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Morning Ag Clips “U.S. takes action vs. Canadian wine trade measures” by USDA
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27/5/2018 Morning Ag Clips “U.S. takes action vs. Canadian wine trade measures” by USDA
Canada has placed wine measures that don not favour other international wine producers. For instance, British Colombia has a law that excludes all imported wine from the grocery stores. This has raised an alarm to the U.S and other countries since Canada is one of the major markers for United States wine makers. According to Secretary Perdue, they want British Colombians to be given an opportunity to buy wine from the U.S as a great wine producer. The idea of Canada having regulations that discriminate against the U.S is unfair and won’t be tolerated.
The government of the United States through Donald Trump’s administration has requested WTO (World Trade Organisation) to create a dispute settlement panel that will investigate the move taken by Canada and help solve the issue. According to the article Canadian wine measures are against the laws and provisions of WTO thus the government is going to fight for its rights. Wine makers in the U.S gain most of its income from the international sales and when Canada is trying to regulate wine sales in the groceries it means that this is a loss to the U.S wine makers. The reason for requesting the WTO to come in is because in 2017 the U.S held meetings with Canada on the same issue but it was not resolved.
In my own opinion the direction taken by Canada is unfair to other outside markets. The provisions of WTO allow for even trade measures thus Canada needs to adhere to this fact. Canada has its export products and it will be bad for the countries locked away by the wine measure to stop receiving goods from Canada. On the other hand, this is the only way Canada can do to boost local wine sales since imported wine seem to gain more market than local wine. Thus Canada need to revisit their wine measures of restricting sales of imported wine in groceries but have a limit so that both the international and local markets are not affected.
https://www.morningagclips.com/u-s-takes-action-vs-canadian-wine-trade-measures/17/10/2017 CBC News “U.S. makes ‘aggressive’ demands to access Canadian dairy market, wants end to supply management” by Katie Simpson.
The article is about U.S aggressiveness of seeking ten times of what Canada agreed to give up in the TTP. Canada has a protected dairy market that the U.S wants it to be opened and termination within a decade of supply management that protects Canada’s industry. The motive behind this is to widen the producers market in the U.S. the president of the U.S farmers said that they are not in shock since the demands made by the U.S are similar to the demands made in the other sector. CBC news has learned that the idea of the U.S requesting for transparency might be used to gather information that will be used against Canada later. From the article two sources say that the U.S is using this demand as a way of gathering data that will be used against Canada in a tribunal case of the supply management system. U.S demand for market access may be a way of presenting a full vision of renegotiating NAFTA.
In my own opinion if Canada grants the U.S its demand they will be at risk of losing their dairy markets and U.S market will gain a wider producers market. The U.S is on the run demanding a lot from Canada just like the first article of asking Canada to revisit its wine measures thus the U.S might be at a trade war with Canada in the near future. It seems the U.S doesn’t want Canada to have a protected marked with the fear of losing sales from the Canadian market. Market transparency might be risky since through transparency a lot of information can be leaked to the competitor. It is upon Canada to weigh the advantages and disadvantages before granting the U.S its demands.
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/united-states-dairy-market-demands-1.43568405/4/2018 The Guardian “How a US-China trade war would hurt us all” by Linda Yueh.
Creating trade barriers will damage the world at large and not only china and the U.S will be affected. Trade barrier will have product and serviced increase in price and also the global supply chain will be interrupted. China and the U.S currently are having tit for tat exchange tariffs which might lead to a trade war in a few years’ time. The Trump administration announced the imposition of tariffs on a range of Chinese products, china responded to this by having tariffs on U.S imports. Possibly the next step will be to restrict Chinese investment in America and if so then China will give a similar response. This tit for tat game, will be damaging both countries since companies such as Apple have invested in the two. If china and the U.S do not come to the table for an agreement more trade barriers will be seen not only in them but other countries too.
In my opinion the battle between china and USA is aimed at no good and the two super power countries can continue with their tit for tat game but they have to put in mind the economy of other countries that will be affected with their trade war. Third world countries depend so much of the super power countries and if they create barriers and trade tariffs among themselves then it will be difficult for the developing countries. The U.S.A has an aim to distract the made in china 2025 plan which is aimed at making china manufacturing globally. U.S.A and China need to sit and table their issues come to an agreement and solve their trade disputes thus enhancing peace.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/05/us-china-trade-war-supply-chains-consumers25/11/2017 Emerald Insight “Conflict, international trade and President Trump’s isolationist policies” by Yusuf Ayotunde AbdulkareemThe article stats by explaining President Trump’s policies that aim at showing reminiscent of the era of the smooth Hawley tariff of the 1930s. the article is a research paper that shows hoe Trumps administration has uneasy relationship with other governments which is going to harm the U.S economy. The idea of isolates is seen not to work yet President Trump has embraced such policies. The article compares current regime in America to that of the 1930s which was characterized by isolationism. There is tension in international trade and this is linked to the conflict that the U.S is having with other super powers majorly china. Trump’s isolationist policies are certainly going to harm the USA in the long run and a big part of that is because of the personality of the President himself.
In my own opinion the paper by Yusuf takes the right direction of research in international trade and conflict. It is true that isolationism ideas will never impact a country positively but rather the country’s economy will be affected since economy is boosted by international trade. America has tensions with other countries and from the previous article this tensions are creating bad relationship and soon there will be a trade war between china and the U.S.A. Isolating from the other countries will make U.S. A’s economy to go down since even other developing countries might not want to associate with a country that detaches from other super powers. Thus countries need to work together to enhance peace, share ideologies and promote international trade which will in turn boost economy.
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/JITLP-07-2017-002413/8/2018 The Guardian” Is Free Trade Always the Answer” by Richard Partington.
Concerns continue to increase over Donald Trump’s import tariffs as ministers negotiate Britain’s trading with Europe. Free trade allows free flow of goods along international boarders without being taxed which generates wealth. Free trade has lifted a lot of people around the world out of poverty. Cheaper labor costs appear to be giving china an added advantage over western countries in the manufacturing sector. The main ideology behind import tariffs in to make imported good a bit expensive than local goods thus promoting the local manufacturers. Countries in the WTO signed up an agreement to keep their tariffs to a certain limit, U.S is a major driving force but Trump view this membership as a disaster. According to the economists’ international competition ushers in innovations. The existing U.S tariffs according to economists might trigger job losses and a weaker economic growth.
In my own opinion the idea of free trade is good since it boosts economic growth and creates wealth for the poor communities. Imposing tariffs on imported goods might seem effective for the short term period but long term effects are negative. Increasing import duty in the US might lead to countries withdrawing from selling their goods in America which will be a loss to the country. Members of the WTO need to embrace the terms and limits they signed up for till when new limits are agreed by the whole membership. Also free trade is good since it makes imported goods cheaper and affordable thus promoting international trade and a country having a diversity of goods. When having taxes on imports it will affect international trade and in the long run there will be product monopoly in the country.
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/aug/13/is-free-trade-always-the-answer14/1/2017 The Guardian. “Aid in reverse: how poor countries develop rich countries” by Jackson Hickel.
Research shows that developing countries send trillions to the west than the other way round. We have always known that the first world countries give the developing countries to help eradicate poverty. The US-based Global Financial Integrity (GFI) and the Centre for Applied Research at the Norwegian School of Economics a few months contradicted this with the idea that the flow of money from rich countries to the third world countries pales in the comparison to the flow that run the other direction. The statement means that rich countries are not developing poor countries but it is the other way round. Through invoice faking multinational companies from the first world countries get a way to steal from the poor countries. They do so by shifting also the developed countries take advantage and give the poor countries loans on interests which the loans become huge thus difficult to pay yet the interests continue to build up. The developing countries end up paying a huge debt that what they borrowed thus making these countries rich.
In my own opinion developing countries need generosity from the developed countries and not them taking advantage and stealing from them. It is true that developing countries are making rich countries richer since for over a decade we have not seen a big improvement from the third world countries yet the first world countries continue to emerge competing to be super powers. There have been reports of countries having hug debts by world bank yet the richer countries continue to give them funds and later go to exploit resources in the developing countries. Developing countries need justice and if possible they could be given debt reliefs to help them pick up a fresh.
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2017/jan/14/aid-in-reverse-how-poor-countries-develop-rich-countries
Morning after Pills
Morning after Pills
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Introduction
Almost half of pregnancies in the world are unintended and Emergency contraception provides women opportunity to avoid pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. Emergency contraception are vital for the larger number of women at risk of pregnancy but do not use regular method and offers reassurance to people using condoms but experience condom slippage or breakage. Significance of morning-after pills has seen Canada allowing it as a nonprescription drug that pharmacists may dispense it directly to women anytime they need it. The Morning – after pills just like a regular birth control pill although it is much stronger and it functions by preventing ovulation thus avoiding contraception or implantation if ovulation occurs. Generally, Morning-after pills prevent an unplanned pregnancy in various situations including; when no contraception was used, missed birth control pills, the condom slipped or broke, the diaphragm dislodged during sexual intercourse, error in the calculation of the fertility period and non-consensual sexual intercourse.
When Can the Morning-after pills used?
Morning-after pills contain hormones similar to the content of regular birth control pills and they prevent pregnancy primarily by preventing ovaries from releasing eggs. Moreover, the pills usually make cervical mucus thick hence prohibiting sperms from mixing with egg and causing fertilization. The functionally of the pills largely depend on the stage of the menstrual cycle in women. Depending on the stage of the menstrual cycle, the contraception may delay or stop the release of the egg, change the lining of the uterus, and finally alter the movement of the egg and sperm by limiting their speed. However, the morning-after pills are never effective for pregnancies implanted in the uterus. It should be noted that morning-after pills are not worth relied on and should only be considered as last chance contraception. Effectiveness of the morning-after pills is within a certain period including immediately after unprotected intercourse up to 5 days or 120 hours. However, they always work best when taken immediately after unprotected sex instead of waiting for the fifth day because the longer an individual waits for the pills, the lesser their chance of working.
Types of Morning-after Pills
There are two hormonal types of morning-after pills whose effectiveness, prices and side effects differ slightly. The first type of morning-after pills is known as plan B that contains progestin hormone and is taken as 2 pills. Plan B pills can either be taken immediately or 1 pill taken right away and the other pill taken in 12 hours although taking two pills instantly is easier and effective. Another type of morning-after pills is Ovral pills that contain two hormones including estrogen and progestin and are served in 4 pills. 2 pills of the Ovral pills are taken immediately while the other two are taken 12 hours later. Significantly, the pills are always most effective if taken within 24 hours of unprotected sex although they can be effective up to 5 days or 120 hours after sexual intercourse. Plan B pills effectiveness in the first 24 hours is considered as 95% of possible pregnancies, between 25 and 48 hours, it prevents 85% of possible pregnancies while between 49 and 120 hours the effectiveness drops gradually to 58% at 72 hours. On the other hand, Ovral prevents about 77% of possible pregnancies in the first 24 hours, 36% of possible pregnancies between 25 and 48 hours and the effectiveness further drops to 31% at 72 hours between 49 and 120 hours.
Where Morning-after pills are foundEmergency contraceptive pills are available in most pharmacies without prescription and sometimes a pharmacist would ask a few questions before giving them out. According to CMAJ (2005), reclassification of morning-after pills as nonprescription drug thus letting pharmacists to dispense it directly to women is good news but making consultation with pharmacists mandatory is unwelcomed. Cases of abortion have risen both in Canada and globally and almost 50% of pregnancies are unintended regardless of the wider availability of contraceptive methods perhaps because of timely access to physicians. In that case, introducing morning-after pills in pharmacies without prescription is a huge step that will avoid the many cases of abortion and unintended pregnancies. It is apparent that the move of allowing morning-after pills in the pharmacies will definitely balance access to the pills for all women across Canada hence a net reduction in abortion.
Improving access to emergency contraception is significant for a comprehensive program that addresses women’s reproductive and sexual health and is important to the health of teenaged girls and young women. Morning-after pills need to be readily available to both rural and urban women and its accessibility must respect women’s right to privacy in addition to seeking to prevent an unintended pregnancy. Access behind the counter may help in reducing unintended pregnancy because the pills are harmless, effective, and easy to use medication that only requires timeliness. Although privacy may be impossible because the drugs are purchased in public places, taking it off the shelf and directly to the checkout offers a higher degree of privacy. Additionally, making morning-after pills available over the counter provides several options of purchasing the drug thus enhancing privacy. This is because a buyer may avoid either friends or people they know working in the nearby pharmacy that may perhaps interfere with their privacy.
It is argued that consultations with the pharmacists may be a good idea because they are qualified individuals whose counseling may be regarded significant when it comes to contraceptive options. Proponents of pharmacist consultation assert that pharmacists usually have frontline contact with their clients and possess the right qualifications required to provide emergency contraception even though they are not taught counseling in universities. On the other hand, according to CMAJ (2005), anti-pharmacists counseling feel that only a few pharmacists may offer the privacy necessary for such kind of consultation and that the consultation fees attached may act as barrier to many women. Moreover, history of self-administered morning-after pills shows high level of appropriate use and therefore competent women who have experienced contraceptive failure or a lapse in caution do not need unwanted questioning or unsought advice. In cases where clients may not be able to purchase the morning-after pills, the pharmacists refer them to the doctors.
How often should Morning-after pills used
Considering the limit on the number of times morning-after pills may be used, Princeton University’s Office of Population Research (2013) explains that there are no safety concerns about using progestin-only emergency pills more than once. It is argued that morning after pills will always prove effective when used in preventing unintended pregnancy after intercourse provided it is used appropriately. However, sexually active individuals should resort to other birth control techniques such as condoms and or pills before or during intercourse instead of continuous use of the morning-after pills. In some instances, the morning after pills may have some unpleasant side effects and should therefore not used repeatedly. Sexually active people need to talk to their health care providers or check out for better birth control technique options for safety and effectiveness of the methods chosen.Morning – after pills tend to help solving the solution of unwanted pregnancies particularly growing teenage pregnancies. However, it is vital to note that the pills do not prevent spread of sexually transmitted infections that have been on the rise especially amongst teenagers. Teenagers and other adults who engage in unsafe sex without considering the issues of unwanted pregnancies sometimes abuse morning – after pills. Unwanted pregnancies and the wider use of
Adjusting to Life in America
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Adjusting to Life in America
Living and studying in a foreign country is a naturally transforming experience. When I came to America, the mental test of living outside of the “cultural cocoon,” is socially as well as inwardly alienating. The new culture demands one to learn a whole new language, rework personal habits and long for a desire to be a part of. I was so excited to receive my acceptance to a college in the United States. The culture of the United States had influenced me through television, I listened to music from the “States,” I watched their movies and followed the lives of their celebrities the way a monk does Buddha. I was so confident I had all it took to be an American.
It is unimaginable how it felt after just one week of realizing my “American training” was not even nearly enough. The change in culture, food, and language was devastating. What also devastated me more was my failure, I considered Americans really cool and would give anything to be like them, speak like they do with a touch of pride, speak out my mind, and have an interesting walk. For a week I was on a burger diet. It was the only thing I could eat because I used to back home because my friends and I enjoyed it from time to time at the local McDonalds. After one week, however, it was not fun anymore. Everything was in shambles, I had been paired with these boys from Africa, and because I spent most of the time in my room, I was yet to meet any Chinese students although I knew there were several at my new school. I could not communicate because of my strong accent, I was able to write decent English and speak to, but the accent was so heavy that the only thing a woman at the canteen heard was burger.
I was so insecure, depressed, and anxious all the time, especially every time I walked past these huge white football players. Almost all the movies I had watched showed well-built college athletes beating up on the weak kid. Sometimes I missed home so much it turned into tears. But I was determined. I read articles online on how to adapt to a foreign country and tried to adopt the tips. The most important one was learning to be away from home, from family, friends, the culture and even the weather. I stilled cried, but after I was done, I reminded myself that home will still be there and I had a purpose here. Staying in contact with people at home also offered huge encouragement and helped ease the burden of missing them.
Change is not always bad, and after a few months, we were friends with my roommate from Africa John Leti, and we spent time sharing stories of home, and the memories slowly covered the awful feeling. He had learnt to understand me, and I could make out word under his accent as well. I had honestly improved as a person, and in a few months, I was immersed in a foreign culture, and the little boy that used to cry was now grown. Unlike my fellow Asians, I did not spend time in Asian groups. My mind was open to the world, and I had friends from all over the world. John and I had become inseparable, and so I tried to join a Chinese group, and since I could not leave John behind, he tagged along. However, all they did was speak Chinese, and that was no place for John and also for me. I was offered a gateway to the world; why would I decide to stay outside.
Today, I am a full American. I am not yet a citizen, but I get calls walking through the hallways, which makes me very proud. My decisions brought me the happiness and comfort I longed for. Looking back, I see the growth and I see myself as a testimony for a foreigner encountering every possible challenge of a new environment to fully adapt. I have had adventures beyond learning and interacted with the world through wonderful people. Today I am the go-to person for fellow Chinese students joining our school. I try to encourage them to be open-minded, and most of them are happy and comfortable.