Recent orders
Adapted Sports
Adapted Sports
Student’s Name
Institution
Date
Adapted Sports
Introduction
Adaptive sports which are also referred to as disability or Para sports are the sports which are played by individuals with disabilities comprising of physical as well as intellectual disabilities. This kind of sports is occasionally termed as adapted sports since several of the disabled sports are centered on prevalent able-bodied sports which are altered to meet the necessities of the individuals living with a disability. Thus the adaptive sports are considered to be significant since they help the disabled individuals to do regular exercises which is vital for their bodies as it helps in strengthening their hearts, building strong muscles and increase coordination. In the United States, it is estimated that 56.7 million individuals, which is about nineteen to twenty percent of the total population are living with a disability (Winnick & Porretta, 2016). There exists several adaptive sports as well as recreation programs for which can be enjoyed for wellness, health, leisure, social and competition advantages.
The number of disabled individuals who are principally involved in sports plus physical recreation is progressively up surging with organized sports for the athletes being classified into three major disability groups. These groups include the following; games for the deaf, games for individuals with a physical disability and lastly the games for the persons with intellectual disability. It is from the late 1980s that organizations started to include disabled athletes in sporting occasions, for example, the Commonwealth Games and the Olympic Games (Thomas & Smith, 2008). Many of these adaptive sports are performed separately from the regular sports events for instance; swimming, wheelchair dancing, wheelchair basketball, weightlifting among other sporting activities which the mentally and the physically disabled individuals can join. Studies have shown that the adaptive sports exhibits several benefits comprising of less stress, fewer subordinate medical disorders, and more independence. This paper discusses the adapted sport in an in-depth extent presenting its nature plus the distinct features it incorporates in general. Moreover, the issue of diversity and inclusion in games is also discussed and analyzed.
The Major Disability Sporting Events
Disabled Veterans
This is an organization which was founded by the United States Congress aimed for the disabled military veterans of the United States Armed Forces. Its program are devoted to inspiring, reassuring as well as sustaining involvement and competition for its members through partnerships with VA hospitals plus the local adaptive sports programs throughout the country.in every year; this Department typically hosts six national sporting occasions for disabled veterans who are qualified to participate (Tuakli-Wosornu & Derman, 2018). This organization is significant since it helps the members in improving their physical health and recognizing their capabilities in many sporting activities.
Disability Commonwealth Games
In 2002 in Manchester, several Para sports were encompassed in a wholly inclusive Sports Program, and this is regarded as the first time for this kind of competition to happen in the Games history. In the event, a total number of twenty countries were represented by both female and male select disabled athletes whereby, they were supposed to contest in ten events in different five Para-Sports which comprised of Lawn Bowls, Table Tennis, weightlifting, athletics besides swimming.
Paralympic Games
This is a multi-sport occasion for the contestants with mental, physical and sensorial infirmities. These infirmities include amputees, mobility disabilities, visual infirmities and those individuals with brainy palsy. These games are conducted after every four years, and they occur after the International Olympic Games. Disabled individuals well take the Paralympic sports since they make them be recognized in society.
Promoting Diversity in Sports
Sport’s participation is among the excellent ways of looking after one’s health. Through this practice, the jeopardy of cardiovascular problems as well as mental health problems is reduced, and thus an individual general life expectancy is increased and besides it involves a lot of fun. Being eliminated from participating in a specific game for example due to one’s race, belief, gender, culture, sexual orientation, age, and even infirmity can be utterly disheartening and could lead to lowering of an individual’s self-esteem (Lastuka & Cottingham 2016, p.746). Prejudice and disparities in games can, therefore, reduce opportunities and result in limiting diversity in sport and the society as a whole.
Diversity in sport is significant since it helps in recognizing and respecting the boundaries of another individual in the society. Moreover, it brings togetherness and wellbeing of people since they can share their diverse cultural and social beliefs. The issue of promoting diversity in sports starts right from the school where the schools are obliged to have some methods of making an effort of ensuring that every student is getting a fair and equal chance in the school’s game activities. Consequently, the sports club and gyms in schools should make an endless effort of identifying plus confronting prospective barriers in the school sports activities (Perret 2017, p.168). This includes tackling and discouraging some biased comments, changing the dress and sports code, for example, the wearing of hijab so that the hijab-wearing women will be able to participate in sports, incorporating some unique games instruments and facilities for the disabled. Moreover it substantial to train coaches to be able to work with disabled persons for instance like communicating with the deaf. All this will lead to good understanding as well as relations between different groups in the society since every individual will feel recognized and as a part of the community.
Inclusion in Sports for the Disabled Persons
In some past decades, UNESCO has targeted to achieve extensively the execution of the regulatory standard of integration at all the stages in the education sector globally. The idea that the member nations must guarantee a comprehensive education system at all the available stages is as well the main goalmouth of the United Nation Convention on the Rights of Persons living with Infirmities. Therefore this calls for inclusivity of the disabled individuals in many activities not only in schools but also in sports. The distinct aptitude of sports to surpass linguistic, social as well as cultural obstacles make this organization an excellent platform for policies besides adaptation. Additionally, the universal approval and popularity of sports in general and its social, physical plus economic improvement advantages, brands it as a perfect tool for fostering the inclusion and welfare of individuals with disabilities.
The disabled persons are usually faced with societal barriers, and hence their disability aspect typically evokes undesirable discernments in the communities. Due to the stigma which is characterized with a disability, these individuals are generally excluded from several sensitive sectors for example in employment, leadership, education and community life which and this usually denies them of opportunities which are indispensable for their social growth, health plus their wellbeing (DePauw & Gavron, 2005). Consequently, disabled individuals are regarded as dependent and hence are seen as incompetent in some societies. This leads to fostering their indolence which regularly causes them to undergo through some restricted mobility which is beyond the origin of their disability.
However, sports can help in lessening this discrimination plus stigma which is allied with disability phenomenon since it can change the community outlooks regarding the disabled individuals. This can be attained by stressing their skills besides decreasing the propensity to see the infirmity rather than the individual. Therefore through sports, for example, a person without a disability can interrelate with an individual with a disability in a constructive context making them reshape the assumptions concerning what a disabled person can do and what they cannot do. Therefore, sports transforms individuals with disabilities in an equally profound manner by empowering them towards realizing their full potential as well as encouraging for some change in the society. Sports teaches how to communicate effectively and also the importance of teamwork, respect as well as cooperation with others.
Moreover, sports are well-suited to help in decreasing dependence plus developing greater independence by assisting disabled persons to become mentally and physically stronger. Sports acts as a transformative tool, and it is important especially for women with disabilities because, in their daily activities, they usually feel and experience discrimination due to their disability nature as well as their gender. Studies suggest that 93% of women with disabilities are not taking part or being involved in the adapted sport and that there is only one-third of disabled women athletes who participates in the international competitions (Zabriskie et al., 2005). Therefore by providing the disabled women a platform and a chance to compete and showcase their physical ability, sports help decrease the gender stereotypes as well as the negative insights linked with women with infirmities.
In conclusion, as described in the above discussion adapted sports are meant for the disabled individuals, and they are of great significance since they make them improve their health through exercise and also to showcase some of their hidden talents. Moreover, they help the individuals to fit and be recognized in society, and more so they help them to interrelate well with other people. The issue of diversity is also discussed whereby diversity should be encouraged in sports in general as promoting diversity leads to the inclusion of all groups of individuals in sports without discrimination or bias. Therefore, the inclusivity of the disabled persons in games is vital and should be embraced.
References
DePauw, K. P., & Gavron, S. J. (2005). Disability sport. Human Kinetics.
Lastuka, A., & Cottingham, M. (2016). The effect of adaptive sports on employment among people with disabilities. Disability and rehabilitation, 38(8), 742-748.
Misener, L., & Darcy, S. (2014). Managing disability sport: From athletes with disabilities to inclusive organisational perspectives.
Perret, C. (2017). Elite-adapted wheelchair sports performance: a systematic review. Disability and rehabilitation, 39(2), 164-172.
Thomas, N., & Smith, A. (2008). Disability, sport and society: An introduction. Routledge.
Tuakli-Wosornu, Y. A., & Derman, W. (2018). Para and Adapted Sports Medicine, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America (Vol. 29, No. 2). Elsevier Health Sciences.
Winnick, J., & Porretta, D. (Eds.). (2016). Adapted Physical Education and Sport, 6E. Human Kinetics.
Zabriskie, R. B., Lundberg, N. R., & Groff, D. G. (2005). Quality of life and identity: The benefits of a community-based therapeutic recreation and adaptive sports program. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 39(3), 176.
Case study inn Research Project Title
Case study inn Research Project Title
Analysis of Spending More or Saving More: A Case Study of Hong Kong and Everyday Personal Finance during the PandemicPart 1 Approaching Methodology | Progress Log: Project Summary and Research Problem Statement
My research aims to explore the issue of personal finance, and specifically how daily spending or saving can have an impact during the current COVID-19 pandemic. My objective is to provide an answer to the question of whether spending more or saving more is the right strategy for Hong Kong residents. My research addresses the problem of personal finance, an issue that is very difficult for many people, especially in times of uncertainty. The problem affects every body in the world right now, however, my research will only focus on Hong Kong as a basis for my study. It is common knowledge that personal finance management is a hurdle for many people, particularly when an individual’s spending habits cannot be sustained by their income. Waliszewski & Warchlewska (2021) report that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the financial and professional environments, the disruptions caused present economic problems with increasing repercussions, requiring that people understand how to better manage their finances. While this assertion can be largely agreed with certainty, a problem exists regarding a study gap on what to do (or not do) in regards to personal fiancé management during a pandemic. The issue is made more complicated by the fact that the world has not witnessed another pandemic in the recent past, save for the global financial meltdown of 2008-2009, that was not as severe as the COVID-19 pandemic (Notteboom, Pallis, & Rodrigue, 2021). In this research design paper, an exploration of different cases in Hong Kong relating to personal finance management will be presented, using a case study approach, with data collected from secondary sources, and a thorough analysis based on the findings.
Part 2 | Asking Questions in Quantitative Research | Progress Log: Research Strategy and Methodological Approach
My research strategy and design type will be use of case studies. I have chosen case studies because of the nature of the problem I intend to address. More specifically, case studies are noted by Bennett (2004) to provide detailed information about a problem. I also see the use of case studies as an effective way to study a real issue and offer practical recommendations as they apply to people. My research design will also offer insight for future studies, allowing other interested parties to use my recommendations and findings towards the same goal. Additionally, personal finance management may involve a lot of ethical issues because every case is personal and different from the last. A case study approach will permit investigation into the spending or saving habits of people in Hong Kong, without necessarily diving into personal issues. I believe that any other research design would not allow collection of personal and detailed data as is the case with case studies. In addition to the above, a case study research design will facilitate conducting of research on a rare case such as the current research problem where a larger sample of similar categorization of participants may not be available (Ridder, 2017). How people manage their personal funds during the pandemic may not be the same for everyone, but the ideas can be generalized into different categories, where case studies will be more effective. Lastly, case studies will reduce the requirement to interact with many people in a time where social distancing and isolation are recommended.
My preferred methodology is a quantitative research approach. I have chosen this approach, first, because of how it matches with my research intentions. I intend to conduct research on a very large sample made up of Hong Kong residents. A quantitative approach will allow my study to make the broader study, include more subjects, and enable more generalization of the results obtained. Basias & Pollalis (2018) also noted that quantitative research methodology provides accuracy and objectivity because few variables are discussed since data relates to information that is close-ended. By using a case study design, the quantitative approach will also benefit from an easier and faster collection of data. As a result, the methodology will be cost effective and faster. By combining quantitative approach with a case study research design, my research will be able to different factors that affect the decision on whether to spend more or have more savings as a personal strategy for finance management. I have also chosen a quantitative approach because of how it reduces personal bias through randomized cases. My hypothesis is very specific based on the decision to spend or save more during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, a quantitative approach is best suited to provide basis for either of the two options in the hypothesis based on a very large sample and population. Additionally, the methodology will allow the research to be duplicated to other scenarios with the same facts and variables.
References
Basias, N., & Pollalis, Y. (2018). Quantitative and qualitative research in business & technology: Justifying a suitable research methodology. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 7, 91-105.
Bennett, A. (2004). Case study methods: Design, use, and comparative advantages. Models, numbers, and cases: Methods for studying international relations, 19-55.
Notteboom, T., Pallis, T., & Rodrigue, J. P. (2021). Disruptions and resilience in global container shipping and ports: the COVID-19 pandemic versus the 2008–2009 financial crisis. Maritime Economics & Logistics, 1-32.
Ridder, H. G. (2017). The theory contribution of case study research designs. Business Research, 10(2), 281-305.
Waliszewski, K., & Warchlewska, A. (2021). How we can benefit from personal finance management applications during the Covid-19 pandemic? The polish case. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(3), 681.
Movie Summary Blood Work
Movie Summary: Blood Work
Name
Course
Tutor
Date
Blood Work
This is a two thousand and two American film directed and produced by Clint Eastwood. The film stars Clint Eastwood as Terry McCaleb, Wanda De Jesus acting as Graciella Rivers, Anjelica Huston acting as Dr. Bonnie Fox, Jeff Daniels acting as Jasper Noone ‘Buddy and Tina lifford as Jaye Winston who is a detective. The film falls under the genre of thriller movies. It is a crime thriller detective film where there is a serial killer and murder investigation.
Terry McCaleb is a retired FBI profiler who had a heart transplant. He is elderly, ailing feeble and lived in Los Angles harbor in a boat. He is unable to drive and takes a regular nap. He is hired to investigate the death of Gloria who is Graciella Rivers’s sister. Graciella Rivers tells him that he is living because he received Gloria’s heart and that he must investigate her murder (00:12:43). Gloria donated her heart to Terry McCaleb after she was shot. He feels he has an obligation of tracking down the murderer since he has no choice (Clint 00:13: 21). He is on recovery and enjoying the retirement in the houseboat. Terry defies the advice from Dr. Bonnie Fox his cardiologist (Clint 00:33, 00:34) and starts the investigation of the murder with the help of Buddy Noone and detective Jayne Winston.
Terry is physically impaired which makes the investigating harder for him than before. Since he is unable to drive, he persuades Buddy Noone to ferry him. Terry is a competent detective and a celebrity of a kind since he has earned a reputation of tracking killers. This is not any different and he is able to deduce that the killer could be serial killer who had staged Gloria’s death to seem as if it was a random robbery. Terry is determined irrespective of the defiant attitude of the police detectives John Waller and Ronaldo Arrango who thinks that he wants to exult himself with the findings (Clint 00:21, 00:58).
Terry identifies the serial killer from the records of the previous murder (Clint 00:20:27). The investigation is dangerous and involves hunting the serial killer who had been thought that he has been dead. Terry is so determined to succeed with the investigation at the expense of his health. Terry dreams being attacked and shot severally by the suspect wearing a mask (Clint 00:31). The identity of the killer is quite unexpected. Graciella wants to seek justice for her nephew who is now orphaned and for herself. She has been frustrated by the case delay due to law enforcement bureaucracy. The homicide pains her so much and she wants to know the reason behind it (Clint 01:00). The scenes are accompanied thrilling sound as the serial killer is tracked down.
Serial killers
The murderer in the movie is identified as serial killer who has been involved in a number of previous murders. A serial killer is a person who kills more than three people with separated time for the next murder and is driven by psychological gratification. The serial killers often have sexual motives, thrill, anger, attention and financial gain (Schmid 35). Usually, the murders are a lot similar with the victims being of same sex, age, appearance, race and occupation. They display abnormal behavior with memory disorders. Some are drug addicts. Visionary serial killers are characterized by psychotic absence from reality imitating other people and compelled to kill. Serial killers who are mission geared try to change the society by eradicating individuals whom they think are undesirable such as prostitutes, homosexuals, particular religion or ethnicity (Holmes & Stephen p12). Serial killers are antisocial and feel no remorse towards their victims. They don’t learn from previous encounters.
Hedonistic killers are thrilled and find pleasure in killing. They kill for comfort, thrill and lust. Lust serial killers derive gratification from mutilation and torture as a fantasy for sexual satisfaction. Thrill killers induce pain and cause terror to their victims and are excited and stimulated by their actions due to the adrenaline rush. They perfect their murder strategy believing that they will never be caught. They may kill through strangling, asphyxiating, hanging, drowning. Slashing or stabbing. Other killers kill for material gain and comfort and are usually close acquaintances. These are mostly female killers and waits for some period before they kill again. Others kill to gain power and control and are mostly victims of child abuse with low self esteem (Holmes & Stephen p.12&13)
Profiling Serial Killers
Investigative profilers help to narrow investigations. The science started in United States and has been developing and is refined as a tool of investigation Profiling involves examining the crime critically in forensics. Profiling helps in solving crime mystery and is done professionally. Law enforcement unit has to collaborate with the medical and academic professionals. They assesses the psychological and behavior of serial killers. The framework of profiling should be flexible. It uses investigative tool with limited leads. It provides direction to a given investigation and psychological insight while conducting interviews. Profiling offer psychological advice for juries and witnesses (Hickey, 366)
Profiling helps to develop systematic tracking of mysterious serial killers and facilitate jurisdiction’s communication involved in the cases of serial murder. Profiling is a useful tool which applies critique investigative follow-up, forensic collection of evidence and sampling. It assists in giving insight to explain a certain criminal behavior and crime itself to corroborate evidence. Offender profiling involves collection of data by the law enforcers by use of anecdotal information or case studies. They transform the data into descriptions which are general and associate it to individuals committing a particular crime. This form is invasive and could be legally tenuous and misleading. Profiling takes various forms to assist in investigation of serial murders. These are scientific empirical profiling and geographical profiling and both helps in attaining g accurate and precise scientific investigation (Hickey p.367)
From the movie, the detectives use the previous murder records to track the serial killer. The killer was present in the crime scene and Terry had seen him (00:56). He stocks his victims and kills them on camera. The link between the murder victims was blood they both had donated blood they had similar blood type. Since Terry has had professional experience in profiling at the FBI, he quite easily points out the killer from the previous records.
Justice in the Movie
The serial killer in the movie does not face justice for his actions. He likes to play games with the detective and his cunningness is unveiled. The killer is not put to death as he deserves. This shows that justice was not achieved for Gloria’s son as well as for Graciella who are still mourning the death of their loved one. Identifying the serial killer as done by Terry McCaleb is not enough. The killer should have faced a death sentence and murdered in similar way he does. Graciella and her nephew are left in a state of loneliness missing Gloria. There is no enough justice that could compensate the death of their loved one.
Works Cited:
Clint Eastwood. Blood Work Movie. DVD. 1h 45m55s: 2002.
Hickey, Eric W. Serial Murderers and Their Victims. (5Ed) USA:Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2010.
Holmes, M. Ronald, Stephen T. Holmes. Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder. USA: Sage Publications, 1998.
Schmid, David Natural Born Celebrities: Serial Killers in American Culture.University of Chicago Press. 2007.
,