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DISCUSS THE LEGAL AGE FOR ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND WHETHER IT SHOULD BE RAISED
Alcohol Consumption
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The minimum legal age for alcohol consumption around the world is twenty-one years. This age limit was passed by law with the best of intentions to minimize abuse of alcohol by the teenagers. At twenty-one years, alcohol consumption is merely due to peer influence and curiosity. There is no justification for the consumption, but one indulges into alcoholism simply because his or her friends consume alcohol. It is assumed that, at this age, one cannot make sound decisions about life issues. He or she is mature, responsible and accountable for their actions. This is not the case when it comes to alcohol consumption especially by teenagers who constitute a significant percentage of individuals in this age group. It is my strong belief that the alcohol consumption age limit should be raised albeit many who would strongly believe that the current one is sufficient to uphold a responsible society.
However, I feel that the minimal legal age for alcohol consumption should be raised to twenty-five years. This is because this age comes with many responsibilities and reality check about one’s life. The maturity level has also increased, thus one makes wise decisions. The reasons for alcohol consumption at twenty-five years of age are not due to peer influence and indulging in careless behavior (Maisto, Galizio and Connors, 2010). Alcohol consumption at this age could be justifiable unlike the case with teenagers.
By increasing the minimum age, there will be prevention of injuries sustained when one is drunk and death related cases especially among the youth. Young people are prone to over-indulging in alcoholism and later go on and drive when they are drunk. This increases the cases of road accidents and hence death. At twenty-five years, one can make sound decisions of not drinking and driving since they can foresee the danger ahead if they did so. At twenty-five years, one knows how much they can take in and handle. This comes with responsibility.
Most of the people at twenty -five years of age have gained enormous and serious responsibility in their lives and may tend to minimize on alcohol consumption. They get their priorities right and attend to the urgent and relevant issues first. Most of them have parenting responsibility and bills to pay. This is opposed to the twenty one year old people who just want to drink for fun and carelessly. Most of the people in this age bracket are college students who have all their needs taken care of by their parents and guardians hence they have no responsibility. They use the money that they get access to for having fun and indulging like in alcohol consumption, since they do not have any form of responsibility in their lives (Fleckenstein, Venturelli and Hanson, 2011).
Therefore, the minimum legal age for alcohol consumption should be raised in my opinion. This will significantly reduce the number of detrimental effects of alcohol especially for the young people. In turn, this will prevent irresponsible drinking, build the society and minimize alcohol abuse by the young people.
References
Fleckenstein, A., Venturelli, P.J., Hanson, G.R., (2011). Drugs and Society. Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Maisto, S.A., Galizio, M., Connors G.R., (2010). Drug Use and Abuse. California: Cengage Learning.
Current Market Conditions Competitive Analysis
Current Market Conditions Competitive Analysis
Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc380835750 h 1The organization and its product PAGEREF _Toc380835751 h 1Demand, supply, and equilibrium prices PAGEREF _Toc380835752 h 2Issues or opportunities faced by cellutant electronics PAGEREF _Toc380835753 h 3
IntroductionCompetitor analysis is a tool used in marketing as well as strategic management whereby an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of an organizations both current and potential competitors is done. A useful technique in carrying out a competitor analysis is the construction of a competitor array. This is done through various steps first identification of the industry that the organization wants to venture into. This encompasses the scope and nature of that particular industry (Abahe.co, 2011). The second step involves the determination of competitors for the intended product. The third thing is identifying customers and the benefits they expect from the organization. It is also crucial to find out the key factors of success in the industry. Through this analysis the organization acquires both defensive and offensive strategic context so that it identifies threats and opportunities that are present. Competitor analysis is therefore a very crucial and essential component of an organizations strategy (Entrepreneur Media, Inc 2013).Cellutant electronics, a large corporation is thinking of expanding its market scope and start producing tablets. As part of the strategic planning group the marketing director has asked the team to carry out a competitive market analysis so as to determine the product’s potential success. The paper will focus on cellutant electronics primary competitor in the products market.
The organization and its productApple Inc. is among the most successful firms in the cellular phone market. Though Apple has not been always on top, they have always come up with tactics of ensuring that they surpass their competitors in the industry through their product quality and pricing. Presently when you walk into any super store you will not fail to find Apple’s products. Apple is known for various products such iPhones, iPods, iPods, Mac and so on. Apple’s product on focus is the iPad; this is a tablet that can be used by virtually anyone from students to business people. Apple was among the first manufactures of the tablet and since it’s a device that is quite easy to use it is still on demand by many consumers. Apple uses its own operating system that is known as iOS which is designed specifically for its devices such as the tablet.Apple has been enjoying and commanding a great market share of the tablet market. This is because Apple is a household name and the company is well known. Therefore it has been easy for Apple to sell the product and hence continued to cement its presence in the market.
Demand, supply, and equilibrium pricesSome of the factors that affect the demand for tablets are factors such as their cost, portability and the specifications of the tablets in terms of its abilities and what it has to offer.as the demand for tablets goes up its supply goes up too. Besides Apple there are also other many companies which are selling the tablets at competitive prices. This creates a problem in the area of supply for tablets since the demand for the product is so high. From the time tablets began being sold the demand for the product has been going up. Keeping up with the manufacturing of tablets has proven to be difficult at times .in the case of tablets their demand and the difficulty of supplying them that has been projected has kept their cost relatively high.
On the other hand the tablet is not something new to the public and more people are now [purchasing the tablet and a lot of competition is being introduced its now proving to be difficult to keep a company’s product in a higher demand as compared to another company’s product. This is particularly since there has been a lot of technological improvements has become consistent hence the process are becoming more affordable with time. There are many more companies that are manufacturing and selling tablets and hence their prices are now becoming more and more affordable. Some of the companies that manufacture tablets are Apple,Samsung,Polaroid,and Microsoft and so on. The potential customers or potential buyers of tablets are so many out there. The buyers of the tablets can be students,those in business,teachers,lawyers,doctors and virtually anyone from any profession. These are devices that aremeant for personal use and therefore anybody can own one. The potential customers have greatly increased since more and more people are developing the interest of tablets. Further more the tablets are easy to use and convenient to carry and hence they are attracting so many people (Prenhall.com, 2011).
Issues or opportunities faced by cellutant electronicsThere are various issues or opportunities that cellutant electronic is facing as it is entering the market. There are various companies which are involved in the manufacturing of tablets as stated above. For this reason there are some issues that cellutant electronics will have to deal with such as the price elasticity of demand. Priceelasticity of demand refers to the elasticity or responsivenessof a product to any change in its price. Generally demand for products is termed as being inelastic when the price elasticity of demand is less than one .this means that any price change has a small effect on the quantity of the products that are demanded. Price for products is termed as elastic when its price elasticity of demand is more than one. This means that the changes the changes in price have a significant effect on the quantity of products that are demanded. When it comes to tablets we can say that it is elastic this is because if the prices of tablets go down more and more people will buy them. This is because there are so many people who would want to one a tablet but they can not buy one simply because they are not able to afford it (Moffatt, 2012). Therefore cellutant aims to manufacture tablets that are affordable compared to those of its competitors in order to ensure that 6they increase the demand for their tablets. Another issue which is an opportunity is technological innovation. Cellutant electronics will ensure that they employ the latest technology in the manufacturing of their tablets. This will involve the use of up to date technology and operating systems such as android that will make the products more user friendly.
Another factor is the relationship between the amount of labor & capital employed and the law of diminishing marginal productivity. Once the relationship is established it will become easy for cellutant electronics to determine whether the production of tablets is worth.as the marginal product of the labor employed decreases the marginal costs usually goes up. If a company has to pay more for every worker as compared to the total number of products each of them makes then the labor cost for each item increases thus the cost to make each of the items will become higher. Marginal costs decrease when there is a falling marginal product of labor that is when the company is using less on each item on additional items needed to make tablets than the extra amount of money for paying the workers (Novinson, 2012).When coming up with the cost structure cellutant electronics will look at the expenses it is incurring when they are manufacturing the tablets. These costs are fixed costs, variable costs, marginal costs, and so on. Variable costs are affected by productivity, as well as changes in supply and demand of labor. Therefore the manufacturing of tablets by cellutant will be determined by variable costs such as supply of labor and productivity.
References
Abahe.co (2011) .Marketing strategy and competitive analysis.Retrieved August 28, 2013 from http://www.abahe.co.uk/business-administration/Marketing-Strategy-and-Competitive-Analysis.pdf Beranek, M., &Pearson, C. (2001). How Demand and Supply Determine Market Price. Retrieved August 28, 2013 fromhttp://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/sis972Entrepreneur Media, Inc.(2013). Competitive Analysis.Retrieved August 28,2013 fromhttp://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/competitive-analysisMoffatt, M. (2012).Price Elasticity of Demand.Retrieved August 28, 2013 fromhttp://economics.about.com/cs/micfrohelp/a/priceelasticity.htmNovinson,E. (2012).Explain the Relationship Between the Marginal Product of Labor & Marginal Cost.Retrieved August 28, 2013 fromhttp://www.ehow.com/info_7888762_explain-product-labor-marginal-cost.htmlPrenhall.com. (2011).Demand, Supply, and market equilibrium.Retrieved August 28,2013 fromhttp://www.prenhall.com/behindthebook/0132447029/pdf/O%27Sullivan_CH03.pdfWeintraub, E. (2010).CMA Comparative Market Analysis.Retrieved August 28, 2013 fromhttp://homebuying.about.com/od/sellingahouse/qt/062107CMA.htm
Events in the Modern World that Reflects the Progressiveness of Issue Regarding Sex Education, Gender Wage Gap and Advertisem
Events in the Modern World that Reflects the Progressiveness of Issue Regarding Sex Education, Gender Wage Gap and Advertisement Forms Associated with Women.
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Institution
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Introduction
The stereotypical nature of society regarding women and the traditions surrounding them and their roles in society have evolved. There has been a significant change in many life aspects that initially demeaned women’s capabilities and well-being. The three main issues that have experienced progress over time are the gender wage gap, advertisement forms regarding women, and sex education. In the current world, more women have joined forces and established programs that aim to fight discrimination against them in various fields in society. This paper will look into the gender wage gap, sex education, and advertisement forms and their progress in supporting women and their roles in society. It explains the changes witnessed regarding the main issue mentioned above.
The wage gap issue has challenged nearly all women in various labor market sectors. Over the years, employers have been known to pay lesser wagers to their female employees than the male employees for the same roles. They are shortchanged in terms of their performance bonuses despite performing equally as men or even better than men in their workplaces. However, the trends witnessed in the current market have shown that many organizations have adopted policies and strategies that promote employees equality within organizations. Employers have started recognizing and appreciating the contribution of women in their organizations. More women are taking over senior positions in organizations and participating in major decision-making processes (Blau & Kahn, 2017). It means that women and men in the labor market experience growth in their different professions at the same rate. The promotion opportunities offered to both genders result in nearly the same salaries and benefits. For this reason, the gender wage gap has narrowed.
The number of hours worked by employees determines their pay and benefits. In the past, women were forced to split their time between their profession, caregiving, and unpaid home obligation. This aspect of their lives lowers their pay and benefits since they get fewer working hours at their disposal than men, hence widening the wage gap. In the modern world, more women are choosing not to have children. This decision enables working women to focus on their careers and devote all their time to them. In addition, gender roles, especially at home, have changed. Men are now performing the unpaid obligations at home and becoming primary caregivers (Blau & Kahn, 2017). These trends witnessed in modern society have significantly narrowed the wage gap.
Sex education is also one issue that has evolved for the better. Initially, sex education was prohibited in most learning institutions in America. Most parents considered Sex talks taboo hence avoiding the topic (Naezer et al., 2017). Consequently, children, especially teenagers, were in the dark about their sexuality, perception of women, and what to do with the changes they experienced in their bodies. This ignorance and neglect by parents and teachers contributed to the high level of teen pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, and rape cases seen in society. The issue has since evolved and taken a different route altogether. Most learning institutions have made sex education mandatory (Naezer et al., 2017). Parents are also more open to their children and discuss sex, respect for women, and contraceptive methods. For this reason, the rates of teenage pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, and rape cases have reduced significantly. Moreover, contraception methods have gained popularity in society, and women are not ashamed to adopt them as they plan their future.
The advertisement methods adopted by various institutions and organizations have undergone a complete transformation. In the past, most advertisements projected women as sexual objects that men could access whenever they wanted to (Anand & Shrma, 2019). Women were portrayed as men subjects, with no voice or opinion whatsoever. On the other hand, advertisements associated men with strength, rationality, and a higher power. Women were viewed as inferior to men. More focus was put on their bodies rather than their capabilities and talents. Most advertisements displayed less clothed women to promote different agendas, especially on magazines and televisions (Anand & Shrma, 2019). These advertisements insult and degrade women in all kinds of manners. They convey the message that there is nothing beyond a woman’s body. However, strategies and policies employed by feminist movements and the government have gradually transformed the advertisement techniques. In the modern world, advertisements portray women as strong influential, and just as equal and capable as men. Organizations that adopt advertising methods that degrade women and glorify men face dire consequences. The government ensures that such companies are punished accordingly through penalties, suspension, or complete closure.
Conclusion
The growth experienced in different aspects of life regarding women’s inclusivity and empowerment is undeniable. The number of women in the workforce is impeccable. This progress is a motivation to society and women as well. Women are encouraged to venture into different professions of their liking and not be shaken by societal expectations. In addition, men are also challenged and believe that gender should not be an issue when it comes to professionalism. More men are open to working with women and even letting them take the lead because they acknowledge their capabilities. Organizations need to develop more strategies that encourage women empowerment and equality. Members of society should also take it upon themselves to create awareness of the significance of equality and the need to respect all people regardless of their gender. These actions will help society achieve a gender-neutral environment, thus growing economically and development-wise.
References
Anand, H. L., & Shrma, A. (2019). The portrayal of Women in Advertising with Special Reference To Television. History Research Journal, 5(6), 1054-1079.
Blau, F. D., & Kahn, L. M. (2017). The gender wage gap: Extent, trends, and explanations. Journal of economic literature, 55(3), 789-865.
Naezer, M., Rommes, E., & Jansen, W. (2017). Empowerment through sex education? Rethinking paradoxical policies. Sex Education, 17(6), 712-728.