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Chapter 2 Class Activity 1-Deinstitusalization Discussion
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Chapter 2: Class Activity 1-Deinstitusalization Discussion
What are the ethical issues of forced treatment and free choice?
Forced treatment and free choice is based on four principles; beneficence, respect for the patient’s autonomy, nonmaleficence and justice. Concept of informed consent is applied where the patient makes a decision on free will and in knowledge of benefits of proposed therapy. However, coercion treatment may be used when the principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice contradict to patient’s will.
Discuss in groups, an example of both
Example of forced treatment; A patient, 65 years old, with acute inflammation of the gall bladder who after going through a successful surgery, tries to remove infusions with antibiotics and claims that she want to go home. In this case, coercion may be used since the nurses see it is not right for her to go home as it may lead to poor outcome.
Example of free choice; John, 45 years old, suffering from pneumonia understands that he needs treatment. In this case, he will agree to therapy with antibiotics but not to therapy with antipsychotics.
Does having a mental health issue remove the basic human rights of a person?
No. Unless there is prove that the individual has impaired judgment on treatment needed.
Advantages And Limitations Of Ferrous Materials In Engineering Application
Advantages And Limitations Of Ferrous Materials In Engineering ApplicationContents
TOC o “1-3” h z u Advantages and limitations of ferrous materials in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619702 h 1Advantages and limitations of ferrous materials in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619703 h 11C.Advatages and limitations of polymers in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619704 h 21D.Advatages and limitations of using ceramics in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619705 h 22A.Selection of ferrous metals in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619706 h 22B.Non-ferous alloys in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619707 h 32C.Polymers used in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619708 h 42D.Ceramics in engineering application PAGEREF _Toc379619709 h 43A.surface hardening treatments PAGEREF _Toc379619710 h 53B.Hardening of steel surfaces PAGEREF _Toc379619711 h 53. C erosion corrosion PAGEREF _Toc379619712 h 63D.Classes of stainless steel. PAGEREF _Toc379619713 h 63E.Wear processes PAGEREF _Toc379619714 h 63F.Mechanisms of abrasive process PAGEREF _Toc379619715 h 74A.stages of fatigue failure process PAGEREF _Toc379619716 h 74B.variables affecting fracture toughness and appearance of materials PAGEREF _Toc379619717 h 74C.Selecvtion of creep resistant alloys PAGEREF _Toc379619718 h 75A.Conditions for underbead cracking PAGEREF _Toc379619719 h 85C.changes in HAZ of cold worked PAGEREF _Toc379619720 h 8
Advantages and limitations of ferrous materials in engineering applicationThe main component of ferrous metals is iron but it also contains other metals and elements though in small amounts. These metals are magnetic since they have a large iron content that attracts a magnetic field. There are several advantages of using ferrous materials in engineering applications these include; the raw materials for their production are found abundantly on the earth’s crust (Callister,2000).Secondly they can be produced easily through an economical extraction process, alloying, refining as well as fabrication techniques. Finally they are versatile when it comes to physical and mechanical properties. There are also some limitations when using these ferrous materials in engineering application and these are; the fact that they have a relative high density, they have a low corrosion resistance and hence they require coating and finally they have low thermal and electrical conduction properties.
1B.Advatages and limitations of non-ferrous alloys in engineering application
Non-ferrous metals are alloys with no iron in them. Their properties differ from those of ferrous metals. Their properties are a result of the metals that are not present in ferrous metals but are present in them. Some of their advantages when used in engineering applications are that they are easily fabricated, their ductile nature, they have a light weight, they are corrosion resistant and they are very strong at temperatures which are elevated (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser,1997).There are also some limitations to their use and they include a low modulus of elasticity, they are expensive when compared to iron and steel, they have a high density, they can be susceptible to corrosion in certain environments and their electrical and thermal conductivity is medium (Crook &Farmer, 2002).
1C.Advatages and limitations of polymers in engineering applicationThese are substances that are made up of a mixture of many compounds. Their properties are therefore dependent on the rate of loading as well as temperatures. Polymers have many properties due to the mechanical behavior that they posses. Therefore there exist different polymers each with different characteristics. Polymers are advantageous when it comes to engineering applications because they are light in weight, resistant to corrosion, formability, have a low energy content, versatility in design, range from soft to hard and they have optical properties. The limitation of using polymers is its low thermal conductivity.
1D.Advatages and limitations of using ceramics in engineering applicationCeramic are materials whose nature and properties is determined by they bonding that is found within the atoms. These are traditional materials made from substances that occur naturally as well as those which are highly refined or chemical, magnetic and electrical applications. Ceramics are advantageous in engineering application since some of them have high thermal conductivity while other have a low thermal conductivity. They are chemically stable in a wide range of temperatures. They resist high temperatures, high melting point and chemicals (Lahiri &Majumder, 2012). There exist ratios that are high between weight and strength. They also have a low rate of corrosion. When it comes to their limitations they posses low toughness as a small crack leads to their eventual fracture. It is quite difficult to make predictions of their strength of interfacial bond .they have a limited repair ability when damaged.
2A.Selection of ferrous metals in engineering applicationFerrous metals posses different properties that are put into use in various industries. They have different specifications when it comes to mechanical and physical properties. For instance iron mild steel is malleable and ductile and hence used for production of bolts, nuts and screws. Iron can also be used as tool steel since it is hard and very ductile hence used in producing shears, drills and hammer heads.
Alloy steels have high hardenabilty compared to plain carbon steels. This is because alloy steels are made up of many elements and hence they have improved properties. The alloy steels are stronger, resistant to erosion and have improved harden ability ( DeGarmo, Black &Kohser,1997).One the other hand carbon content in the plain carbon steel determines its strength since carbon content is inversely proportional to ductility. Therefore a low hardenability results from a decrease in plain carbon. This means that the quality of the steel go down through impairing in low and high temperatures resulting to a loss in embrittlement and strength. Therefore if other elements are added to steel then their hardenability will be improved (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997
2B.Non-ferous alloys in engineering applicationThe non-ferrous metals have many properties but there are some of the non-ferrous metals whose applications are more suitable than others. Aluminum is suitable in Aircraft industry, road signs, cooking utensils because it is light. Aluminum use is increased in motor vehicles, engine blocks where the low weight increase fuel economy. Copper is a good electrical conductor hence used in electrical wiring. Zinc is used in decorative articles since it is ductile and malleable in hot and cold temperatures. Lead is highly resistant to corrosion hence used in mild steel as a protective coating.tin can be used to coat mild steel hence put into use in canning industry (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997).
Non-ferrous alloys exist in both cast and raw forms. The principal behind the existence of these two forms is cast non-ferrous alloys need high temperatures to be melted and then the liquid is poured into a mould and cooled before other parts are added. These alloys are thus brittle and hence they can not be easily formed through deformation. Wrought non ferrous alloys are shaped through pressing and shaping and hence this makes them more tensile and stronger. They can thus go through mechanical deformation.
2C.Polymers used in engineering applicationPolymers have specific properties from their families like thermosets, thermoplastics and elastomers alongside general properties. Due to their characteristics they can be applied in materials which require moderate strength, low thermal and electrical conductivity, variety of colors are light in weight, and are easily fabricated. Their common use is household appliances such as containers. Those polymers that are pliable and soft can be used as materials for cushioning. Other can also be used for the insulation of electrical appliances.
There are two types of composite materials namely dispersion strengthening and fiber strengthening. The dispersion strengthening materials have a uniform dispersion of some substances that give motion of dislocations plastic in nature and hence reducing the plastic deformation in a solid. On the other hand fibers strengthening entail the inclusion of fibers with plastics and hence this combination has an influence on the strength and thermal conductivity dependent on their ration (Vernon, 1992).
2D.Ceramics in engineering applicationCeramics have many properties that can not be found in metals or plastics. They are used as non-reactive materials in chemicals erosive and corrosive fluids of low temperatures and corrosive gases and melts that have high temperatures. They can be used for thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic applications. They are used in mining and chemical engineering since they are non-reactive to erosive or corrosive fluids. They can also be used in heat engines and exchangers as they can resist thermal shock, corrosion and oxidation that involve high temperature (Richerson, 1988).
Ceramics are of two types industrial or engineering and domestic. Engineering ceramics is whereby ceramics are used for making materials in industries like automotive industry. On the other hand domestic ceramics are used for constructing as tiles for floors and walls in interior design.
3A.surface hardening treatmentsCarburizing is a treatment method for making metal surfaces hard using heat. Heating metals in presence of materials that contain carbon, leads to its absorption with the metals. Carburizing can lead to increase in the surface hardness, carbon content on the surface, wear resistance, tensile strengths and change its volume as well as making it gain growth (Vernon, 1992).
Nitriding on the other hand makes surfaces harder through spreading of nitrogen on surfaces of metals using heat. Nitriding results to increased surface hardness, wear resistance, yield limit and reducing density of surface and elongation, carburizing is more suitable as a method of hardening surfaces as compared to nitriding (Vernon, 1992).carburizing also results to greater depth and hardness as compared to nitriding .carburizing is applied in gears, and bearings while nitriding is applied in valve guides and seating’s.
3B.Hardening of steel surfacesSteel surfaces need to be carburized since it is a suitable method for some steels particularly a steel alloys that contain 0.5% carbon while quenching and re-heating is used for steel that 0.4-0.5% carbon and 0.4-0.8% cast iron.
3. C erosion corrosion
Metals undergo erosion corrosion when they are subjected to mechanical action like suspension of particles which are insoluble and hence they deteriorate as a result of the mechanical force. In instances where erosion factors hasten corrosion the attack is referred to as erosion corrosion (Schweitzer,2010).Erosion corrosion can be prevented by lowering flow rates of fluid path materials that contain high temperature fluids in them. Reduction in velocity, turbulence elimination and designing piping systems properly also reduce erosion corrosion (Schweitzer, 2010).
3D.Classes of stainless steel.Ferritic stainless steel can be either ductile or brittle nature when their temperatures are reduced. They are hence used in thin walls due to their brittle characteristic. Martensitic stainless steel is strong and resistance to corrosion. It can therefore it can be put into use in light weight structures. Austenitic stainless steel is used in all temperatures from low to high. At low temperatures they are very tough while at high temperatures they are resistant to oxidation. They can therefore be used as non-magnetic metals (DeGarmo, .Black &Kohser, 1997).
3E.Wear processesAdhesive process involves the deformation of plastics in very small fragments on the surface after a frictional contact. It frequently occurs sue to the shearing at a particular point of contact. Abrasive process involves removing materials from a surface by the use of hard particles which are forced and moving against the surface of solids. Erosive process occurs as a result of an impact of solid or liquid particles on the surface of an object. (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997).
3F.Mechanisms of abrasive processThere are several mechanisms involved in abrasive wear and they are micro-plouging whereby materials are cut by debris in the form of flakes and used of ductile materials. Micro-cutting involves wear debris being cut or removed using sharp grit .micro-fatigue results from cycling loading from friction whereby the surface is deformed by grits. Micro-cracking involves high load of grit moving across a surface resulting to the cracking of the surface (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997).
4A.stages of fatigue failure processCrack initiation is the first stage where a crack forms at a point of high stress .this is followed by crack propagation whereby the crack continues to grow at that area. The third stage is final failure whereby the crack reaches a critical size due to the continuous growth of crack.
4B.variables affecting fracture toughness and appearance of materialsTemperature increase results to dislocation of metals hence the yield strength is lowered. Surfaces of ductile metals thus appear dull and fibrous. Ductile brittle transitions appear cleavage or granular. Notch surety is another variable whereby is notch or cracks are present, a triaxial tension stress occurs adjacent to the notch or crack when a load is put. This results to formation of a brittle fracture incase there is prevention from plastic deformation. Thickness is a variable that is independent as the toughness of the fracture depends on how thick a material is. The materials thickness is inversely proportional to the toughness of the fracture (Callister, 2000).
4C.Selecvtion of creep resistant alloysSuper alloys have good properties like good mechanical strength as well as creep resistance and hence they have slow movements towards deformation when they are stressed. Therefore there are factors that should be considered when selecting super alloys and these are the cost, macinability, high tensile strength an high stress levels at high temperatures for periods that are extended.
5A.Conditions for underbead crackingUnderbead cracking occurs in welded steels as a result of various conditions which are existence of a heat affected zone crack forming adjacent to the fusion line. Another condition is presence of hydrogen in weld zone. This type of cracking occurs mostly in alloy steel.
5B.reasons for pre-heating and post heating welded steel component
The three reasons are slowing down of cooling rate, reduction of shrinkage stress and distortion of wells and finally the promotion of fusion and moisture removal.
5C.changes in HAZ of cold worked
A high dislocation is given by cold worked. The material is made brittle as a result of low temperatures. They are given a finer grain as well as a decrease in the amount of boundaries that are in existence between the grains found in their surfaces. Cold working is therefore a process whereby metals undergo plastic deformation below recrystallization (Huda, 2009).
Part B.
Literature Review
Different engineering materials
The engineering materials available for use in different applications are wide in range. These materials all have particular properties and characteristics linked to them. There are also various advantages and disadvantages for each of the materials .there is a detailed discussion of the definition of these materials and structures
Metals are of two types ferrous and non-ferrous which can be put into application in different ways. Ferrous metals are widely used due to the large quantity of iron in the earth’s crust as well as their production in an economical extraction (Callister, 2000). The element iron is fourth most plentiful on the crust of the earth and for a very long time it has been used as a basic metal in engineering (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997). Nonferrous alloys are used for high resistance to particular wear apart from abrasion or resistance to wear in environments where corrosion is too high or beyond ferrous alloys service temperatures (Crook &Farmer.H, 2002).Nonferrous metals have an important role in modern technology due to their large number and their wide variety they provide a range that has no limit of properties to design engineers (DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997).
Apart fro ferrous and non-ferrous metals there are also other engineering materials and these are ceramics and polymers. Ferroelectric liquid crystals that are stabilized by polymers are a representation of functional materials that can be applied in areas like privacy windows, optical shutters, photonics that can be switched on and dynamic holography (DeGarmo,Black &Kohser,1997).they are low in density, their tooling costs are low, resistance to corrosion, and versatile in design. Ceramics include both traditional materials from heating of substances occurring naturally and those materials that have undergone refining and synthesis for material’s that are used for modern mechanical, chemical, magnetic optical and electrical applications (Richerson,1988).It has good resistance to thermal shock as well as oxidation under high temperatures hence used in development of heat engines and exchangers( Richerson,D ,1988).domestic ceramics have been put into use in household products.
Abrasive materials are those materials that are hard and can cut or cause abrasion to other substances DeGarmo, Black &Kohser, 1997).abrasive systems involve flow of mineral ore through feed chute into upper portions of the zone for crushing which is made up of two plates one that is stationery while the other is in motion. Rock chunks make their way into the top and their sizes reduce every time there is cycling of jaws towards each other.
References
Callister, W. (2000).Materials science and engineering. John Wiley & Sons Inc, U.S.A. print
Crook, P. &Farmer, H. (2002).Friction and wear of Hard facing Alloys, Friction lubrication and wear technology. Volume 18,Haynes International Inc.
DeGarmo, E. P.Black J.T &Kohser, R. (1997).Materials and processes in Manufacturing,8th Edition. Prentice-Hall, Inc. U.S.A. print.
Lahiri, T &Majumder, P. (2012).The effects of cross linked chains of polymer network states of polymer stabilized ferroelectric molecules.p.2121
Schweitzer, P. (2010).Fundamentals of corrosion. Taylor and Francis Group.U.S.A.printVernon, J. (1992).Introduction to Engineering Materials., 3rd edition. Macmillan education Ltd. Hong Kong. print
Richerson, D. (1988).Ceramics Application in Manufacturing, 1st Edition. Society Manufacturing Engineers. Michigan U.S.A
Huda, Z.(2009).Effects of degrees of cold working and recrystalization on microstructure and hardness of commercial –Purity Aluminum, Vol 26,no.4,pp549-557.
Movies and creativity
Movies and creativity
What is the relationship between the business of movies and creativity?
This period poses a challenge to whether a movie is a form of business or an art. This leaves the audiences with no answers since the bosses in the Hollywood find it a business while actors find it an art since they use their skills and talents. “We give the public what it wants.” The Hollywood movie industry succeeds due to various reasons such as the working towards impressing the people. This gives them the ability to have more customers since they produce what is relevant to the customers (Wood, 4). This makes Hollywood a success compared to other production industries such as the Asia or the European industry. Despite the high movie productions by Asia, they do not manage to sale more copies than Hollywood due to the sticking to a certain culture compared to Hollywood entertainment that mingles through various cultures in order to capture more customers.
Currently, Movies have a very high sense of creativity in that the people sitting at the cinemas to watch movies follow every part of the movie and keep liking every minute of the show cast. Brunet, (7) contemplates that the formation of a movie entails very high skills and creativity since it entails a long duration, sophisticated equipments and a strong story to capture the attention. In order to create a fascinating movie the script undergoes various adjustments from the editors, directors and producers. This people are the backbone in the movie formation industry and they all have distinct roles to play. The creation of a movie undergoes every department and every department has different roles to play in order to make the movie successful. Andrews, (9) agrees that the approval of the story paves way for the editors and producers to step in order to make a movie. Movies capture the attention of the viewer to the extent that the person loses right mind and start following the movie. For instance, the viewer will start to experience similar feelings with the mood of the movie. The viewer would either laugh or frown depending on the mood of the film. This explains the how the creativity and the flowing story in a movie capture the attention of the audience. In addition, the aspect of movies and other communication medium taking advantage of the audience by not only entertaining the audience but to play other hidden roles such as the keeping the audience in doubt since they never understand the fantasies behind the movie creation.
Hollywood entertainment is growing at a fast rate since it produces movies towards the achievement of the entertainment purpose, the movies high visible due to the high quality and their movies do not have a destination but work towards all the cultures across the world (Sidel & Morgan, 6). Hollywood poses as a threat to the entire world especially the rival nations that venture into the movie production. This is because the company produces classic movies and the amount of finance investment in their company is very high ranging about $34 million. This is a single movie investment therefore; this gives the company the reason not to produce a movie that will probably challenge the people. The rival companies in Europe and other parts such as Asia produce the highest number of movies than Hollywood in a single year but still Hollywood beats them in the sales and top earning company. The development of the star system entails the enhancement of the concentration on the image rather than the entire background in the script. This means that the Hollywood take their time and try to produce high quality images in order for them to produce catchy images. The star system in the Hollywood theaters comprises that creation, exploiting and promoting movie stars in the casts before presenting them with bigger roles. A movie comprises of three eyes that include the eyes of the director and the cinematographer, the eyes of the protagonists and the audiences (Sidel & Morgan, 4). The different eyes have different roles in that the capture the audience through the second eye that shows the feelings of a character before the main action. The technological, social and economical changes in Hollywood led to a change in the quality and the investment in the movies.
The Hollywood cinemas produce movies across the borders other than all the other companies in the different countries. Hollywood earns more from the foreign market forcing the movie industry to assimilate the culture often in order to meet the customers’ requests. This has kept the business going even in the third world countries such as the African countries. Hollywood entertainment takes advantage of the incapability or the poverty of the third world nations to make them own movies by invading their markets and leaving them no choice but to purchase the movies. The continuous growing of Hollywood has led to the development of creativity in the sense that the more the movie catches the attention of the viewers the more the earnings. This means that the company serves the people in order to capture and receive their attention. The senior executives and the early time inventors of Hollywood think themselves as owners and manipulators of the million audiences in theaters watching their works (Andrews, 8). The executives think they heighten about the control of the entertainment industry including the producers and the actors. The executives think that other people do not play their roles as the audience forgetting that the people are responsible for making them the executives.
According to Brunet, (3) the introduction of the modes such as the 3D and the HD in the movie field has led to changes in the movie making. This has led to the changes in the acting modes therefore Hollywood has ventured in the business leading to the production of more movies that would capture the audiences. The modes increase the clarity and the production of large images that would make the viewer part of the movie. The larger the image the more the movie becomes interesting since the images or would become more realistic since the person would view the actor in the movie as real due to the high image formations and the size that can equate in the real life. The introduction of the new modes in the movie world change the perception that movies only entertain the people and has taken the movie industry to another higher level and this satisfies the purpose of the movies in that they want the audience to become part of the movie other than just viewers.
Hollywood poses a business challenge in the contrary since it has to collect capital in order to fund and maintain the entertainment industry. Wood, (3) states that Hollywood is the highest entertainment production industry that invests more in movies compared to the other industries such as the European industry that the highest movies investment pulls up to $11 million compared to $34 million in the Hollywood. This has made the movie industry a high revenue earner in the USA since the company sales the movies across the world especially the third world countries that do not have the production facilities. This enhances the release of movies that stern the audience due to the high definition images, use expensive casts in the movie in order to make sure the movie will earn the money back into the production. Hollywood loans from the Bank of America making it a business investment since the top bank managers would benefit from the loans therefore the deal need to support their bank management in order for them to give Hollywood the loan. “Bank executives have an important voice in what king of entertainment would become popular.” This means that the bank executives tend to have shares in the various entertainment productions.
What are the tensions between the two and (how) does this tension enable Hollywood to function as a cultural system?
In the movie industry, there exist diverse situations that contribute to tension between the movie business and the level of creativity expected from the filmmakers and actors. One of the tensions that exist between business of movies and creativity is whether the level of creativity in the movie will attract enough customers in the marketplaces to purchase the movies. Just like any other given business, the movie business operates on the profitable returns obtained from the selling of the movies. Without receiving the expected returns, it implies that the production of the movies will decline or even end up collapsing.
To avoid such incidents from occurring, it is essential that the people related with movie acting such as filmmakers and the actors employ the highest form of creativity in an effort to achieve the best movies. In producing the best movie in the movie marketplaces, most customers will definitely demand more of the product (Andrews, 4). In this case, the profitable returns yielded from the returns will boost the continuity of the movies industry. For this reason, the tension, which is whether the creativity in the film will fully satisfy the demand in the business industry, is a chief concern of the people involved in the movie business.
An additional tension that affects the movie business and the creativity in the movie industry is the fact that the current consumers in the marketplaces incrementally desire for motives with highest level of innovation. The current advancement in technology has made it possible for the consumers (viewers) from diverse parts of the world easily to have access to diverse movies. The exposure that the customers receive from the watching of diverse movies also contributes to the establishment of tension between the movie business and the creativity. In the current world, before the consumers decide on purchasing a given movie, their preferences and desires expectation related to the movie need to be attained. The current customers unlike the traditional movie lovers have the expectation of the movies they would love to watch. Before purchasing or going into any cinema to watch any movie, the customers (viewers) have to inquire whether the movie satisfies their desires fully. Regardless of the actors and the amount of capital invested in the production of the movie, without the aspect of creativity, the consumers are not willing to purchase the movies (Brunet, 5).
The tension created between the movie business and the level of creativity has enabled the Hollywood actors and produces to function as a cultural system in diverse ways. The level of interaction between the producers, directors and actors in Hollywood has increased to ensure that the products (movies) offered to the customers are satisfactory. The Hollywood directors and producers also interact and share new means to achieve the level of creativity enough to satisfy the customers. The actors and directors also work together as a community to promote the upcoming talent especially in the young actors. Most directors have resolved into working with younger actors because of the increasing creativity in the upcoming artists. However, other actors and directors balance the tension in diverse ways. Some will seek to balance the tension through shifting other more or less innovative products in the movie business (Wood, 4). For this reason, some actor’s directors will prefer producing animation and cartoon instead of the action movies that are highly demanding when it comes to levels of creativity. Others have decided to produce movies based on real life events hence evading the tension between the movie business and creativity.
Work cited
Robin Sidel and, Kate K. “J.P. Morgan Growth, Take 1; Hollywood Business Looms Large in Plans; Advising Pension Funds.” Wall Street JournalMar 13 2007. ProQuest. Web. 13 Nov. 2013 .
Wood, Daniel B. “Can Creativity Survive Hollywood’s Money Quest?” The Christian Science Monitor (pre-1997 Fulltext): 1. Mar 27 1995. ProQuest. Web. 13 Nov. 2013 .
Andrews, Suzanna. “The Hollywood Deal Game.” Institutional Investor 25.13 (1991): 69. ProQuest. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.
Brunet, Johanne. “The Social Production of Creative Products in the Television and Film Industry.” International Journal of Arts Management 6.2 (2004): 4-10. ProQuest. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.
Sidel & Morgan