Recent orders
Police Officers Of World Paper
Police Officers Of World Paper
Military action against SyriaThe Obama administration moved fifth destroyers containing travel missiles into the Mediterranean Sea and the administration is prepared to take restricted punishing military action against Syria for presumed usage of chemical arms by Bashar al-Assad’s regime. White house declassified evidence which revealed that Assad’s forces indeed used poisonous gas attack against the civilians and killed over 1,300 civilians. In the year 2011 president Obama set the “red line” stating that use of chemical arms will not be accepted in Syrian civil war, which has raged for more than two years and has caused death of 100,000 civilian. However, with Britain refusal to give support to a retaliatory strike, some Congress members are wondering whether use of chemical arms is an automatic justification for America to enter into war. In 1925, following large-scale use of tear gas, nerve gas, as well as other deadly agents in World War 1, nations signed the Geneva protocol prohibiting use of gas as the means of warfare on the grounds. Using chemical arms is a war crime under Statute of International Criminal Court.
Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020636” Military action against Syria PAGEREF _Toc377020636 h 1
HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020637” War on terrorism PAGEREF _Toc377020637 h 1
HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020638” Two factors that propelled America into a dominant military and diplomatic force after World War II PAGEREF _Toc377020638 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020639” American foreign policy before and after World War II PAGEREF _Toc377020639 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020640” How justifications for America’s involvement during World War II still play a role in America military action abroad. PAGEREF _Toc377020640 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc377020641” Fundamental ways in which the rise of the United States to a world superpower has shaped the country’s responses to PAGEREF _Toc377020641 h 4
War on terrorismOver the past decade, the al Qaeda has developed a practice of utilizing operatives with legal entrance to the United States and Western nations to aim their nations of origin; for instance, al-Qaeda organized American legal permanent inhabitant Najibullah Zazi to attack New York City in 2009. Counterterrorism efforts against the al Qaeda in Pakistan began with the Operation Enduring Freedom in the year 2001. The operation has resulted in loss of key trainers and leaders thus, making it difficult for al Qaeda to communicate, train operatives, and transfer funds. America has significant successes in fighting terrorism threat, the most visible be that of May 2, 2011 that led to death of Osama Bin Ladin the leader of al Qaeda.
Two factors that propelled America into a dominant military and diplomatic force after World War IIAfter World War II, the United States military force faced numerical peaks during the early days of the Cold War and later in Vietnam, the entire number of aircraft declined swiftly with a drawdown in Asia and a collapse of Soviet empire. As the capacity of air force shrank under fiscal and strategic guidance, the military force shifted from quality to quantity and emphasized on fewer aircrafts. This approach worked well as Air Force together with defense industry continued modifying aircrafts with the changing sophisticated sensors and exactness weapons.
The 1974 Brookings research on United States tactical air concluded that tactical air forces received fewer aircrafts, and modernization was happening slowly since the emphasis on United States conventional competences was renewed at beginning of 1960s. The turn to conventional prevention was prompted by the national military strategy of a “Flexible Response,” that departed from nuclear-intensive “New Look” of the Eisenhower Administration.
American foreign policy before and after World War IIImmediately after World War I, United States dug a deep hole of the economic despair, after this despair the country was not willing to be hurt again by another war. However, fifteen years before World WAR II, America’s foreign policy became isolationist. The country sought to keep itself out of problems around the world. To support this position, many historical legislations and actions were presented. Some of legislations that supported the American isolationism were Immigration Acts, which stated how many people from every race should migrate to America.
After World War II, the foreign policy greatly changed. America realized that has the responsibility of promoting peace in the world. Passage of Marshall Plan was the greatest type of isolationism after the war, because America agreed to give funds to “war-torn” countries in Europe. The foreign policies of America before and after World War II immensely differed. These two completely different periods in history needed two entirely different courses of action. America was isolationist before World War II but after the war, America was an intervener.
How justifications for America’s involvement during World War II still play a role in America military action abroad.After World War II, America became committed to an active internationalist agenda and pursued it even before the Soviet Union emerged as the ideological and geopolitical rival. Although interventionists promoted humanitarian reasons for United States involvement, they understood their main arguments in terms of maintenance a set of values that have been associated with the world order. These principles include preserving the inviolability of borders, punishing aggression, and preventing instability. In year 1966 John McNaughton, the defense secretary observed that it required some sophistication to understand how Vietnam automatically involved America interests. Just like the case of Vietnam, arguments for America’s intervention in the Balkans were so complex that they made sense only in the broader context of a United States pursuit of world order, which will safeguard purported economic and strategic interests. The main justification of why America involved itself World War II was that America believed that “good guys” win, while “bad guys” lose, and that in the international affairs “good nations win wars,” while “bad nations lose the war. In this view, Americans were encouraged to believe that America role in defeating Japan and Germany demonstrated righteousness of “American way” and superiority of United States society and government.
Fundamental ways in which the rise of the United States to a world superpower has shaped the country’s responses toDomestic spending
On the domestic front, after World War II the America economy grew swiftly, with broad spread prosperity, increase in wages, and movement of many farmers to cities and towns. After the war, America reconverted the war machine back to consumer culture within a short period and created jobs for over 12 million veterans. Most people enjoyed larger houses, higher wages, better schools, and home comforts such as washing machines and vacuum cleaners.
Fourth Amendment protections
After America became a superpower, the election rules were amended and a candidate who managed to win the highest number of nationwide votes but fail to win the highest number of votes in Electoral College could not become the American president. Amendments were made that gave independence to three arms of governments and the president was denied the power to dissolve Congress and call for special elections. Declaration of Independence established the United States as an independent political entity, and constitution created the basic structure of federal government. United States ‘whipping system’ was introduced that instructed members of the House of representative and senate on the way to vote.
Americans’ choice of leaders in Congress and White House
Considerations influence voting patterns of Congress members include;
Constituent views: Congress members regularly visit their districts or states to remain in touch with constituent views. Some pay greater attention than another does, even though they all consider the constituent views.
Party views: The congress is normally organized along party lines; therefore, party membership is a major determinant of the member vote. It amazes that senators and representatives vote along party lines.
Personal views: People who believe that the personal views are important argue that individuals vote for candidates they think have respectable judgment. Representatives therefore exercise their personal views freely.
Controversies on Endangered Species.
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Controversies on Endangered Species.
The term endangered species is use to describe an animal that is at risk of going extinct. A million years ago, planet earth was not as it is now. There was a wider forest cover that provided habitat to various animals. According to scientific research, dragons once roamed on earth but now they are extinct creatures. There is a list of animals that have now been classified as the endangered species. If a question is posed on whether more should be done to save the endangered species, many are going to say yes. However, we seem not to understand that it is the human action and activities that is contributing to the extinction of these animals. This paper will look in what it actually costs to protect the endangered species and how actions taken in preservation of species tend to have adverse effects on humans.
The question that constantly lingers on my mind as I think about endangered species is if there is any benefit that comes in protecting an animal species that is actually dying out. With a balance in ecosystem both in the animal human world, the scientists have often stated that it helps in purifying their environment. However, this may equally not be true, in the purification of air that we breath, the plants help in that and I probably would advocate for planting of more trees as well as preserving the forest as compared to animals. In a research conducted in 2012, approximately $76 billion was used in the preservation of only land endangered species meaning if marine animals were to be added to the list the numbers would be higher. In a world where we see 100 of children dying due to lack of basic commodities like food and water, I do feel that the money that was pumped in helping endangered species should have been used in saving humanity instead (Brockington, pg. 411-432).
It is at times quite hard to understand why we are championing for preservation of animals like wolves which cause harm to humans as well as the livestock. In a world where some environmental conservationist would argue there needs to be a balance, I feel that we would be better off without some animals. As humans, we are living in an era where there are so much technological advances and in order for a country to develop, they have to ensure they build infrastructure including roads, railways and exploit their natural resources including mining. However, conservationist is always against such things. In Kenya, for example, while they were building their Standard Gauge Railway, there was a lot of uproar that it will pass in the park and cause disruption of the animal life. But how about the time that was cut as it used to be 10-15 hours by road and now it will only take 4hrs and 30 minutes. Although it is true the railway may have caused disruption of wildlife, business will definitely improve in Kenya leading to a rise in economic power.
Position of preserving animals and endangered species seems too often come from a position of both privilege and luxury. Conservationist in the western world who are often moneyed are biggest advocators of preserving species including lions and tigers. But a rural villager in India will list the number of times they have suffered attacks from these animals (Marshall). There are children who do not have limbs because of a lion attack that happened while herding cattle. This child too does not have money to pay for his fees as well as cater for his medical needs, yet there is money being donated to protect the animal that did attack him. If you ask the amount these victims get as compensation from attacks, it is so little when compared to what is given in the preservation of these animals.
Endangered species and its extinction can also be seen as a natural selection process. In evolution, natural selection plays a big role in ensuring only the fit or organisms that can adapt to the harsh environment get to reproduce passing their best traits to their offspring’s. Humans have played a big role in evolution and in some instances, they are the cruel and unforgiving environment such other species need to evolve in order to survive. One such evolution that has been witnessed is on the elephants losing their tasks. Poaching for years has been a threat to wildlife and most hunt down elephants for their tasks as they are worth so much. However recently more elephants are being born without tasks especially in Africa. Scientists have noted that there is a generation of elephants being born with no or small tasks (Steenkamp, pg. 75-80). As more female are often tuskless, they get to survive and live for long compared to their male counterparts, and they end up reproducing tuskless offspring. This means, without even pumps being pumped into saving endangered species like elephants, they are finding a way to survive and we should let natural selection take its course.
I believe extinction of animals is a natural process. For example, dinosaurs became extinct even before natural human activities such as building roads and buildings begun. Some of these animals are dangerous and attack humans despite the fact that we blame humans for encroaching the animal corridor. We may agree on taking measures to plant more trees and plants as a way of preserving the environment, but in matters of extinction, let the natural process take its cause
Works CitedBrockington, Dan. “Community conservation, inequality and injustice: Myths of power in protected area management.” Conservation and society 2.2 (2004): 411-432.
Marshall, Michael. “Earth – What Is the Point of Saving Endangered Species?” BBC, BBC, 14 July 2015, www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150715-why-save-an-endangered-species.
Steenkamp, G., S.M. Ferreira, and M.N. Bester. Tusklessness and tusk fractures in free-ranging African savanna elephants (Loxodonta Africana). J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc. 78: 2007. 75-80.
Police Leadership in The General Directorate of Abu Dhabi Police situated in Abu Dhabi
Police Leadership
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Organizational Purpose
The General Directorate of Abu Dhabi Police situated in Abu Dhabi is one of the police agencies in the region that offers considerable service to the people and the country at large. In conjunction with other organizations and agencies it’s able to undertake its mandate and offer security service in the area under its jurisdiction. The mission of the organization is to preserve security stability to the region and the country at large, offer crime reduction provision an reduction or the removal of the sense of fear amid the people of Abu Dhabi as well as the entire region close to its services or jurisdiction. In addition, GHQ has a unique mission that offers attainment justice among the people or the general public.
The vision of the organization is to thrive as a security and police force that is more effective and efficient in the areas of responding to the needs of the people and the society at large with the highest level of training and integrity for the sake of the nation and its people. GHQ is works in accordance to various values in order to develop integrity, respect, and honesty for human rights. As a result of this, it is able to offer service to the society as well as the people in the right framework and manner to depict security and law enforcement functions. The organizations offers service fairly as well as deals with people kindly, tactfully and in a reasonable manner. The organization promotes teamwork because it appreciates groups and individuals in achievement of organizational goals and objectives.
With consideration of the working department (Security Information Department) we concentrate on two core goals or objectives:
The department grant access and privileges for government employees on the police related applications
The department makes random auditing on those users to check if there is any abuse.
The department ensures that the employees work in accordance to the mission and vision of the organization as well as maintain a considerable organizational strategy in various ways; first, the organizations trains its personnel in a unique way to promote understanding of the goals. Their goals are intertwined with the organization mission and vision hence very easy for them to tear the line based on this two. Secondly, the GHQ offers refresher military and paramilitary courses to its personnel. This always acquaints them to remain vigilant to the organization mission, vision and strategy.
Team Purpose
The department I work with has two main purposes that is: the department grant access and privileges for government employees on the police related applications and two, the department makes random auditing on those users to check if there is any abuse. In order to constantly communicate this purposes to the team, the department ensures that there are various meeting in place. First, the department conducts it parade twice a day to inform the personnel about the purpose as well as any other information that needs to be shared on that day. This parade differs in times as the duty officers are informed of the purpose each time they report to their duty posts or stations. Secondly, there exist a general parade whose participants are all the personnel on board starting from the GHQ commander to junior officers that form the team (Schafer, 2010). During this parade or meeting, the senior officers inform the others about their departmental started purpose and also requests post commanders or immediate senior officers such as the department heads to ensure that this information is also communicated to the junior officers in the department. In the department we work as a team hence all the information from the top management of the organization is shared to our team leader. With this we are able to garner all the information needed to undertake our roles in order to meet the intended purposes of the department.
There are also several ways that I can ensures that my team working in the department has common sense of towards the purposes or the department as well as their goals; I always inform each personnel about his task or goals for that respective day and also remind him/her about the general objective of the team in attainment of the department purpose. The other way to denote that the personnel are at per with their sense towards goal department objectivity is by conducting a performance appraisal to determine their performance sensibility (Schafer, 2010).
Communication is a key factors towards better and effective workplace at the department. However in order to evaluate this skills, we undertake skills assessment after every year. The mostly used test is HYPERLINK “http://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/myers-briggs-type-indicators.html” Myers-Briggs Type Indicators. After undertaking the test, the results are analyzed and the strengths are weaknesses are evaluated. With the weaknesses measure are undertaken to make sure that the strengths are eliminated and converted to positive communications skills for better police service delivery. There are various ways that communication skills can be improved in such cases: first, when the skills are low the personnel is referred to a public relations communications training whereby they are trained on how to develop their communication skills. The second is individual analysis of the weaknesses and defining the steps towards improving performance with respect to communication skills. In order to meet the right communication skills needed, the weaknesses can also be built by enhancing exposure to the clients who in this case are the public and the society at large.
Leadership Style
There exist factors that come in hand to ensure that we have the best leadership style on board. As for the case of the department, the following are the factors to consider for a better leadership style:
Leader personality: many people adopt a leadership style and implement it all along or in all situations. It is worth to identify a certain leader personality before adopting a leadership style. For example, it is important to denote what the personality traits that the personnel portray. This is important as it will inform me on the best way to lead the team as well as to manage them. Having known that managing people as well as leading them are two different roles to handle, it is important to ascertain the best leader personality before making the decision on the leadership style to adopt (Silvestri, 2007).
Time available/ Roles: Before taking into account the type of leadership style to adopt, it is important to ensure the available time and roles availed and available for the personnel to administer the purpose of the team and that of the department. This is because leadership style differs with time. A long term relationship with employees calls for a different leadership style as compared to a short-time relationship. For example, an officer commanding a platoon with a mission to looking for a thief in town will have a different leadership style as compared to me mandated with leading the entire department such as my department for 3 years (Steinheider & Wuestewald, 2008).
The leadership that one uses determine a lot what the employees will be or the personnel or the team. One is that the relationship that a leader has with the team affects his or her next mission competencies. A close and understandable relationship with the personnel build a better teamwork as well as group work.
Based on others view about my leadership style and behavior I got a rate of 4/5 using Myers-Briggs Type Indicators. This means that my leadership style is now that bad to my team as well as the personnel that am managing. A clear indication that I am taking the right steps towards meeting the purposes of the department in administering its mandate as a GHQ police service security information department. This later defines that I am a transformational leader, adopting transformational model of leadership.
Action Plan
Goals
To ensure that the department works effectively and all team members have a team spirit or motivated to work
To ensures that their exist effective communication that will steer leadership in the team
Actions
I will motivate my team by establishing rotational working environment
Advocating for me team to take part in various leadership training programs that exist
Have a better relationship with my team at all cases and time.
I will know that I have improved my leadership skills after scoring 5/5 at the test and that my team is very satisfied with the workplace. In addition, I will know that I have improved my leadership skills if the clients as well as GHQ are satisfied with our departmental service to them. I will evaluate myself again after a year.
Motivating, supporting and developing the team
In order to support my team member’s individual, I have taken actions to ensure that each team member undertakes communication skills and leadership training courses are a nearby university. This is to build their skills on those areas. For those that have completed their courses they are proving reliable than before to the team and the department at large.
One of the challenges of a police service is developing of staff. Therefore, with my team members I have developed them in that I motivate them by giving them constant off duty via rotational schedule. This make them more effective in the workplace once on duty. The same happens to the entire team (Steinheider & Wuestewald, 2008).
There are various ways that I motivate individuals’ team members. However, I use Maslow theory of motivation as guide. With rotational schedule and training programs individual’s members are able to attain their needs at a higher level as designated by Maslow’s theory of motivation.
My team is always motivated due to the fact that most of them have met all the lower levels needs in the Maslow ladder. They are able to meet the workplace threshold hence able to execute their mandate without any problem (Kemp, Madsen & El-Saidi, 2013).
References
Ghufli, A. H. B. (2014). Training needs analysis: an empirical study of the Abu Dhabi police (Doctoral dissertation).
Kemp, L. J., Madsen, S. R., & El-Saidi, M. (2013). The current state of female leadership in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Global Responsibility, 4(1), 99-112.
Schafer, J. A. (2010). Effective leaders and leadership in policing: traits, assessment, development, and expansion. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(4), 644-663.
Silvestri, M. (2007). Doing” Police Leadership: Enter the “New Smart Macho.Policing & society, 17(1), 38-58.
Steinheider, B., & Wuestewald, T. (2008). From the bottom‐up: sharing leadership in a police agency. Police Practice and Research: An International Journal, 9(2), 145-163.