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Compare a line from one of the Romantic poets to one of the Romantic landscape paintings
Culture and values:
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Question one
Romantic poets are present in the romantic era which consists of poems inspired by the Romanism era. One of the common lines during this era is by Jane Austin’s pride and prejudice “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”. Romantic art on the other hand, is defined by a Romanism point of view through the easy of an artist. The use of landscape painting features greatly in this era making it one of the influential methods at the time. One of the monumental paintings is represented by the Natchez by Eugene Delacroix. Both the artist and the poet are evoking passion, selflessness and sacrifice. This form of expression is ideal for the reflection of the era whose intent is to defy the rules of the traditional forms of art and poetry (Zach & Pallua, 2010).
Question two
Romanism is marked by the acceptance of new ways of expression which are contrary to the period of enlightenment. Nature is a significant part of the Romanism era in that it defines the shift from scientific theories to religious theories. This is composed of philosophical definitions that show the order of God and man. One of the examples is the definition of natural laws which are defined by good and evil. These laws are still in effect in the present world in that they are adopted in some of the present subjects.
Question three
One of the influential figures in the African American history, Fredrick Douglas defies the odds by using his slavery background to express the situation of slavery and oppression of his people. Douglas embodies the lives of the black man at the hands of the white man. His use of first person narrative brings out his personal account on the situation at hand. It also places emphasis on the level of turmoil his community bears due to their submission into slavery. Sojourner Truth uses third person narrative as opposed to Douglas giving his opinion a different meaning. The effect of her work is thus different from the one of her counterpart. Truth uses the experience of members of her community to show how the entire community is affected. The message therefore, has a different effect in that the use of different characters showcases the opinion of the affected person’s thus provoking intimacy in his readings.
Question four
“Well, if I ever struck anything like it, I’m a nigger. It was enough to make a body ashamed of the human race”. Mark twain, huckleberry Finn.
“It was considered as being bad enough to be a slave; but to be a poor man’s slave was deemed a disgrace indeed!” Autobiography of Fredrick Douglas
Similarities
Both passages refer to the state of being a slave in America and the damage it does to their self esteem. The question of ownership by another human being is not an ideal situation due to the lack of self respect and respect from the other races. This triggers the feeling of inferiority making a slave lose their substance in the society.
Difference
The first passage evokes personal feelings of being associated with being referred to as a Nigger. It shows disappointment on the part of the Black man due to the cruelty that comes with this type of branding. The second passage focuses on the extremes of slavery. It is harder being a slave of a non influential member of the society. This exposes slaves in this situation to more forms of oppressions compared to their counterparts.
Question five
“I am not going to die, I am going home like a shooting star”. Sojourner Truth
“I looks like gwine to heaven, an’t thar where white folks is gwine? S’pose they’d have me thar? I’d rather go to torment, and get away from Mas’r and Missis. I had so.” Harriet B. Stow.
Similarities
The first passage showcases Truths confidence in her beliefs. This passage is referenced to her view of life after death. Born into slavery, truth experiences all forms of oppression from her masters. This influences her not only to fight for the rights of black but for women’s rights. Religion is essential to sojourner which is evident in the passage. Stow on the other hand, reveals the extent to which blacks long for freedom. The passage also has a religious reference which signifies the significance of religion during this era (Zach & Pallua, 2010).
Differences
The passage is a personal take of truth on her present and past life. The dedication to the abolishment of slavery gives her the confidence of her future in that she has lived her underprivileged life to the fullest.
The second passage is a reflection of the life of the thoughts of the average slaves. Stow uses her level of education to display the persistence of the slaves in their fight for freedom (Zach & Pallua, 2010).
Reference
Zach, W., & Pallua, U. (2010). Racism, slavery and literature. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
State of nature according to political theory looks into life of human beings before or without political
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Rousseau
State of nature according to political theory looks into life of human beings before or without political political authority. There are several theorists that have been linked with these theory in examining the justification as well as the limits associated with political authority including Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau. According to Rousseau, state of nature is a morally neutral as well as a peaceful condition whereby the solitary individuals are able to act according to the urges they feel such as hunger. He argued that individuals became civilized by becoming dependent on one another. In state of nature, natural inequality occurs including age, strength, and height. On enlighten, Rousseau believed that as humans we were free to do anything however our impulses and desires are not interfered with reason. In the transition from state of nature to civil state, humans are able to substitute their justice for instincts therefore it gives the action a man does moral quality. The fact that a man is able to improve himself and adapt to a situation presented to him, creates enlightens as well as his virtues. This however also contributes to his vices and his miseries as well. Perfectibility according to Rousseau draws a man out of his current condition giving him extraordinary ability.
Life and Consciousness.
When Marx states life is not determined by consciousness but rather consciousness by life, he is arguing that the beliefs as well as the ideas that human have or rather can form, are dependent on various factors including both economic and social circumstance. Consciousness may need raw awareness or perspective that we have as humans. While the consciousness of men is consciousness of social grouping, a person’s social-economic distinction determines how they view themselves. A good example is that the ideas of a slave owner are likely to be different as compared to ideas of the employer of free labour, also ideas of people who have inherited properties from their family is likely to be different from ones who have worked every day to get to where they are. Marx critically thought and analyzed the theory to mean it is not what individuals think that decides their reality but rather it is the occurrences of life that guide people’s thinking and the extent to which they can think and act. Human beings behavior is determined by the events occurring in their surrounding and it goes to the extent of deciding the capacity of the thoughts. The social being of individuals determines their consciousness.
The philosopher tried to show that an individual’s consciousness is something that is tied to their social or economic class; one cannot be separated from, and in that, regard the consciousness of a person is highlighted as the consciousness of their social groupings. Thus, it is not an individualized and isolated consciousness of men that determines their existence and sense of self, but a social existence based on socio- economic reality that defines their consciousness, or sense of self. For Marx, history is an unfolding of this dialectic between those groups that have wealth and those who don’t.
On Liberty
Tyranny of majority has been used to elaborate on democracy where the majority rule ignoring the views of the minorities in the society. Tranny of majority takes place when the majority people decide to subjugate the minority. Through the tyranny of the majority, minority group or an unflavored group was more likely to be targeted by the majority and oppressed and this would likely occur even in a democratic system. They tend to take decisions that favor them instead of what is best for everyone. This leads to the oppression of the minority group when compared to the despots or the tyrants Mill argue. Mill thought that the minority would not be able to enjoy freedom in life including freedom of speech. The minority were likely not to be heard to or have a platform to express them because of the majority rule
Harm principle proposed by Mill asserts that individuals should be left to do as they like as long as they do not cause harm. It is because if these challenges displayed on tyranny of numbers that Mill introduced social liberty, which meant limiting rulers, powers o that they may not abuse their powers for their own wishes leading to harm in the society. In other words what he meant was that other people would have assay on how the government carried itself and how to carry out their day to day activities. His view on liberty was that individuals need to be free to do what they want as long as they do not harm other people. Mill on Liberty argues that freedom of speech was key in taming the despots or tyrannical government. It allowed, “Searching for and discovering of truth” (Mill) as a way of gaining knowledge. Through freedom of speech, it allowed debate and public participation through the public policy.
An example that supports Mills Principe is arresting of a thief. A thief will often be arrested for stealing or breaking the law. Although he is allowed to do whatever he wants, his action causes harm thus he needs to be arrested. However, mill feels that an individual who steels a valid reason i.e. to put food on the table needs to be treated differently when compared to one who does it for fun. An example against would be where the majority establishes their rule over the minority constantly. For example in Rwanda Hutu who were the majority and in government subdued the Tutsi who were the minority by killing them. According to Mill the powers of the Hutu were clearly not limited and they felt they had the right to subdue the minority.
Compare a Game to an every day life activity
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Introduction
This paper posits to provide a comparison between the games and the branding process that takes place in the every day business environment. The interactions that take place in the monopoly game can be compared to the branding processes that occur in the real-life business environment. The game of monopoly has a long as well as complex ambiguous history. However, the game has been compared to diverse fields particularly the real estate industry. However, the creators of the game had a completely different principle in mind. Before the advent of monopoly, there was the landlord’s game. This was a board game that intended to promote and teach Georgism. Georgism is an economic perspective that alleges that land cannot be privately owned, but belongs to the community. Henry George was a political economist of the 19th century who alleged that real estate and industrial monopolists profit unfairly from both rising rents and land appreciation. To rectify this issue, George recommended a “single tax” on the landowners. Consequently, the Landlord’s Game was planned to demonstrate the ease with which property owners inflicted financial devastation on tenants. As a game with some significance, as well as a learning form of entertainment, the title depicts a serious game. Although Monopoly was produced to celebrate rather than grieve over land monopolies, the entertainment does display the power of the landlord, for better or for worse.
MODERNIZED FOR CONSUMER CULTURE.
However, recently this well-known game has linked itself with another facet evident in of industrial capitalism, in the form of advertising. Hasbro, in 2006, launched a version of the game of Monopoly known as Monopoly Here & Now. The new edition updates several things in regard to the 1930’s classic version of monopoly. This includes, changing the properties to contemporary properties that would be widely recognizable. For instance; Boardwalk was changed to Times Square, while Park Place was changed to Fenway Park. As an alternative to paying luxury taxation, the contestant shells out for credit card debit. The electric company is deposed by cell phone services. Airports substitute railways. A player collects $2 million in Here & Now for passing Go.
Renaming the properties in the Monopoly game is definitely not new. Numerous unofficial and official affinity versions of monopoly game have been produced. There are several versions for different cities, towns, colleges, TV shows, and entertainment imaginable. But, Here & Now replaces the traditional game tokens with innovative, branded tokens. Currently there are Toyota Prius, a New Balance shoes, McDonald’s French Fries, Starbucks Coffee mugs, and a Motorola phone. Additionally, there is a generic laptop, dog and an airplane.
Philip Orbanes, in his latest book Monopoly: The World’s Most Famous Game, provides details on the multiple editions of monopoly’s early retail version. The game’s well-known metal tokens are modeled after attraction bracelets, although they added to the cost of the game. In the course of the depression, entertainment was regarded as extravagance. Consequently, Parker Bros provided a simpler version that excluded the tokens, in order to minimize the cost of the product.
Usually Hasbro’s move would be dismissed as deliberately destructive and opportunistic. In any case, the branded tokens in Monopoly appear comparable to fixed in-game advertising such as the Honda component on the SSX3 snowboard courses. An article in the New York Times in regard to the new edition of monopoly referred to the monopoly new version as a gigantic advertisement and criticized Hasbro for assuming the low road.
The historical connection between the monopoly’s cultural origins and the tokens should diminish the reaction to the hybrid cars and metal fries. The brands utilized thereof did not request the advertising nor did they pay a placement fee for advertisement. In its place, Hasbro petitioned for those specific brands, to materialize in the game. Mark Blecher, Hasbro’s Senior Vice President, alleged that the branded tokens depict an illustration of the 21st century America. In so doing, Hasbro introduced the iconography of commercial commodities to monopoly. Indeed, other designs of advertising-free options would have been achievable. Monopoly’s original tokens were comparable in shape and size to bracelet charms, therefore, a suitable contemporary update of the small tokens may have been Bluetooth earpieces, or SD memory cards. However, Hasbro’s perception was that branded commodities bear remarkable cultural currency. Here & Now utilizes branded tokens to characterize its game world. This game world refers to the modern corporate culture, in contradiction of the original game’s baron world.
Realism and Branding
Through Monopoly Here & Now there are several lessons that may be learnt that would be applicable to advertising in regard to commercial videogames. The majority of developers focus on the suitability of brands in regard to games. Large publishers also demonstrate their reluctance to trade in in-game space even when the premiums are high. A number of players and developers are of the opinion that branding is suitable when it develops realism in the game. This theory is typically cited in reference to sports and urban settings, which are overwhelmed with advertising in the real-life world. Realism would therefore mean visual authenticity, or correct appearances. However, Monopoly Here & Now does not embrace brands for appearance. Instead, Monopoly Here & Now embraces the brands to insert contemporary social ideals to the game.
Besides promotion, in-game advertisement and product placements have the potentiality to bear the cultural benefits of the brands which mark them. Such incorporation indicates a design strategy dissimilar from visual legitimacy. Nevertheless, it does not matter significantly whether sports arenas and billboards bear real advertisements or bogus ones. In its place, brands may be utilized in the service of the legitimacy of practice. Brands are usually built around aspirations, values, experiences, ideas, and history. Consumers make linkages with brands when the two are in specific contexts.
CONCLUSION
Brands’ cultural principles can still be utilized as a connection between game mechanics and visual appearance. In a number of cases, it may be simpler for a participant to comprehend the behavior of a character, idea, or situation when facets of that behavior would be offloaded from the game-simulation into a branded service or product.
By emulating the producers of Monopoly Here & Now, contemporary game designers ought to recognize that there may be occasions when advertising would actually develop a design. Advertising may be utilized in exploiting cultural pre-conceptions in regard to well-known items that consequently serve as shorthand for facets of the game world. That kind of mind-set favors in-game advertisers, thus making advertising an apparatus in the designer’s hands, instead of in the hands of the agency, network, or brand.