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Exit of Vietnam
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Exit of Vietnam
Question 1:
The Vietnam War was characterized by various events that had massive and far reaching implications on the holistic welfare of the local populations. With respect to constituent events, (Tucker, 1999, p. 47) indicates that the formation of Vietcong, the major rebel group was one of the significant occurrences. This made it possible for the locals to fight the American army in an effective manner. Also, the fighting was characterized by heavy bombing as well as movement of populations to urban areas. This is because the bombers targeted rural areas that were inhabited by the natives. The movement of the populations was influenced by the need to inhabit safer areas that have sufficient social utilities.
The refusal to hold elections by the south was also a major event that can be perceived to have triggered the bombing. Finally, the retreat of the Americans according to SarDesai (1992, p. 144) is also an event that surprised the natives. It was reportedly triggered by the increasing deaths of American fighters. The Vietnam War led to massive deaths and injury of the natives. In addition, the constant bombing culminated in the destruction of livelihoods that supported the Vietnam economy. By the end of the war, Tucker (1999, p. 282) indicates that the country’s infrastructure had been completely destroyed.
Question 2:
Before the withdrawal of the American troops from Vietnam, the public was outraged because of the increasing incidences of death of soldiers and the native Vietnamese. Thus there were numerous public protestations that compelled the presidents to authorize for the withdrawal of the military operations in Vietnam. To a great extent, Tucker (1991, p. 155) ascertains that the general feeling of the public was characterized by a high degree of discontent. The withdrawal of the troops from the region was met with great relief from the public that had advocated for the action. Nonetheless, SarDesai (1992, p. 182) indicates that there was a feeling of indifference with respect to how the procedure was conducted. In this regard, it is argued that the escalation of the operations even after the annunciation of the withdrawal was disapproved by the public. Also worth mentioning is the fact that the public remained concerned and worried about the competence of its army. The huge debt also triggered public concern about the resources that the country had and whether they would effectively cater for future military operations.
Question 3:
The American veterans were neglected and resented after the war. According to Young (1991, p. 244), the public shunned their operations, booed and demeaned them on return after the war. The public is cited to have held the veterans responsible for all the operations of the war regardless of the fact that they (veterans) did not approve of it either. The veterans faced a tough situation and struggled with the challenges that life presented. This was compounded by the fact that they had serious injuries and some of them had permanent disabilities. This according to Young (1991, p. 290) made it difficult for them to get any form of employment.
They suffered significant psychological effects that stemmed from the violence and horrors of the war. In particular, they exhibited a tendency to experience nightmares, stress, depression and other physical conditions such as skin diseases and cancer. Irrespective of the inherent pain and suffering, the public considered them deserving of the pain and as such, minimal efforts were undertaken to address their concerns. In addition, Young (1991, p. 312) indicates that they were considered to be not only dangerous but also crazy. This made the veterans to experience feelings of abandonment and as a result, most of them resorted to drug use and abuse.
Question 4:
It can not be disputed that the American attitudes during the war were mainly negative. Immediately after the war, feelings of defeat were experienced and the public expected the government and the military to make efforts in a bit to enhance their military strength. The massive impacts of the war to different facets of the American society can also be implicated for triggering the negative impacts of the war. However, these have changed over time and have in return greatly impacted on the public perception and American approach to war.
In his review, Lembcke (1998, p. 113) indicates that currently, America approaches war with isolation. Statistical evidence in this respect indicates that the country does not always intervene in all conflicts and at all stages. Rather, it gives the conflicting nations a chance to solve their issues amicably. Furthermore, there has been a change in attitude form the public that currently perceives military operations to be profit oriented. Notably, this has had significant effects on the spirit of patriotism especially after the veterans were accorded a harsh treatment. Seemingly, this has culminated in minimal involvement of the public in military operations too (Lembcke, 1998, p. 171).
Question 5:
Abstract
The impacts of war had far reaching effects on different facets of the Vietnam society. Despite this, the country has made significant efforts to enhance its economic production. Perceptions have also changed as a result of the positive developments after the war. This paper reviews the intrinsic changes in detail.
Introduction
In most instances, war or armed conflicts tend to have detrimental impacts on the holistic functioning of the society. Besides destructing important livelihoods that support the economic and social welfare of the society, wars and armed conflict impact negatively on the international relations of the given country. Perhaps the most devastating impacts pertain to massive deaths and the ultimate loss of important human resources. The relative psychological effects and physical injuries tend to remind various generations of the impacts of the wars. It can not be disputed that the Vietnam War had various impacts on the welfare of the respective country. Nonetheless, since the end of the war, the country has undergone various changes. Despite the inherent shortcomings and challenges the Vietnam continues to work relentlessly towards attaining optimal economic production and political wellbeing. This paper reviews the changes that Vietnam has undergone after the war. In addition, it underscores the perceptions of the Vietnamese during and after the war.
After the end of the Vietnam war, Tucker (1999, p. 181) indicates that the north and south factions united and formed a single Vietnam. Essentially, the communist segments of the society assumed power. Thus from then, the country was led by communist forces until after 1975 when communism ideology was weakened across the globe. In the following decade, several researchers agree that the country experienced a high degree of poverty as well as abject poverty. This is because arable lands that were initially employed in economic production had been destroyed by the bombs. In addition, the country lacked sufficient resources to use for importing and producing food. This was further complicated by the poor international relations that the country had at the particular time.
In his review, Young (1991, p. 312) indicates that the high level of poverty and starvation between 1975 and 1985 was also contributed to by the mode of economic production. In this respect, it is indicated that the farms, lands and factories of the countries were solely owned by the state. The operations therein were also controlled by the state and workers were given coupons as well as goods in proportion to what they produced in the farms and factories. With this mode of production, the citizens were not well informed about the economic system. Also worth mentioning is the recognition that most of the workers were illiterate and had low levels of education. As such, they could not understand critical economic operations. In addition, illiteracy undermined their ability to explore other segments of the society to their advantage.
However, the situation changed dramatically during the 1990s. In this regard, SarDesai (1992, p. 144) indicates that Vietnam slowly drifted away from the system of communism that was hard lined. Currently, it can be considered to be only theoretically communist. With respect to politics, the state is politically authoritarian and most of its policies that are employed in governance are influenced by the political decisions. Regardless of this, the citizens are often given a chance to participate actively in governance. They make major contributions to policy formulations and seemingly, the country holds democracy in high regard. However, these do not significantly influence public operations and generally, it can be contended that its economy is free. Unlike in the past when it used to strictly adhere to the stringent policies that define communism, it is currently flexible. The citizens enjoy a wide range of freedoms including the fundamental freedom of speech. To a great extent, it can be likened to any other state that is economically oriented.
At the beginning of the twenty first century, the country has made significant efforts to initiate and establish viable diplomatic ties with other countries (Lambcke, 1998, p. 166). In addition, recent research shows that it is currently a member of the World Trade Organization. The housing sector that experienced massive destruction as a result of bombing has also undergone significant changes and can be considered to be decent. Most importantly, Tucker (1999, p. 163) cites that the land reforms of 1986 were beneficial to the citizens and greatly boosted economic production. In this respect, the farms and lands were given back to the citizens who enjoy full control. The industries and factories on the other hand were privatized and provided credible employment to the locals. Equally important is the fact that the country opened its border to international markets. This has enhanced the inflow of important foreign capital that is fundamental for economic development. This has also encouraged foreign investors to make credible investments in the country. As a result, the locals have benefited in terms of employment and improvement of their quality of life.
Local and foreign investments have had a significant positive impact on the country’s natural beauty. Tucker (1999, p. 188) cites that the tourism industry has particularly benefited immensely from this investment. Likewise, the level of education of the natives as also improved and statistical evidence shows that the literacy rate is soaring. At this point, it can not be disputed that the future of the country is generally bright.
Notably, these changes have had significant impacts on the perceptions of the locals. In his research, Young (1991, p. 327) indicates that unlike during the war when they were pessimistic about their ability to improve their economic status, they are currently positive about economic growth. This can be attributable to the land reforms that empowered the locals. In addition, the citizens have over time developed trust in other countries and have established viable relationships that are critical for economic growth and development.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it can be ascertained that Vietnam as undergone various political, economic and educational changes since the end of the war. The country has drifted from the hard lined communism and is now politically and economically free. This has been instrumental in enabling it to be at par with other countries with regard to economic production. The perceptions of citizens have also changed as they are looking forward to posterity in future.
References
Jamieson, N. (1993). Understanding Vietnam. Berkeley, Los Angeles. London: University of California Press.
Kamm, H. (1997). Dragon Ascending: Vietnam and Vietnamese. New York: Arcade Press.
Lembcke, J. (1998). War Comes to Long: End: Revolutionary Conflict in a Vietnamese Province. New York: University Press.
SarDesai, D. R. (1992). Vietnam: Past and Present. Fourth Edition. UK: Westview Press.
Tucker, S. (1999). Vietnam. Lexington, Kentucky: The University of Kentucky.
Young, M. (1991). The Vietnam Wars, 1945-1990. New York: Harper Perennial.
HR Issues in the News
HR Issues in the News
(Author’s name)
(Institutional Affiliation)
Introduction
This paper will discuss one issue in the news on one current, significant HR issue in the Canadian news. The paper will, hence, summarize some of the main points in the issue and connect this issue with some essential concepts learned in class about human resource. Additionally, the article will indicate what major functions in human resource the article addresses and the individuals affected by this article.
The article in question appeared on the 27th of September 2011 in the Canadian HR Reporter and the main issue addressed in this article was the validity of resumes and CVs handed over to potential employers. The articles argued that some 47 percent of potential employers indicated that job seekers often include information that is dishonest in their resumes. The article even indicated that a number of workers agreed that most workers used untrue information to secure employment. The survey from which the article took its information indicated that most workers lie about their education, job duties, and employment dates.
In the survey the employers indicated that about 12 percent of worker often put untrue information in their job applications. As a result, of this employers cannot take anything they read on resumes at face value. The article argues that employers have to conduct intense interviews that probe for specifics about these elements in the resume. The article gives a number of solutions that employers can use to determine whether potential employees are unreliable. For example, it indicates that the employer should watch for ambiguity during interviews, ask specific questions, get or ask for facts, and use of referees.
The major function in human resource of this article is to sensitize the human resource departments to look out for dishonesty during interviews because a significant number of candidates lie about their qualifications. Another function is to warn potential employees of the fact that most human resource departments have come to realize that some of them lie, therefore, they should only include information that is true. The article is related to the subject matter in that it talks about an extremely essential element in human resource, which is hiring of new employees. It is essential in that it shows us, as human resource students, the best ways to conduct interviews and extract the exact and valid information from a candidate that will help determine their suitability in the job.
The article affects both the human resource departments and potential employees. Employees get to know that it is essential to include only the information that is true in their CVs and human resource departments get to know ways of gauging the truthfulness of a resume. These two importances of the article are also the reasons why the article is essential and interesting to HR students and professionals. An essential question regarding this article is; is it possible for HR professionals to completely determine which information is true and which is not?
Article
Office Team. (2011, 27 Sep). Almost one- half of workers know someone who lied on resume. Canadian HR Reporter. Retrieved from http://www.hrreporter.com/ArticleView?articleid=11315&headline=almost-one-half-of-workers-know-someone-who-lied-on-resum%C3%A9
Response to Peer Postings
The first response is going to be to the question posted by John Ferri on the issue of Americans heading to Canada for job opportunities. The author asks whether the government of Canada should protect its workers from the American workers. My response is yes. The government should pose some restrictions on who accesses work in Canada. This is because the increase in American workers in Canada is causing detrimental effects in the country. For example, joblessness among the Canadian workers is increasing. This can lead to other challenges on the economy. It is for this reason why I think the Canadian government should regulate its job market. However, I do hope that these regulations will not completely lock visa workers from the Canadian job markets because they also play a significant role by increasing the competitiveness and thus productivity in the country.
The other response is going to be on the question posed by Mary Dumon who wants to know how an individual with an MBA would convince an employer that they are best for the job when compared to undergraduates with a related certificate. I would convince them that I have more educational qualifications, and experience than the undergraduate because of the fact that I have completed several studies and researches as my thesis. Coming up with a thesis can be helpful for me and for the company in that it increases my knowledge of the job market and trends that can be useful for the company.
Existential and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
Existential and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
Name
Institutional Affiliation
Existential and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
Jackson is a man of thirty-seven years of age. He is married and has a family of four. He has been in marriage for ten years now. His wife, Brenda, is a diploma holder from one of the institutions and is currently a businessperson, dealing on poultry products. Jackson’s parents are not financially well off; hence, he had an experience of being raised in poverty. He has been financially assisting his parents since his schooling. Even though Jackson faced challenges in his early school days, he was quite tolerant and submissive. He was contented with the little amounts of money he got from his parents, friends, and well-wishers.
Jackson was a visionary businessperson. He spent a good fraction of his savings in starting a small business that was managed by his mother. In the after school life, he decided to start a commercial poultry production project, which constituted of two hundred hens. Jackson managed this project for one year before he got formal employment in a company dealing with animal feeds. Currently, the project has expended immensely and accruing more profits. However, Jackson admits using a good proportion of proceeds from the project to assist his parents, the financially challenged students in the society, as well as his in-laws in matters related to schooling and other miscellaneous issues. Jackson asserts that human beings need to develop a sense of responsibility and handwork to succeed in life.
Even though Jackson has managed the tide of social challenges, there is one thing that seriously torments him psychologically. He always takes his family members for medical check up on bi-monthly basis. In the previous check up, one of his children was diagnosed with diabetes. This greatly affected Jackson psychologically. Within a few days, he has spent a lot of money in medication. He states that if the condition worsens, he will be forced to cut off some of his services to the society, reduce the size of his poultry project, and cut-off some of the working hours in the company. However, this condition is bound to affect his income and plans. For this reason, Jackson is mentally distressed and psychologically tortured.
Cognitive Behavioral therapy, Beck, and how it Applies to Jackson’s Case
This therapy builds on three issues, namely thought, emotions, and behavior. It suggests that the way a person thinks, feels, as well as acts are integrative and work in unison. Cognitive behavioral therapy holds that human feelings and behavior are subject to one’s thoughts (Beck, 2000). The way people think determines their characters. This shows that when a person’s mind is full of negative thoughts, there is high possibility of such a person becoming mentally distressed (Power, et al, 2010). Therefore, the person will act in queer ways following such mental distress.
On the contrary, a person whose mind is influenced by good things will most likely act in a morally acceptable manner (Beck, 2000). Such actions may be full of success in the future since they come out of sobriety of mind, organized thoughts, and good planning. In the case of Jackson, cognitive therapy is evident in several perspectives. Jackson saw his poor background not as a setback in life, but as an opportunity to work hard for a better future. With this, he managed to go to school, save money, help his poor parents, as well as start small business for his parents back at home. In addition, he started a project to offer employment to his wife, a project that also helped some financially challenged students in the society.
Jackson takes no offense in helping his parents as well as his in-laws even though his parents now run the small business that he started for them. He realizes that positive thoughts in life lead to success, and he still stands a chance of realizing even more achievements. However, the psychological challenge that has affected Jackson following the case of his child may distress him mentally. Therefore, there is need to apply this therapy to help Jackson overcome this predicament. This follows that due to stress, Jackson’s negative thoughts may overwhelm him, thus making him act in a negative manner. The major aim of cognitive therapy is to enable an individual discover whenever he makes a mistake. This may follow negative interpretations or behavioral patterns that act to strengthen skewed thoughts.
However, this therapy is of critical significance since it enables a person to develop other ways of thoughts and behavior responsible for elimination of psychological torture. In order to treat Jackson, it is crucial to subject him to tasks that will help relieve him of the stress he undergoes. It is advisable that Jackson visits a counselor, as well as widely consult health professionals on the matter. He needs to develop a warm relationship with anybody he comes across. He should be open to discuss the situation with anybody and seek for advices. In this manner, he will relieve himself of stress and will get several alternatives and opinions for confronting the matter. In this manner, Jackson will have been healed of the psychological torture associated with the condition of his child.
Existential Therapy and how It Applies to Jackson’s Case
This theory asserts that individual inner conflicts emanate from the way such a person tackles givens of existence (Frankl, 2006). This therapy starts with the realization that human beings are naturally lonely, thus needs others to fill the voids created by loneliness in their hearts. Such individuals must be those who bring meanings in the lives of the other party (Spinelli, 2007). However, even though such people make meanings in the lives of others, they cannot validate such lives. Therefore, one is left with the knowledge that he is still lonely taking into account that one’s validation must come from within oneself but not from others (Frankl, 2006). This therapy suggests that human beings can face the worries of life face-to-face.
In addition, one needs not worry over the existing perturbing circumstances, but challenge each issue with courage and full responsibility (Spinelli, 2007). This is evident in the way Jackson dealt with the poverty that defined his childhood background. He ensures that he attends and completes school, starts a small business to his parents, starts a poultry project alongside formal employment. This depicts him as a hardworking man who has realized that personal satisfaction and validation lies in oneself but not other person. However, in order to treat Jackson following the case of his child, there is need to emphasize on the present and future.
The best way to help Jackson is through giving him inspirational encouragements and motivation. This will make him be optimistic, thus dispel the fear that may arise due to the condition of the child. Jackson should attend several meetings and open air forums where issues concerning inspiration are discussed. In addition, Jackson should be encouraged to watch several television programs that focus on inspirational talks. These will help him dispel the fear and stress that may develop in his mind following the case of his child. Inspirational talks always lead to self-assessment, as well as spiritual search. In addition, inspirational talks always lead to sobriety when it comes to facing challenges in life. Such inspirational forums, meetings and discussions are important to the case of Jackson in several ways. This follows that majority of people participating in such meetings are those who at one time passed over such circumstances. As such, they come out and share with the public their grievances and ordeals. As such, they come to forget such perturbing ordeals. However, in the case of Jackson, attending such forums will help him get several clues on how to deal with such situations.
In addition, he should make regular visits to professional psychiatrists to help him counteract the distress that may arise. Visiting such professionals like psychiatrics is critical since such professionals always have good advices on how to deal with several psychological issues. Psychiatrists always have several inspirational advices. Such advices always shed lights of hopes to the hearts of the distressed. In addition, talking to the psychiatrics over such distressful matters always bring profound hopes to several clients. This can be so helpful to Jackson in case he had started losing hope following the case of his child. Discussing the issue with the professionals is helpful since it leads to acquisition of more knowledge on the fields that one never thought of at first. Therefore, the knowledge, advices and education that Jackson would acquire from such professional psychiatrists will be crucial in ensuring that he recomposes himself and look at the issue with renewed positive thoughts.
Moreover, Jackson needs to understand that medical conditions exist and people live with them. Some are curable, thus he should be optimistic that his child will be relieved of the burden facing him. This can be realized through encouraging Jackson to read several inspirational books, as well as nooks touching on cases similar to the one he faces.
References
Beck, A. (2000). Prisoners of hate: The cognitive basis of anger, hostility and violence, Harper Paperbacks.
Frankl, V. (2006). Man’s search for meaning, Boston: Beacon Press.
Power, M. J., Philippot, P., Hess, U., & Wiley InterScience (Online service). (2010). Emotion focused cognitive therapy. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
Spinelli, E. (2007). Practising existential psychotherapy: The relational world. Los Angeles: SAGE.