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Design strategy of E-commerce
Design strategy of E-commerce
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Task 1
Revenue model is a design strategy of e-commerce used to demonstrate models of sales, company products, services and revenue forecasts of accompany. Revenue models also play an important role in value appropriation. It complements business model design just like product design can be complemented by pricing strategy. The statements of cash flow in accompany can thus be demonstrated using revenue model through the development of account receivable (Zott and Amit, 2010).
The first website, that is, www.souq.com comprises of revenue model that can be used for online shopping. This includes selling Microsoft products such as Windows ultimate and other services. The revenue model in this site also permits buying and exchange of goods in a market. Other models demonstrated here include those of Hp laptops, notebooks, other blackberry products among others. Hostels with traditional retail and dining experience, business and holiday travels as well as tourism are some of the services demonstrated using revenue model within this site. Others include shipment and advertisement of various goods and services.
The second web site- www.dubizzle.com contains a number of things. There is the issue of business and economy with ranch model and a variety of internet services for building traffic and revenue generation. The site also demonstrates the portfolio experience model along with art model for photography portfolio. The site also demonstrates the model for city exhibitions and forums. Moreover, advertisement business such as careers and job vacancies are part of models illustrated in the web site through revenue model.others includes data concerning page visits, page views, earnings in addition to evaluation of site value. Others are cars and property model advertisement.
The third web site which is www.dailymotion.com illustrate business model for revenue share through perfect online business model. The services for video streaming based on results are also described. The streaming services illustrated are such that everyone can earn although recruitment is optional. The site also illustrates the issue of enriching the web content and maximizing revenue by embedding daily motion videos on the given site for payments. There is also sales model for selling streaming services without having to be based on bandwidth and time on the system. Another revenue model is that of increasing advertising revenue directly from the daily motion’s library as well as empowering publishers to their sites by the daily Motion Matchbox. Also included is the implementation of the crowd funded revenue model.
Task 2
Site 1: http://eiilmuniversity.ac.in/coursepack/Computing/Electronic_Governance.pdfThis site identifies government to consumer e-commerce applications for UAE. The web site used for this information gives one article published at Eiilm University in India. The Article is entiled,”Electronic Governance”. The site is therefore relevance given that this article describes various information delivery methods, one of which is government to customer/consumer delivery. Non internet e-government application has been mentioned in this article. The examples of non internet e-government include telephone, fax, SMS, PDAs, MMS, wireless networks, Bluetooth, CCTV, biometric identifications, tracking systems and many others. Internet examples include regulatory services, general holidays, public hearing schedules, issue briefs, notifications, and others (Jorethang, 2013).
Site 2: http://arxiv.org/abs/1105.6358
This is a scholarly web site which explains innovative approach for e-government transformation in UAE government. The article,”An innovative approach for e-Government transformation” in this site further gives relevant explanation on how technology is employed to facilitate services to the citizens and customers. E-government is explained in this case as the use of technology by governments for the advancement of government service access to citizens and to permit citizens to make online dealings. Web based internet applications is used to facilitate such online transactions for government to customer service delivery. Quick advancement in technology and the coming on of these internet applications made public expectations to be redefined concerning government services. This technology has led to elimination of paper transactions. The success of these government services is dependent on the assumption of sound infrastructure for telecommunication (Al-Khouri, 2011).
Site 3: http://eiilmuniversity.ac.in/coursepack/Computing/Electronic_Governance.pdfThis website, same as the one given previously as site 1 also give an additional application used for service delivery to consumers by the government. This application is the customer relationship management (CRM) system (Jorethang, 2013).
Task 3
Site: http://www.must.edu.eg/Publications/Businees_Res5.pdfThis is a scholarly source web site. It offers one article that describes business to business e-commerce applications used in UAE. The article,” The Impact of E-commerce on Developed and Developing Countries” is a case study taken from Egypt and the United states.
Business to business e-commerce takes place between businesses. The dealings are often conducted using electronic data interchange (EDI) applications. EDI permits extra transparency among the stakeholder businesses thereby enhancing efficiency. EDI is normally a standard format for communicating business related data. It is therefore a form of e-commerce that includes fax and email for transactions. It is only used by parties that know one another well so that arrangements for one to one link can be completed through dial up. Electronic data interchange is a computer to computer, inter-organizational exchange of documents for business (Zeinab, 2012).
Site: http:// home.utm.utoronto.ca/jmt/260web_tanjuakioJoyce/CCT260WebSite/page5.html.
This website is also important since it has been used by the author of the article mentioned above in the EDI case. The site thus gives additional application among others which can be used for business to business communication for enhancing transactions in the field of e-commerce.
Electronic funds transfer system (EFTS) is one of the application mentioned in this site. The application is very useful in optimizing electronic payments. These type of payments are equipped with electronically remittance information. This system can therefore be used to send financial electronic information from say, one bank to the other without handling cash. In other words, EFTS has led to cashless society (Zeinab, 2012).
Task 4
If a company happen to copy the car advertisements from dubizzle.com and paste on their own website – to attract more users, then the question of whether, then the question of whether there is any ethical or legal concern in it can be argued out from the point of view of Rules for Ethical Decision. These rules include the utilitarian rule, moral rights rule, justice rule and practical rule. The utilitarian rule is where an act becomes ethical when it produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This means that managers should consider how the action of copying car advertisement from another company can harm or benefit different stakeholders involved. The action that offers the highest benefit or least harm to stakeholders is then chosen (Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2014).
The moral rights rule considers an action to be ethical if the action maintains or protects the basic or unchallengeable rights of the people. This means that the action that guards people’s rights to liberty, life, security, property, privacy, free speech and freedom of beliefs is ethical. The rule is thus based on the opinion of doing well to others if you too expect them to do the same to you. In the justice rule, if an act can distribute benefit and harm among people and groups, in affair way, then it is considered ethical. This implies that managers in this case have to compare and contrast alternative courses of action. This comparison will depend on the level to which result in equitable distribution of outcome to stakeholders. As a result, if the act of copying advertisement harms any of the stakeholders more than the other or benefits the other stakeholder less than the other, then it should be avoided (Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2014).
The practical rule comes in where the rights, interests, goals and incentives of various stakeholders are at conflict. In this case, an act will thus be considered ethical if a manager has no hesitation about communicating to society since the typical person will think it is acceptable. In other words, it is ethical if the action falls within the acceptable values or standards that typically apply in the current business situation. Second, it is ethical if the person making the decision is willing to see the action communicated to all people and groups affected. Lastly, it is ethical if the people with whom the decision maker has significant personal relationship such as managers in other organizations can approve the action. This rule is thus more general as opposed to the first three which mainly applies in sorting out the ethics of a particular course of action (Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2014).
References
Zott, Christoph, and Raphael Amit. “Business model design: an activity system perspective.” Range planning 43.2 (2010): 216-226.
Jorethang. (2013).”Electronic Governance”, Eiilm University, District Namchi, Sikkim- 737121, online: Available at:
http://eiilmuniversity.ac.in/coursepack/Computing/Electronic_Governance.pdfAl-Khouri, Ali M. “An innovative approach for e-Government transformation.” arXiv preprint arXiv: 1105.6358 (2011).
Zeinab Mohamed El Gawady, “The Impact of E-commerce on Developed and Developing Countries Case Study: Egypt and United States”, phD, Dept. Business & economics, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza-Egypt, 2012.
Ferrell, Odies C., and John Fraedrich. “Business ethics: Ethical decision making & cases. “Cengage Learning, 2014.
(Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2014).
The Moonlight Film
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The Moonlight Film
The film industry in the United States is considered as one of the most developed film industries across the globe. The United States was the first country in the world where moving pictures were shown in theatres in late 19th century. Since then, the industry has grown tremendously. The United States produces close to eight hundred new Hollywood movies every year more than any other nation in the world. Film industry in the United States depicts the cultural practices of the people and the evolution of these cultural practices over the years. When the moving pictures were first shown in cinemas in 19th century, the common genre were comic plays but, that changed over the years and more genres including action and drama movies were introduced. Still, majority of the people who featured in these movies were white people. Film industry has grown in the United States shaping the cultural practices in the country over the years and many movies now feature the people of color as the lead characters.
Before late 20th century, black people at the time were going through the struggle of demanding for equal rights and observers intimate that there were more compelling issues that these people were more concerned about than just movies. However, it is critical to note that most of them were greatest fans of the moving pictures and most of the cinemas were actually in their neighborhood. This was because of the resistance from the white community who mentioned that the introduction of entertainment in their neighborhood would attract criminals and drug peddlers. The first African-American to make a movie in 1919 was Oscar Micheaux who resorted to establishing his own production company to make movies that would tell the African story. There were a lot of restriction imposed on the people of color and Micheaux took advantage of the popular motion pictures that were gaining moment in early 20th century. However, it is critical to note that few black people started acting in movies and the number progressively increased throughout the century (Balio).
Moonlight is a drama movie that features a young black boy living with his mother in a poor neighborhood. Chiron and his mother Paula live in Miami, a crime ridden neighborhood due to the drugs that is peddled in the area. The film starts by portraying Chiron as a young boy who struggles to find himself in a place where he is isolated and mistreated by his own mother. The mother is a crack addict who does not care about the welfare of his son. Chiron is bullied by other boys in school and the only friend he has is another black boy named Kelvin who stands with him despite being bullied by everyone else in school. Chiron finally meets Juan who takes him to his girlfriend Teresa and guides him through life and what is has to do to carve his own path. Although Juan was the drug dealer peddling drugs in Miami, this does not stop him from displaying the human side of him as a person. Moonlight has several distinct themes that are exhibited throughout the movie. These themes include masculinity, sexuality, love, race, family and identity.
The themes portrayed in the Moonlight Film tells the greater American story which makes it one of the most significant movies in 21st century. One of the notable themes in the movie is the struggle that the people of color go through in the neighborhood. Chiron who is a young black boy is abused by his colleagues in school because of the color of his skin. Chiron is too young to understand what is going on and he could not even run to his mother who was equally abusive. Finally, Chiron finds refuge in Juan’s house who guides him through the challenges he was going through. This is a story that many black people can relate to in the history if America. Historically, most of the black people have always lived in poor neighborhood that is characterized with drugs and crime. Therefore, it is not a surprise that Moonlight features black people as the main characters and portrays the kind of life that these people live in their neighborhood. Another notable theme in the movie is the act of masculinity that is displayed through the main characters. Chiron suffers abuses from his colleagues in school and even at home, he is abused by his own mother. One of the scenes where masculinity is depicted is when Kelvin tells Chiron to stop giving his abusers the pleasure to abuse him instead, he should fight and defend himself. The themes of love and family is also evident in the film. Although Chiron was neglected and abused by his own mother, he eventually finds love in Juan’s home. Teresa admits him in her house and takes care of him like his own son. This is a depiction of love. The theme of family is also depicted through Chiron’s family which is broken and the mother is a carnal drug abuser who does not care about the welfare of her son (Jordan and Brooms, 137).
In film industry there are rules and regulations that should be adhered to by the film makers to ensure that the film meets the standards and conveys the intended message. However, Moonlight disobeyed most the set rules and regulations and still managed to attract millions of viewers across the world. The movie also won a lot of academy awards. One of the rules that the movie defied is that it does not have a lot of inciting incidences that would attract viewers and leave them clued to their screens. Ideally, a drama movie should have compelling incidences that attracts viewers. Moonlight is also not a plot oriented movie. The movie concentrates more on character development before the plot is actually understood by viewers. Chiron is developed in three different scenarios where he goes through phases of growth and this takes the central part of the movie. When the movie starts, it does not explicitly telegraph the direction that the film would take and this leaves many viewers in suspense. It is also slow when it starts before gaining momentum as it progresses.
One of the central theme that causes a lot of controversy in the film is the queer identity that is depicted through Chiron and his friend Kelvin. In the United States, gays have often been associated with white people but the Moonlight movie draws a different approach and incorporates black people who are in love with each other. The director of the movie cleverly uses black actors to dismiss the stereotype that people have held for unusually long time regarding the queer family. Chiron struggles to find his identity because of the color of his skin and this act tells the American story where people of color who are part of the queer family have struggled to fit into the community partly because of the stereotype associated with gay and also because of the reception they receive from their fellow black people. According to Randolph (383), “It is always a strange sensation seeing oneself on the screen. If you are a straight white man, then this sensation is probably common and pedestrian. If you are a queer black man, then the sensation is arresting and reflective.” Despite the controversy surrounding one of the themes in the movie, the film was received positively around the world. It is a movie that depicts one’s innermost self and that one needs to rediscover and find themselves in life. The movie was also embraced by the queer family and taunted as one of the bravest films in 21st century. One of the misconception that people have had about the queer family is that it is predominantly white but this movie defuses that notion.
In conclusion, Moonlight film won several awards. One of the awards that moonlight won was the academy award for best pictures. It is evident that despite the movies departure from most of the conventional rules that guides a film’s pictures, Moonlight still won an award. Equally, the movie also won academy award for best writing. From the reception that the movie received, it is clear it had been written and executed well. The movie also won MTV Movie award for the best kiss. In the same year, the movie won several other accolades. Evidently, Moonlight is one of the best Movies in the 21st century that explains the pain of seeking to identify oneself amid racial discrimination and biases associated with one’s identity. According to Raunig “To be afforded a window into another consciousness is a gift that only art can give. To know Chiron is a privilege”
Work Cited
Balio, Tino, ed. The American film industry. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
Raunig, C. “Who is you?” on “Moonlight”, Chiron, and Identity
Jordan, Eric A., and Derrick R. Brooms. “Black and Blue: Analyzing and Queering Black Masculinities in Moonlight.” Living Racism: Through the Barrel of the Book 137 (2017).
Randolph, Robert. “Moonlight.” Queer Studies in Media & Pop Culture 2.3 (2017): 383-388.
The Mona Lisa painting is one of the most amazing and most eye-catching work of art that compels an individual to look in app
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The Mona Lisa painting is one of the most amazing and most eye-catching work of art that compels an individual to look in appreciation of beauty. The Mona Lisa is perhaps one of Leonardo Da Vinci’s most famous paintings as it is well known by a majority of individuals all over the globe (Keele, 2014). The painting is most famous due to the elegant smile of a woman, to which individuals have been trying to solve for a lengthy time. A majority of the people believe that the portrait is that of Da Vinci himself while others have placed a lot of mystic connections with the painting. The painting depicts a woman’s bust with a distant landscape to which is visible in the backdrop. A pyramid design was used by Leonardo to install the woman in a simple and a calm manner within the painting. The woman in the painting is shown with her hands folded, with her face, neck and the breasts painted the same color as her hands. The light is diffused such that the various curves as well as her geometrical shapes on the painting are made to be more visible through it. It is probable that the most exciting thing about the painting is that of the woman’s smile, with many believing that it is innocent and inviting, while others believe that it is that of smugness and can be termed as a smirk. A lot of scientific studies have been conducted to determine the exact nature of the smile but the real reasons have remained to be a mystery. It is believed that each person has a different view upon seeing the smile on the portrait due to the changes of the lighting to which were presented by Leonardo. The woman is shown seated in an open area, and behind her is a vast landscape receding to an icy mountain. There are some winding paths and a bridge far away can be seen from the painting.
Through the Mona Lisa painting, Leonardo Da Vinci became the first painter to use the aerial perspective to depict a sitter before an imaginary landscape in a portrait (Shlain, 2014). The mysterious and enigmatic woman is seated in an open loggia as the painting portrays each side of the portrait containing dark pillar bases. The clothing and hair of the woman create a series of sensual curves that echoes into the rivers and the undulating valleys behind her. Leonardo is a creative painter as his calmness and style have been characterized in the paintings of graceful figures, outlines, light and dark, dramatic contrast as well as the overall feeling that is displayed by the Mona Lisa painting. Since the Mona Lisa painting does not represent a real woman but an ideal woman, a majority of the people argue that it should be considered a traditional portrait as it depicts harmony connecting and linking the nature with humanity through the faint smile. The face in the painting has no visible hair, neither eyebrows nor eyelashes and research have shown that during Mona Lisa’s time, the facial hair was considered unsightly and most genteel women used to pluck them out to conform to their societal norms.
The painting is set within a mountainous landscape that illustrates the ability of the artist to resent heavily shaded model most softly. The figure of the woman in the painting along with her expression are the most significant features of the painting. The expression of Mona Lisa has been described as being both alluring and aloof, and this is the justification of the mysteries to which surround the painting and as a result provide it with a universal frame and look (Hales, 2014). Several themes have emanated from the painting of Mona Lisa, and some of them include aesthetics as well as the philosophical thoughts. The woman in the painting has as well been described as being a soft subject that is perfectly portrayed by the artist. Besides the thematic significance of the painting, it has also been used by the advertisers to illustrate the various thoughts and arouse the desired feelings amongst the consumers.
The Mona Lisa portrait is said to have taken Da Vinci three years before its completion in 1503 (Garrard, 2018). The woman in the portrait as presented by Leonardo is said to be the wife of Francesco Del Giocondo, a famous merchant from the region of Florence and the woman in the painting is therefore inferred to be Lisa Gherardini. Nonetheless, there are debates and mysteries surrounding the painting to which have not been resolved to current times. Significantly is the fact that the painting has been significantly admired since the time of creation. The portrait has also been described as a renaissance portrait, and its fame grew at the time it was stolen in the year 1911 from Salon Carre and later retrieved from Florence. It is therefore through Mona Lisa as depicted by Leonardo that it becomes evident as to how a work of art could be so significant in the communication, engagement of the audience and as well as eliciting the various thematic concerns and feelings in a very significant manner. The painting is a fantastic piece of art, and therefore one should take a look at it so that they can appreciate the full beauty depicted by the work. The picture is with no doubt has been used to grace a majority of the magazines and objects as well as souvenirs due to its significant beauty.
References
Garrard, M. D. (2018). Leonardo da Vinci: female portraits, female nature. In The Expanding Discourse (pp. 58-85). Routledge.
Hales, D. (2014). Mona Lisa: A Life Discovered. Simon and Schuster.
Keele, K. D. (2014). Leonardo da Vinci’s Elements of the science of man. Academic Press.
Shlain, L. (2014). Leonardo’s Brain: Understanding Da Vinci’s Creative Genius. Rowman & Littlefield.