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Review of Hope’s Boy by Andrew Bridge
Review of Hope’s Boy by Andrew Bridge
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Review of Hope’s Boy by Andrew Bridge
Andrew Bridge’s “Hope’s Boy” is a book about the experiences of children who have been brought up under foster care. Bridge was brought up under foster care himself when growing up. He uses his own experiences with foster care to develop the story. It is a motivational and inspirational story that creates hope in readers that nothing is impossible in life. During foster care, children undergo both risk ad protective factors in the experiences. Both the risk and protective factors often occur at different stages of life. It also occurs at different levels, including; individual, parent, and environmental levels. This paper analyzes the risk and protective factors at an individual, parent, and environmental levels explore in the book.
In the memoir, Bridge explores both risk and protective facts that can either expose one to the risk of being mistreated or protect them from mistreatment. Both risk and protective factors occur at different levels or stages of one’s life. To overcome the risk factors of mistreatment, one has to have strong protective factors, just like Bridge. Bridge has strong protective factors, including his personality, that made him be able to mitigate the risks he faced at different levels of his life (Bridge, 2008, p. 76). At the beginning of the story, Bridge explores the risk factors that he faced while being brought up by his mother and later on when he was adopted into foster care. As the story progresses, especially in chapter 10 of the memoir, the author explores how his protective factors helped him navigate some of the risk factors he was exposed to to become a successful person in life.
At an individual level, as a child, one is prone to several risk factors. One of the main risk factors at this stage of life is age (Bridge, 2008, p. 83). A child is more at risk of being mistreated because of their age and inability to make decisions for themselves. In the story, Andy is forced into foster care because he was a child, and he was not able to challenge the decision to take him into foster care. After being taken into foster care, he is mistreated by the family that took him away from his mentally ill mother.
Since Andy was a child, he could not challenge the mistreatment he underwent under foster care. In this case, it his age as a child that exposed her to a higher risk of mistreatment and exploitation. Andy was only 5 years old when he was taken into foster care. At this age, he was expected to start going to school (Bridge, 2008, p. 83). His age exposed her to the risk of being molested and mistreated by the foster family. Besides, the foster family used the fact that Andy had attained the school-going age to separate her from her mother.
At a family level, some of the risk factors that one can encounter include; neglect, poverty, and poor parenting. In the story, Andy was exposed to the risk of mistreatment since he had no family to protect him. Andy’s mother was mentally ill, and she could not be able to take care of his son as a mother would do (Bridge, 2008, p.86). His grandmother was poor hence unable to provide for his needs (Bridge, 2008, p. 87). In this case, these factors contributed to Andy being forced to be taken into foster care. Since he had no one to follow up on in his progress while in foster care, he was mistreated.
Besides, Bridge admits that Andy’s family had a history of maltreatment. This fact exposed Andy to a higher likelihood of being mistreated. Besides, Andy was faced with the risk of adopting some of the mental issues faced by his mother, such as aggression. Being aggressive exposes one to a higher risk of being mistreated (Bridge, 2008, p. 95). It gives those with the intention of mistreatment that excuses to mistreat you when you portray aggressive behavior.
The environment plays a vital role in determining the risk and protective factors in one’s life. In the story, Andy’s environment, both being raised up by his mother and grandmother and while in foster care, exposed him to risk and protective factors (Bridge, 2008, p. 102). Some of the risk factors that Andy was exposed to while being raised by his mentally ill mother include; mental illness and aggression. Being raised by a mother with mental health issues, Andy risked developing mental health issues. He admits that most of the time, he was disturbed by her mother’s mental health (Bridge, 2008, p. 111). Although he wished he was in a position to help his mother, he could not because he was young.
On the other hand, when being brought up by his grandmother, he risked hunger, starvation, or malnutrition since her grandmother was struggling to provide food to her grandson. Besides, he risked getting uneducated because her mother was uneducated and did not value education (Bridge, 2008, p. 98). While Andy was being brought up in foster care, he was facing the risk of mistreatment and lack of affection from his foster parents.
In most cases, children brought up by foster parents risk mistreatment since the foster family does not view them as their own. In this case, they are more likely to mistreat them as they lack the emotional attachment to the children (Bridge, 2008, p. 108). However, Andy gives hope to other children who are foster care as he manages to overcome challenges and risks associated with foster care by having strong protective factors such as patience, resilience, determination, and hard work.
ReferencesBridge, A. (2008). Hope’s boy. West Michigan University. https://webauth.wmich.edu/cas-web/service 3A%2F%2Fgowmu.wmich.edu%2Fc%2Fportal%
Response to Louise McCann
Response to Louise McCann
I agree with you that interpersonal communication is an integral aspect when it comes to solving interpersonal conflict. Individuals who lack effective interpersonal skills such as etiquette are most likely to finds themselves in trouble or create trouble frequently. As you have witnessed firsthand how you could solve an issue, interpersonal communication can save an individual from unnecessary conflicts.
Low Fiber Food Item
Research Paper: Food Label
Following the American Psychological Functions
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Dietary Fiber Content
Low Fiber Food Item Portion Size Dietary Fiber Higher Fiber Healthier Alternative Portion Size Dietary Fiber Oat Bran 100g 4g Corn Bran 100g 79g White Bread 45g 0.06g Rye Bread 45g 2.0g Long grain Spaghetti 45g 0.9g Whole Wheat Spaghetti 45g 6.3g Rice Bubbles 45g 0.6g All bran Cereal 45g 12.4g Sliced Avocado 2 slices 0.9g Whole Avocado 2 slices 2.8g Plums 1 cup 0.9g Strawberries 1 cup 3.3g White rice 1 cup 0.6g Brown rice 1 cup 3.5g Melon 1 cup 1.4g Blackberries 1 cup 7.6g Iceberg lettuce 1 cup 0.7g Romaine Lettuce 1 cup 1.2g Boiled Peas 1 cup 4.5g Split Peas 1 cup 16.3g Dietary fiber is a form of roughage. It is obtained from plants that are not digested by enzymes during the digestion process in the intestines. It is comprised of two components:
Soluble fiber, from the name, means that it readily dissolves in water. During the digestion process, these fibers are fermented and transformed into gases and products that are psychologically functional. These products can be viscous or prebiotic (Omega 3 & Omega 6 Fatty Acids – Fat Facts, 2014). The entire process occurs in the colon. Their main function is to slow down the movement of digestible food through the digestive system.
Insoluble fibers, from its name, do not readily dissolve in water. This property makes them inert hence they add bulk to the digestible food. The bulking types of fibers are responsible for the absorption of water throughout the digestive system. This makes defecation easier since the faeces will be well lubricated (Omega 3 & Omega 6 Fatty Acids – Fat Facts, 2014). They also enhance and promote regular defecation. They also speed up the movement of digestible food throughout the digestive system.
These minerals are important since:
•They make the stool softer and bulkier.
•They assist in the curing and reduction of infections and conditions showing the intestinal tract such as constipation, diverticulosis and hemorrhoids.
•Food with low fiber content do not supplement any process in the body, therefore, should be avoided. However, they are useful when someone has a heart condition. High fiber foods have more advantages than low fiber foods.
Fiber lowers the risk of contracting a heart condition because:
Solvable fiber moderates the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines by tie it with bile (which comprises of cholesterol) and nutritional cholesterol so that the body defecates it.
Protein Content Chart
Low protein Food Item Portion Size Protein Content High Protein Food Item Portion Size Protein Content Chicken wings 3.5oz 6grams Chicken Breast 3.5oz 30grams Fish fillet 3.5oz 22g Tuna 3.5oz 40g Bacon 1 slice 3grams Pork chop 1 slice 22g Soft Cheese 1oz 6gm Cottage Cheese 1oz 15g Medium Cheese 1oz 7gms Hard Cheese 1oz 10g Soy milk 1 cup 6gms Soy beans 1 cup 14gms Pecans ¼ cup 2.5gms Almonds ¼ cup 8gms Cashew ¼ cup 5gms Peanuts ¼ cup 9gms Hamburger 4oz 28gms Steak 4oz 42gms Chicken Drumstick 4oz 11gms Chicken Meat 4oz 35gms Proteins are foods that are responsible for body building and are a vital component in the pathophysiology of major organs of the body. They differ from one another in the form of the arrangement of the amino acids. All proteins contain at least one long chain of residual amino acids, which are a linear chain of amino acids that have remained. People’s daily protein needs differ from one person to another in accordance to age, gender, and body mass and activity level (Omega 3 & Omega 6 Fatty Acids – Fat Facts, 2014). People engaging in strenuous activities need more proteins since they burn their calories at a higher rate while those engaging in activities that require less energy need optimum protein. Little consumption of protein will result to the body using the protein reserves stored in muscles. The result of this is an unfit body.
Low and insufficient protein intake may cause:
Alzheimer’s disease caused by Aβ, protein, the main constituent of senile signs.
Parkinson’s disease caused by insufficient A constituent of γ-secretase
Fat content Foods
Low Fat Food Item Portion Size Fat Content High Fat Food Item Portion Size Fat Content Skimmed
milk 1cup 0gms Whole milk 1cup 8gms Fat free Margarine 1tbs 0.5gms margarine 1tbs 3.5gms Reduced fat Mayonnaise 1 tbs 2gms mayonnaise 1tbs 11gms fat-free Cream cheese 1oz 0g cream cheese 1oz 10gms Skim cheese 1oz 0gms Regular cheese 1oz 8gms two egg whites 2 whites 2gms Whole egg 5gms non-fat yogurt 1oz 0gms Whipped cream 1oz 5.6gms Low fat butter 1tbs 0gms Ghee or butter 1tbs 12gms Frozen dessert made with vegetable oil 1tbs 2gms Ice cream 1tbs 5gms Fats are known for being constituents of the macronutrients. They are crucial for our body when taken in optimum amounts as required. Fats are known for promoting various diseases in the human body. High-fat food content is not healthy since they introduce a pathogen conducive environment in the body. Low fatty foods are the better alternatives since they eliminate the probability of infections. Additionally, they enhance vitamin absorption and nerve activity, and improve the human immune system.
High content fatty foods can cause the following diseases:
•Arthritis
•Rheumatoid Arthritis
•Gallstones: are comprised of hardened cholesterol that is found in high content fat foods.
•Diabetes: Diabetics produce insulin, however, high levels of fat in the plasma cause insulin to breakdown.
Reference
Omega 3 & Omega 6 Fatty Acids – Fat Facts. (2014). Fat Facts. Retrieved October 15, 2014, from http://www.nutritionvista.com/Nutrition/fat-facts,22.aspx