noticeable.
References
1. Bismark ,Otto Von. Quotes about word war, goodreads accesed on march/25/2014 http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/world-war-i
2.” Sarah Emma Edmonds,” Civil War Trust, March 3 2014, http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/biographies/sarah-emma-edmonds.html
3. “American Women in World War 2”, History, March 3 2014, http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/american-women-in-world-war-ii.
4. “Women in armed forces,” History, March 3 2014, http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/american-women-in-world-war-ii.
5.”madame Loreta Janet Velazquez:Heroine or Hoaxer,” Historynet, March 3 2014, http://www.historynet.com/madame-loreta-janeta-velazquez-heroine-or-hoaxer.htm
6. “Women in armed forces,” History, March 3 2014, http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/american-women-in-world-war-ii.
7.” Sarah Emma Edmonds,” Civil War Trust, March 3 2014, http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/biographies/sarah-emma-edmonds.html
8. “Women in armed forces,” History, March 3 2014, http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/american-women-in-world-war-ii.
Immunological Theory of Aging.
Immunological Theory of Aging.
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Abstract.
Aging is a dynamic problem, but the plenty of theory to describe it is not well known. With age, there are improvements in all physiological processes, including immunity. Immune responses decline with aging, leading to an increase in the prevalence of multiple chronic diseases having an inflammatory aspect. Many experiments show, but how they go about this is not fully determined, that human survival can be affected by these improvements in the immune system. We will analyze improvements in immune response due to age and test the aging immune theory’s relevance. Much human evidence supports the theory that the aging mechanism is partially explained by age-related immune deficiency. Combination with other hypotheses, including free radical theory, may increase the explanatory capacity.
Further experimental trials to confirm the immune hypothesis of aging is essential. Scientists now discover the older body’s dynamics and the various genetic, metabolic, and physiological pathways. As this awareness increases, the results can improve health, reduced handicap, greater freedom, and possibly longer lifetimes.
Immunological Theory of Aging.
F. M. Burnet introduced the first immunology hypothesis postulates in the 1950s-1960. Then R. Walford and other scientists established this theory. As people grow old, nearly all physiological roles, including those linked to the immune system, are modified. Medical researchers have shown that immune function declines with age, leading to various well-known problems for the elderly, from elevated health threats posed by mild illnesses such as cold or influenza to more chronic inflammatory disorders such as gout and some kinds of arthritis. Although data show that improvements in the immune system’s role in older people may be symptoms of aging, immune-system theory advocates reverse the relationship (Walford, 2010). These researchers claim that changes in the immune system cause common aging signs (such as chronic disease). (Fuente, 2008)
Changes in the immune system that tend to accompany age may affect the survival of a person. In addition to shielding you from viruses and bacteria, the immune system works to detect and kill cancer cells and toxins. The risk for injury to your body grows as you get older. Cells, molecules, and tissues are in the immune system. Cells and compounds such as anticorps, Interleukin, and Interferon, such as the thymus, spleen, tonsils, bone marrow, and lymphatic systems, develop, store, and convey. As you age, the amount and role of vital cells in the immune system are decreased. The class of white blood cells called lymphocytes that destroy invading bacteria and other foreign cells is of particular interest to gerontologists. While the number of T cells stays reasonably stable as you age, the proportion that proliferates and functions reduces. Besides, it takes longer in older patients than in younger people for T cells killed by cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation to replenish.
In centenarians, the relative ‘fitness’ of the immune system could provide further insight into the immune system’s survival function. If an adult immune system (and its fitness) should be a centenarian, the cause of aging can be found in most of the members of humans for the weakening of the immune system (in connection, of course, with other systems). Some literature figures show this, including some experiments on phagocytic cell functions such as phagocytosis and free processing of radical substances. At the same time, the level of pro-inflammatory IL-6 was observed to rise in the 100 years. (Walford, 2010)
While several age-related changes seen in the immune response were due to immune subpopulation changes with aging, aging-related quantitative changes in one particular immune cell class are not generally linked to its functions. Age-related variance For instance, with age, the number of NK cells increases, but cytotoxic tumors’ ability decreases. However, a higher T-memory ratio may clarify the decrease of certain immune functions concerning virgin T cells. (Fuente, 2008)Given the rapid accumulation of new immunosenescence evidence, there has been no resolution of the mystery of improvements in the various aspects of immune function at age. The basic role of an immune system in aging is not well recognized. (Effros, 2005)
The immune system appears to play a significant role in the aging rate. Good biological age and mean survival are suggested by immune cells’ functional situation, which depends on their redox status. Therefore, it will ensure improved fitness and longer service life by retaining an immune system in a comparable state to adults. So strategies such as healthy diets with the required amount of vitamins, mental and physical activity, and emotional stress will help protect our health and increase our average survival by measuring their effects on improving immune function.
Biogerontology is the gerontology subfield that deals with the mechanism of biological aging, its genetic history, and possible ways of interfering in the process. Interdisciplinary studies on the triggers, consequences, and processes of biological aging may be involved. The mechanism of aging is very diverse. (Effros, 2005) It is also well known that in all members of the same chronological age population, molecular and cellular disorders and reduced physiological efficiency are not equal to aging. This justifies the adoption of the “biological age” definition, which has a greater lifespan than the chronological age predictive value
Aging is very complex. The organism needs a finely regulated interactive (integrative) neuroendocrine-immune system for proper functioning. Also, in the absence of infections, improvements in these processes lead to unrelenting changes over time, leading to the body’s aging. It would be strange if the improvements in one mechanism, even one that influences several others, might justify the aging process on its own. If this is the case, its modulation can interrupt the aging process or slow it down.
References.
Walford, R. (2010). Immunological Theory of Aging — IVAO. IVAO. http://www.ivao.com/en/anti-aging/teorii-stareniya/immunologicheskaya-teoriya-stareniya/
Fuente, D. M. (2008, October 1). Role of the immune system in aging | Inmunología. Elsevier. https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-inmunologia-322-articulo-role-immune-system-in-aging-S0213962608700660
Effros, R. B. (2005, April 25). Roy Walford and the immunologic theory of aging. Immunity & Ageing. https://immunityageing.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-4933-2-7
Immorality Instigated by Advertisement
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Immorality Instigated by Advertisement
In the modern society, the advertisement has become the topic of every day as people, companies, as well as various business ventures, spend most of their energy advertising varied products and services as a marketing technique. Yes, it is among the best tools of marketing strategies and everyone wants to do it in a unique and attracting way. However, the big question is what effects do advertising cause to the society? Just to list a little majorly advertisement influence the people’s culture and significantly impacts psychological, physical as well as emotional of the community. It is right that advertising is essential to the hosts and beneficiaries, but one cannot ignore the adverse effects it enhances leading to degradation of the ethical behaviors in the community especially with the young generation. Many of this advertisement are made of fictions which in many instances the things seen might not be applicable in the real-life situations. In this paper, the causes and effects of engagement in sexual activities by the young girls in the society are discussed into a profound extent in consideration of advertisements and its relationship to women, sexualizing, as well as clothing.
The erogenous imagery of advertising increases young girls to mimic what they see resulting in sexual activities at early ages as well as taking adult behaviors. Every day advertisements change and are twisted in such a way that they repeal the trending fashion and designs to attract many viewers whom occasionally tend to be the young people. They are at many times attached to the social media and other internet platforms where the advertising mainly occurs. Coincidently, they are the principal target of the publishers and producers of these advertisements as they can be seduced easily regarding their ego to be in touch with the new lifestyle (Rivero, page 11). Advertisements have consistently led to the erosion of the cultural customs where people treasured purity at the young age. Looking from the magazines, television, newspapers as well as other social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and Skype, the young people are highly endangered to sexual activities which are stimulated mainly in the form of advertisement. It is ironical that people make great use of these platforms for disgusting purposes without considering the adverse effects they subject the society too.
Women to a significant extent have led to the act of young girls get engaged in erotic activities. They are supposed to be the pillars of shaping the young generation as they are aware of the flaws and faults that these tender girls make and find themselves on the unethical activity. For instance, women are part of the civilians that spend lots of hours coming up with these enticing advertisements that are gender-based. They also encourage prostitution and plays part in indulging the young girls in the unethical business. The young people, especially at puberty, will do all the things possible to attract attention and look acceptable to the community that one lives. It is in this attention that the advertisers take advantage of sexy advertising products such as arousal films, perfumes and foodstuffs as well as clothing. Considering the clothing of college girls it is right they are greatly influenced by the peer, but the advertisement also on the other side has played a part (Cox, et al. page 7). A good example regards the successful artists and other famous people who mostly are incorporated in the entertainment industry. The females wear short and arousing clothes that uncover more substantial parts of the body as well as acting sensitive videos such as pornography which is a threat to the young generation. Therefore, women in such sectors need to take great care of the society and make sure that the products are to standards that cannot negatively influence the young people.
Sexualizing is another threat to the young women in the community with adverse advertisement strategies. Many of the adverts regarding women clothe and beautification are advertised in a sexualizing manner. It makes the girls adopt the same behaviors in reality and practice them they get to the learning institutions or when they are in private places. At last these young girls find themselves in sexual activities which in some instance results to the early parental hood. The society has put aside cultural believes and adopted digital ways of living where activities such as abortion and premarital sex are being encouraged and legalized instead of being condemned (Stevenson, page 221). It significantly grants young girls freedom to get engaged in sexual activities at early ages as they are backed by the society and there can be an option of whether move a step forward to parenthood or abort the pregnancy. All these evils in the society are spread through advertisements as the business-oriented host get riches while making a fuss of the young generation.
Furthermore, clothing plays a significant role in the engagement of tender girls to sexuality. It is through an advertisement that the trending clothing designs for women that leaves a more significant portion of their bodies naked are being spread to the youths. They are arousing as well as tempting, and there have raised occasions of young girls being raped just because of their outfit and the environment where they are at. It is disgusting, but all come in the name of beauty and digital way of doing things. For instance, considering the ladies in the magazine and other beauty products advertisement, the ladies are portrayed in a way that intends only to attract attention and show off beauty and never at all consider women respect and impunity (Adams, page 23). Wearing of decent clothes costs nothing, and it is recommendable for the young girls not to put aside some cultural customs even with community mutiny.
According to the discussion above, it is right that advertising has considerably endangered the well-being of young girls subjecting them to early sexual activity and parenthood activities. It is the role of the community to join hands and eradicate this demoralizing conduct through educating and advising the young people as it endangers the future generations. Also, the government has to wisely play its part of ensuring that the products and services being advertised are morally upright and are intended for social development rather than prejudice and sexuality.
References
Adams, James H. Urban Reform and Sexual Vice in Progressive-era Philadelphia: The Faithful and the Fallen. Lexington Books, 2015.
Cox, David J., et al. Public Indecency in England 1857-1960:’A Serious and Growing Evil’. Vol. 6. Routledge, 2015.
Rivero, Yeidy M. Broadcasting Modernity: Cuban Commercial Television, 1950-1960. Duke University Press, 2015.
Stevenson, Kim. “‘Not Just the Ideas of a Few Enthusiasts’: Early Twentieth Century Legal Activism and Reformation of the Age of Sexual Consent.” Cultural and Social History 14.2 (2017): 219-236.