. Dog vaccination

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Dog vaccination

Introduction

Dog vaccination to prevent disease is a topic that is under a great deal of debate. There has always been discussion over where, when how and whether the protection is necessary at all. Different versions of the debate have been providing their explanation of why their way is right. Both sides have reasonable and robust evidence, and it is upon once assessment or the situation that the dog is that can be used to decide whether or not to take their dogs for vaccination.

Diseases to be vaccinated

Despite there being some side effects from dog vaccination being safer is better than keeping peoples and animal lives at risk. Dog vaccination is the most important vaccination that one can make in their dogs. The following list provides a list of diseases that dogs should routinely vaccinate from. Canine distemper virus is a deadly viral disease that affects different dog’s organ system. The diseases can lead to severe permanent damage to the brain and other clinical problems such as diarrhea, vomiting, and some secondary infections. Canine hepatitis is another disease found in dogs that are caused by the canine Adenovirus. It leads to severe damage to the liver, vomiting, and death (Cleaveland et al.,2006). The treatment of the disease requires intensive nursing care which includes IV fluid and hospitalization. The virus causing the disease can be spread by communicable among dogs through sneezes and coughs. Another disease that is severe to dog’s health is rabies. The infection is 100 percent fatal to dogs, and there is no treatment. Rabies can spread to people through bites by infected animals.

Vaccination schedule

A puppy that is younger than six months should be taken through a series of vaccinations. At the age of 6-8 weeks, it is necessary to make sure that the puppies have been taken through the required type of immunization. The following schedule should be followed. The DAPP vaccination should be administered at the 6-8 weeks and after 2-3 weeks until the dog reaches adult dentition. The first rabies vaccination should be given at the 12 weeks of which is considered good for a year. The dog should then be taken for a yearly booster that will take the dog for three years. Bordetella vaccination should be done after every 6-12 month depending on the rate on which they are exposed. One should make sure that they have checked with their veterinarian boarding facility to ensure that one has followed the policy vaccinations that had been issued.

Advantages of vaccination

There is a legal requirement that has to be adhered to for one to be issued with a permit to own a dog. Some states require dogs to be vaccinated for one to be issued with a dog ownership permit. The permit should be provided by a veterinarian to provide proof that the dog should not be exempted for medical reasons. An example of a disease like rabies can result in the high health risk that might even lead to fetal death. If there is a genetic disorder in the family lineage of a dog, it is necessary for the dog to be taken for vaccination (Day et al., 2016).. In such cases, a dog should be prevented against infection during, before and after vaccinating by use of homeopathic and antihistamines remedies.

Lifestyle is another reason that can necessitate the vaccination of a dog. If a dog is regularly taken to parks, shows, grooming parlors, boarding facility, or any other facility that puts the general public at risk of exposure to disease, the dog should be vaccinated. Animals that are kept in a clean environment are exposed to less illness than those that are found in the dirty environment (Day et al., 2016). Lack of mother’s milk is another reason that puppies should be taken for vaccination. Without the lactating milk, dogs are exposed to higher risks until they develop their immunity. For such puppies that do not have their mother’s milk, their resistance to diseases depends on the number of the potency of viruses they are exposed to. An active immune system helps the body with other basic functions despite killing viruses. The immune system deals with bacteria, toxins, and cancer cells. A dog that has been exposed to regular immunization is expected to be immune from most infections (Day et al., 2016)..Disadvantages of immunization

Research has indicated that dogs that are exposed to a high rate of vaccinations can cause problems to a dog’s health. Severe over-vaccination can lead to blood thickening due to immune protein complexes that clog in filter organs like the lungs and kidneys. Live vaccinations pose a health risk to breeding and pregnant dogs. Exposing pregnant female dogs to vaccinations can result in fatal effects of the unborn puppies (Diallo et al., 2007).

Vaccinations that are administered to deliberate or sick animals lead to more fatal situations. In cases where the immune system is dealing with other cases that are involved with the immune system, the vaccination should not be administered since it alters the natural process of fighting a certain disease (Cleaveland et al.,2006).

References

Cleaveland, S., Kaare, M., Knobel, D., & Laurenson, M. K. (2006). Canine vaccination—providing broader benefits for disease control. Veterinary microbiology, 117(1), 43-50.Day, M. J., Horzinek, M. C., Schultz, R. D., & Squires, R. A. (2016). WSAVA Guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats. Journal of small animal practice, 57(1).Diallo, A., Minet, C., Le Goff, C., Berhe, G., Albina, E., Libeau, G., & Barrett, T. (2007). The threat of peste des petits ruminants: progress in vaccine development for disease control. Vaccine, 25(30), 5591-5597.