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Week 5

Week 5 due nov 22, 2022 (peer reviewed journal within 5 years pls

Case Scenario:

An 84- year-old -female who has a history of diverticular disease presents to the clinic with left lower quadrant (LLQ) pain of the abdomen that is accompanied by with constipation, nausea, vomiting and a low-grade fever (100.20 F) for 1 day.

On physical exam the patient appears unwell. She has signs of dehydration (pale mucosa, poor skin turgor with mild hypotension [90/60 mm Hg] and tachycardia [101 bpm]). The remainder of her exam is normal except for her abdomen where the NP notes a distended, round contour. Bowel sounds a faint and very hypoactive. She is tender to light palpation of the LLQ but without rebound tenderness. There is hyper-resonance of her abdomen to percussion.  

The following diagnostics reveal:  

Stool for occult blood is positive.

Flat plate abdominal x-ray demonstrates a bowel-gas pattern consistent with an ileus. 

Abdominal CT scan with contrast shows no evidence of a mass or abscess. Small bowel in distended. 

Based on the clinical presentation, physical exam and diagnostic findings, the patient is diagnosed with acute diverticulitis and she is admitted to the hospital. She is prescribed intravenous antibiotics and fluids (IVF). Her symptoms improved and she could tolerate a regular diet before she was discharged to home.   

Discussion Questions:

Compare and contrast the pathophysiology between diverticular disease (diverticulosis) and diverticulitis.

Identify the clinical findings from the case that supports a diagnosis of acute diverticulitis.  

List 3 risk factors for acute diverticulitis.

Discuss why antibiotics and IV fluids are indicated in this case.

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Week 4 Discussion

In identifying data and the data sources in the healthcare setting, collecting accurate data typically supports efforts of reducing some healthcare disparities as well as creating equal care for all individuals. While assessing the usefulness plus the competence of healthcare services, the hospital length of stay beside the discharge destination exists as important outcome measures. The data which can be collected on the healthcare setting includes both the existing and the program generated data, for example, the data from the surveys conducted. The observational length of stay as well as the distance destination data which can be collected manually from the ward-based sources for instance; the paper-based inpatient health records, nursing transfer annals, paper-based ward release or the handover records, direct observation through a qualified individual, and twenty-four hours recall of essential healthcare workers. Moreover, some patient-reported data like the pharmacy records and laboratory results are also collected. This data is typically collected on the medical records of the hospital which are kept either on the hospital’s database system or manually kept in the recording books.

The optimum sample size is a critical factor of any research being carried out. The sample size is simply the total number of participants in a sample. It is considered as a basic statistical standard with which the sample size is defined before the commencement of a clinical study to avoid partiality while analyzing the results.

Data analysts are mostly the individuals who are mandated to analyze the data collected for example in a hospital setting since they have enough skills and proficiency to provide the actual and real data. They are involved in data capture, data provisioning as well as data analysis. Therefore they are given this responsibility of analyzing and presenting the data to the leadership organization like the managers plus the frontline staff.

In the United States healthcare system, the quality measurement seems to be troubled. Hospitals, as well as physicians, typically regard measurement as burdensome, inaccurate and expensive besides being unresponsive to the intricacy of care delivery. The patients together with the healthcare providers usually consider that performance reporting omits what means most to them and thus fails to deliver the information they require to generate some good decisions. Some of these pitfalls include; holding on to metrics for a long duration, blindly trusting figures and measurements involving oneself.

For effective measurements of organization performance, it is always good to measure what is significant and measure the correct things. In determining what is right to measure, form criteria to define the vital business processes, for instance, the usage of the measurements of the influence on clients, the sales, and the bottom-line, the profits among others.

Week 4

Week 4 Discussion Forum: Cultural Inquiry of Values and Norms

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This week, you will prepare for your ethical and cultural inquiry. Consider how culture can impact healthcare decisions and outcomes. Read the following article from the Western Journal of Medicine: HYPERLINK “https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1070887/%20” t “_blank” Galanti G. A. (2000). An introduction to cultural differences. The Western Journal of Medicine, 172(5), 335–336. doi:10.1136/ewjm.172.5.335 (Links to an external site.)

Discuss the following:

1. Do you agree with the writer’s premise that treating patients with respect is not enough, and it is necessary to learn about the specific customs of other cultures in order to provide quality health care? Explain your reasoning and provide examples.

2. Do you think there is a danger in stereotyping when discussing cultural norms? Explain and provide examples.

3. Which cultures and customs are you most familiar with?

4. Does culture play a significant role in the healthcare issue that you are researching? Explain.

Week 4 Discussion Forum Prompt 1

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Click the link to complete your week 4 required discussion board prompts.

Using the video from Episode 4 on Mr. Jones, answer one of the following prompts:

Prompt 1: How many patients are suffering from COPD in the United States? Do COPD sufferers die of respiratory causes or other causes? (Be sure to cite the data.)

Prompt 2: What two separate diseases are the main COPD diseases? Give background on each disease.

Prompt 3: How does COPD correlate with left ventricular pressure and primary heart failure?

Prompt 4: What are the three types of bronchodilators, and how do they function to alleviate the symptoms of COPD? What are other possible treatments for COPD?

Prompt 5: Through which mechanism does bronchiolitis cause destruction of alveoli? Is emphysema genetic? Can environmental factors increase the risk of emphysema? Why or why not?

Prompt 6: Is lung transplantation a solution for emphysema? Can new technology be useful in the treatment of emphysema? Why or why not?

Also, note that content in this case scenario incorporates topics from Chapter 22.

Requirements:

1-2 references to support your responses.

1-2 full paragraph responses

Initial post due Wednesday at 11:59 PM

2 Peer responses due Sunday at 11:59 PM

Week 4 Discussion Forum Prompt 2

Using the video from Episode 4 on Mr. Jones, answer one of the following prompts (that you didn’t answer in Prompt 1):