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The Health Care Bill HR 3858
The Health Care Bill HR 3858
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The Health Care Bill HR 3858
The bill was passed in 2014 giving the secretary of veteran affairs orders to give enrolled veterans health services. The act also directs responsible authorities to give veterans rehabilitative, medical, and preventive health care. Some of the veterans in the United States receive health care from health centers or providers that are not aimed at catering for the veteran affairs (VA). These non-veteran health departments become qualified through the health care bill HR 3858 to give health services to this special population (OpenCongress, 2014). The paper outlines the various ways the health bill for veterans impacts the target population, the health care system, and the country as a whole.
1. Economic impact
The bill will be beneficial to non-veterans in many ways. There are many veterans who cannot access health care in the United States. Statistically, almost two million veterans suffer because inaccessibility to health insurance and another 3.8 million members who belong to their household are affected by the same plight. The case is worse because of the 2 million veterans; more than ten percent are under 65 years of age (Reineberg, 2014). This bill, therefore, will serve as a lifesaver to this community who suffer silently for lack of proper means to access health care. Various administrations have attempted to bring medical cover closer to the population, but they have not succeeded to give as much as the HR 3858 bill promises to do. Now, through this bill, the veterans can access hospitals and prevent unnecessary mortality and morbidity rates.
Reduction of delays and proper resource allocation assists in reducing and suffering. Over the past, veterans have suffered because of excessive delays while trying to access health care. Many take their diagnosis to physicians only to be told to wait for months on end before receiving care. HR 3858, though, will strengthen the department of veterans in the United States and enable it to have a stronger role in assessing and eliminating the huge delays that are currently in place. Delays can lead to economic losses both to individuals and governments and thus the bill will assist in reducing those costs. Further, the will oversee the allocation of resources to department and non-department health care facilities. This will in turn reduce the time veterans spend waiting for care, which is also costly.
2. Resource Allocation
Resource allocation in the United States’ health care system is a collection of several information systems that work interchangeably, yet incoherent and uncoordinated. The elementary features of the US health care model focuses on financing, health care personnel, health care delivery, and technology and knowledge necessary to offer the health care. This system falls into five models of service: a system for the insured and the employed, a system for the uninsured and unemployed through programs and public facilities, a system for veterans, a system for the current personnel and their households, and Medicare for everyone aged more than 65 years of age through hospitals and NGOs. All these health care systems coincide mutually, and yet are divergent based on the elementary features (Dominguez, 2012)
The health care model adopted by the United States is plagued by errors and logistical problems leading to mis-distribution of ideal care and soaring costs. The social model is in place is aimed at offering health services based on the principles: health is a human right, resources available to health care systems are finite, and health policy should allocate scarce resources justly. Besides the social model, the US health care system also conforms, in part, to the economic model, which is based on principles of behavior, benefit, value, policy issue, economic incentives, and demand. This model, though, places a value on life, and cannot be ethical unless it incorporates the social model. Finally, health care in the United States also portrays elements of the Public Health Model, which aims at fulfilling the interest of the society and assuring the settings in which people can live healthily. The model adopts the organizational model and parallels the social model in its emphasis on the society. The model has changed America greatly (Dominguez, 2012).
3. Administrative resources
If the HR 3858 bill becomes law, health care in the United States will become more equitable. By serving the veterans, the model will ensure the interests of the society are meant, as stipulated by the public health model. This law will therefore change the very structure and nature of the whole federal program for veterans. It will mean a shift from offering elementary support to disabled, service connected veterans to all veterans who are eligible in the country. Consequently, the figures of recipients in health care will rise exponentially. The legal issues associated with the new bill will also increase. Nevertheless, the bill is for a greater good and the administrative or economic costs should be overlooked.
The bill is desirable and at the same time presents many weaknesses. On the one hand, healthcare is a human right and everyone should have access to the best services. The main challenge is the availability and accessibility of health care, not the physical status of an individual. While this bill will ensure that veterans are able to access health care without restrictions, the country’s resources, particularly with regards to health care, are finite (Thomas, n.d.). An efficient method for allocating health resources is urgently needed to ensure that people get equitable health care. Allocating resources fairly does not imply that everyone should have the same health care provision, but that the health care system’s distribution is just.
4. Impact of bill on the role of a nurse
The role of the nurse could be greatly impacted if the bill is passed. The level of load nurses handle consequently affects the quality of service they offer. If nurses are bogged down by so many clients, then the level of quality will also go down tremendously. All patients who are hospitalized are likely to be affected if nurse-patient ratio is high, not just those who are in surgery. The staffing ratio is also important when it comes to controlling nosocomial infections and other adverse outcomes in the hospital setting. While ensuring that every person receives health coverage and health services is essential, protecting the patients from harm is also equally important and the state and federal agencies should work on ways that will ensure the balance between the two is maintained. Further, staffing is a key factor when it comes to maintaining staff morale. The morale, and consequently, the efficiency of nurses depend on the amount of work done and motivational strategies used by the employer.
References
Dominguez, C. (2012). 4 Models of the US Healthcare System. Retrieved April 17, 2014, from http://www.aestheticmedicinetoday.com/4_Models_US_Hlth_Sys_12_09_09.html
OpenCongress. (2014, February 3). H.R.3858: Veteran-Centered Access to Coordinated Health Care Act of 2014 – U.S. Congress – OpenCongress. Retrieved April 17, 2014, from http://www.opencongress.org/bill/hr3858-113/show
Reineberg, S. (2014, March 23). Almost 2 Million U.S. Vets Lack Health Insurance – ABC News. ABC News. Retrieved April 17, 2014, from http://abcnews.go.com/Health/Healthday/story?id=4509219
Thomas. (n.d.). Bill Text – 113th Congress (2013-2014) -. Retrieved April 17, 2014, from http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:H.R.3858.IH:
The Hate You Give Film
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The Hate You Give Film
The Hate You Give (2018) does not raise new dimensions about police brutality, and racial profiling of black people do not already know about. For decades now, racism has been a problem in American society. The film confirms the extent of racism and demonstrates first-hand how innocent victims end up losing their lives. Police brutality has become so rife that a life is lost to gun violence nearly every other day. For story showcased in The Hate You Give (2018) is no different. Starr witnesses her childhood friend get murdered by a white police officer. The police thought he saw Khalil Harris reach out for a gun, but it was a comb. The police officer is sent on paid leave, and a grand jury that decides the case agrees not to indict him. This sparks uproar in Starr, who was the only witness to the murder. She is conflicted about embracing her blackness and fighting for justice for Khalil or keeping quiet as her life is being threatened. The scenarios in this film depict an accurate picture of what is happening in current society. Violence and brutality is the same, just that the names are different. To mention a few, the cases of Breonna Taylor and George Floyd mimic the story of Khalil, who in the film was killing a white police officer. Sadly, the very people entrusted with keeping people safe are the same people that are responsible for their deaths. As such, the perspectives remain the same, nothing much has changed about the debate over police brutality and racial profiling.
Hailey’s reaction to Starr’s struggle over Khalil is absurd. Hailey seems not to understand her friend, and she takes the entire issue lightly. Without a doubt, her reaction is a product of white privilege. Hailey being white means that she has never had to encounter racism a single day in her life. She is from a well-off background, and she attends a good school. This means that she cannot relate to the problems of black people. On the day when classes were canceled to hold demonstrations for Khalil, Hailey seemed happier about not having to deal with the Mathematics teacher than the real cause of pushing for justice for Khalil’s murder. Hailey pretends to understand what Starr is going through, but the truth is that she has no idea what being black is all about. While Hailey has had the perfect childhood, Starr has watched two people get murdered in front of her eyes. Hailey does not empathize with her friend’s rather she feels pity for the police officer’s family. She thinks that the police officer’s life is more important than Khalil’s life.
Speaking up comes off as an important theme in the film. Initially, Starr is conflicted because she has two personalities and she is living a lie to fit in her school, where most students are predominantly white. While at home, she suppresses her whiteness and while in school she hides her blackness. After she witnesses her friend gets murdered, she is afraid to speak up and help fight for justice. She is afraid because her life is being threatened by the drug kingpin in her neighborhood at Golden Heights. Khalil was selling drugs for the kingpin, and he did not want the police to know about his dirty dealings. At first, Starr does an interview, but her face is blurred to conceal her identity. Later that evening, his father has an altercation with the police while having dinner as a family. She watches as her father gets harassed by the police, and this is the turning point. After this incident, she finds her voice and joins the demonstrations. At the demonstrations, she openly stated that she was the witness who said Khalil get murdered. This is her first step to boldness, and from here she rises up and openly condemns police brutality. One can use their voice to advance social justice by speaking up against police brutality without fear of being reprimanded. Current society is making progress towards addressing inequality; however, the problems continue to be rife in society. There is a need to adopt new strategies in attaining this goal, including changing the mindset of the people as it is the only way to build an equal society.
Newborns Stages of Development
Newborns Stages of Development
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Newborns Stages of Development
It takes a year for a helpless newborn to undergo impressive transformation to an active toddler. A baby’s growth occurs at an amazing rate, with every month of their early life brining about new and exciting transformation. Parent sometimes do not know what to expect, and sometime wonder whether the development meets developmental targets. However, when determining whether your child meet the basic developmental milestone, it is important to understand that every child is different. While a child may take a short time to achieve one developmental milestone, s/he may take longer to achieve another. However, there are specific characteristics that newborns exhibit as they develop.
A newborn exhibits various reflexes and sensory capabilities. According to Meyerhoff (2012) these capabilities derive from the five human senses; vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch which are normally fully developed by the seventh month in the womb. A baby receives and responds to stimuli in his environment through these senses; they can hear, feel, taste and smell. Although some babies may take long to develop this senses. At birth all babies are ready to learn new thing about their environment using these senses. It is this senses that brings about reflexes in newborns. The reflexes include root reflex, suck reflex, moro reflex, tonic neck reflex, grasp reflex, babinski reflex, and step reflex (Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 2012).
Sleeping and walking patterns also present other interesting phenomena in a baby’s development. Newborn babies sleep for long hours. They sleep for, as long as, 18 hours per day during their first weeks of birth. This however reduces to only 15 hours per day within the third month after birth. However, despite their long hours of sleep, babies never sleep for more than three to four hours consecutively during the day or night. In this regard parent or care giver can only dream of a few uninterrupted hours of rest or sleep (Baby Care Center, 2012).
After 6 to 8 weeks babies start to sleep for short period of time during the day and for longer spells during the night. However, the consistently continue to wake up at night to feed. The babies also have reduced REM sleep and increased deep, non-REM sleep.
Also, some babies can have nightlong sleep, since they may reach this mile stone when they are about 5 of six months old, sometimes older. However, parents and caretakers can influence the babies night sleep and help them get to this milestone earlier by imbuing good habits in them from the start (Baby Care Center, 2012).
Bonding, attachment and soothing interaction are also important in the development of newborns. Bonding and attachment are word that can, and are often used interchangeably. In this context, the terms basically stand for the basic link of heart and trust between an infant and its parents. In most cases it takes place between an infant and its mother first (Gatter, 2009). Bonding is an important pillar in human development. It is important for proper growth and functioning of a child. Bonding starts at conception, since fetuses absorb their parents’ experiences and carry the fears and experiences of their parents. When born the children absorb energy around them from parents and other people and as they interact with their environment.
Babies need effective bonding to enable them realized developmental tasks such as age-appropriate separation, walking, using a toilet, climbing, and fulfilling their need in this world. Children who realize proper bonding are able to handle success and failure in their future lives. They have the spirit of picking themselves up when they fail and try again. Bonding helps them become competent, strong, safer and secure since they develop appropriate believes about their worth (Gatter, 2009).
Bonding shapes how the baby will interact with other in future. It helps babies learn to build and maintain trust, develop intellectually, develop language abilities, nervous systems, regulate their identity and self esteem. Poor bonding results in insecure individual with poor self esteem among other unsocial behaviors.
Parent and caregivers can be very instrumental in guiding the development of a child at various stages of development. The can foster and support newborns in various areas of development and growth. Parent and caregivers can help newborns develop appropriate sleeping habits (Baby Care Center, 2012). First, it is important to learn the signs of tiredness in a baby. These include eye rubbing, ear pulling or dark circles on his eyes. It also indicates that the baby is sleepy. When these signs are visible the baby should be put to bend and allowed to sleep and instinctively parents/care givers will develop a sixth sense to detect when the baby is about to sleep. Some babies are night owls, but parent can teach them the distinction between daytime and night. Once the baby is two weeks old parents can make him know the difference between the day and night. During the day play with the baby as much as possible, make feeding social by singing and chatting to him, the lighting bright, don’t try to reduce on daytime noises such as music from the stereo or noise from washing machines, and gently wake him in case he nods of when he is being fend. However, at night change the routine by staying silent and passive when feeding him/her at night and minimizing noise and brightness. Also keep conversation with him at minimum (Baby Care Center, 2012).
Parents and caregiver can also ensure that newborns get proper bonding and soothing by creating positive bonding session, ensuring that they have a proper close relationship with the babies and keeping them from traumatizing conditions. Parents should ensure that they don’t allow their foul mood of personal difference interfere with their relationship with their infants.
In sum, newborns senses are normally alert at birth and help them interact with their environment leading to various reflexes in relation to stimuli. These reflexes act as the basic survival mechanism for the helpless infants. As they develop through various stages, their sleeping patterns vary greatly and they drop the reflexes. Babies also need bonding/attachment and soothing to help them develop appropriate social skill. Poor bonding leads to several negative social characteristics. It is the duty of parents and caretakers to help newborns and enable them achieve various developmental milestones.
References
Gatter, D. (2009) .The Importance of Bonding & Attachment. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Importance-of-Bonding-and-Attachment&id=2881774
Baby Care Center (2012). Establishing good sleep habits: newborn to three months. Retrieved from http://www.babycentre.co.uk/baby/sleep/habitsbyage0to3months/
Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh. (2012).Newborn – Reflexes. Retrieved from http://www.chp.edu/CHP/P02630
Meyerhoff, M. (2012).Understanding Newborn Characteristics and Development. Retrieved from http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/family/baby/understanding-newborn-characteristics-and-development-ga3.htm