Recent orders
Healthcare in America, Limitations of private insurance system
Healthcare in America
The healthcare care system in America has been a subject under scrutiny and lots of debate. Many people argue that unlike in many developed countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia among others, situation of healthcare in the United States is less socialistic and unfriendly. This unfortunately is the state of affairs despite the fact that, the sector is a great contributor to the national economic scheme (Wiki 2005). There are many factors that should be keenly looked at and addressed if healthcare in America has t o be improved and enjoyed by its citizens.
Limitations of private insurance system
Only a small percentage of Americans can afford healthcare insurance. It is estimated that about forty million Americans do not have the financial ability to pay for a cover. The private insurance system has limitations on who should benefit from insurance. It is mainly those from the higher social class that benefit. This is deemed as discrimination against people who share the same biological make up with those in the higher social class. Healthcare should be a right and not a privilege to certain groups or classes of people (Webber, 2004).
The capitalist factor in healthcare provision
If improved and expanded socialized medicine will have many advantages compared t o privatized healthcare. It has been argued that this is very much possible but health insurers will loose a lot financially. The capitalistic manner of operations in the country has been an obstacle to various positive developments like the endeavor to improve services.
Existing public healthcare providers
Health services in the United States are generally provided by legal private firms. Medicaid and Medicare are the public health providers available in the United States. Nevertheless the number of Americans who qualify for them are few because their employers are not able to buy personal insurance coverage for them (Health care, 2004).
Conclusion
The result of this is that seventeen percent of Americans are uninsured. What is encouraging though is the fact that there are citizens, many organizations and lobby groups who have been fighting for reforms in this sector. The positive outcome is evident in some states, for instance Minnesota. With some little commitment the Healthcare situation in America can still be corrected.
Works cited
Health care. (2004). Minnesota Department of Human Services (MDHS). Retrieved December 16, 2005. >> HYPERLINK “http://www.dhs.state.mn.us/<<” http://www.dhs.state.mn.us/<< March 19, 2012.
Webber, N. Healthcare is a right, not a privilege! New York State Nurses Association, 2004.
The Governmental Concepts Embodied in the Articles of Confederation
The Governmental Concepts Embodied in the Articles of Confederation
Student’s name
Institutional affiliation
The Governmental Concepts Embodied in the Articles of Confederation
The Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation formed the United States of America’s first national compact. The first U.S. constitution (1781-1789), the Articles of Confederation, functioned as a bridge between the federal government formed in line with the U.S. constitution of 1787 and the initial government formed by Continental Congress during the Revolutionary times. The drafters of the articles established a confederation of sovereign states deliberately because the encounters of domineering British primary authority were clear in colonial minds. Despite the articles of Confederation being written in 1776 through 1977, Congress never adopted them until November 15, 1777. Notably, the states did not fully ratify the document until March 1781. This text highlights the governmental concepts embodied in the articles of Confederation.
Congress is one of the terms that are embodied in the Articles of Confederation. Congress refers to a bi-cameral legislature that is divided into two institutions: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Every state sends elected senators and representatives to Congress. At the time of drafting the Article of Confederation, on paper, Congress had the power to regulate war, post office and foreign affairs and control Indian affairs and appoint military officers (Knight, 2019). Congress had the power to borrow money, issue bills of credit, and decide the value of coins. Federalism is another term that comes out clearly in the articles of Confederation. Federalism refers to a system of government where two levels of government are in charge of the same territories. In general, an overarching national government oversees broad governance in a bigger territorial area, while states, cities, and smaller subdivisions tend to matters of local concern.
The United States Constitution is another governmental concept that is embodied in the articles of Confederation. The constitution is a fundamental law of the federal government that sets the three main branches of the federal government and outlines their jurisdiction. The constitution is the oldest national constitution to be currently in use and it has become the landmark legal document that exist in the Western World. The U.S constitution established the fundamental laws, established America’s national government, and guaranteed specific basic rights for American citizens. Unicameral is another article that is embodied in the articles of Confederation. The term refers to a legislature that consists of only one house. It is a legislative body consisting of a single legislative chamber. Currently, only one unicameral legislature in the United States: Nebraska. Nebraska also has the smallest legislative branch in the United States, that consists of only 49 senators. The term declaration of independence is also embodied in the articles of Confederation. The Declaration of Independence is a document approved by the Continental Congress in July 1776 which announced the parting of 13 British Colonies in America from the Great Britain (Krane & Leach, 2018). This explains why on July 2, the Congress unanimously with votes from 12 colonies, resolved that the colonies had the right to be free and Independent states. July 2 was the day when the final division became officially voted, but July 4th was the day when the Declaration of Independence became fully adopted. This explains why Americans across the United States have always celebrated Independence Day on the Fourth of July. Independence Day remains to be the greatest national holiday in the United States.
References
Knight, J. T. (2019). Splitting Sovereignty: The Legislative Power and the Constitution’s Federation of Independent States. Geo. JL & Pub. Pol’y, 17, 683.
Krane, D., & Leach, R. H. (2018). Federalism and intergovernmental relations: theories, ideas, and concepts. In Handbook of public administration (pp. 481-500). Routledge.
network administer of Contoso ltd
Contoso Ltd.
Name:
Institution
Contoso Ltd.
As the network administer of Contoso ltd, there are a few improvements that can be made to the existing local network system to make it more user friendly as well as cost effective. To begin with the issue on the inability to use host names to access to internet destinations can be resolved in a number of ways. First, disabling the existence and function of NS2 and NS3 will provide a key point for query solution. This should go hand in hand with the introduction of netmask which allows the internal users to resolve internal issues but not external addresses. By doing so internal users will require to be presented using a name resolution configuration making it easier for identification. Disabling round robin will also assist in balancing the load that may exist in cases where internal clients want to access internet destinations at the same time as external users. Disabling round robin will prevent cases of load balancing which may hinder internal clients from accessing all destinations ( HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_S._Tanenbaum” o “Andrew S. Tanenbaum” Tanenbaum, 2006).
Further, even after improving the system of Consoto Ltd by making the system user friendly and accessible. Ensuring that information origin can easily be traced is essential. In that light, since improving DHCP configuration in the multiple new branches has led to unavailability of the IP addresses, it is essential to quickly find solutions on how to improve DHCP as well. There are two main steps of improving the DHCP to ensure clients can easily attain their IP addresses. They include setting up short lease periods or durations which will assist in making IP address recovery faster. Secondly, the client must have the know how of configuring the system to provide the IP address before it shuts down. It is therefore worth noting that when lease durations are set too long it is possible for the IP address not to be easily restored. IP address are manually released and the users should therefore pose a command for it to be provided when need be (Healy & Donohue, 2010).
As the company expands the need to ensure all offices and individuals can easily access the database rises. As the management of the company notes, there are offices that are using broadband internet connectivity while others are using the telephone lines. There are multiple differences between these two systems. Telephone line based internet is also the cable internet and although it is ‘dedicated’, there are multiple limitations to the technology and that explains why it is only good for local service provider connection. Cable based internet is quite expensive for the company since every office or individual requires a single pre-qualified line. This many require continuous maintenance which is further expense to the company. DSL or cable based network is also distance sensitive. Since the offices may not be in a single region the performance of the network will not be good in all regions. However, though there are multiple limitation to the use of telephone line internet it is more secure since a person must sign up for the DSL meaning that intranet data will be secure. Even so broadband data is faster, cost effective and with extra effort it is possible to improve security on the same.
The move on hiring extra staff to assist employees in some hours such as 5p.m and 12a.m may pose challenges to the company in regards to security of company data. However, there are a few measures that the company can employ to ensure that the casual employees assist in the company but the critical company data remains secure. Some of these ways include using password-based system to ensure files or data is successfully kept away from unauthorized persons. Introducing digital signatures to help in identifying authorized persons before information is made available. Another strategy to improve data security can be continuous confirmation of transactions. For instance, once data is changed the system confirms though use of key words or passwords. Management should also take an extra step to know the kind of data that is stored in the intranet, this makes it possible to monitor carefully and take necessary steps. Other methods that the company management can take to secure company data from the incoming employees is through introduction of controls such as; manager controls, physical controls and HRMS security controls such as firewalls. However, these technical based methods can be effective in securing data but should also be emphasized by strict coordination of information technology policies in the entire company.
Further, use of WAN connections under centralized backups can be of great help in cost reduction as well as enhancing data security in Contoso Ltd. However, according to several company employees, the use of centralized back up is making the production sector of the company quite slow, therefore there is need to improve of revise the use of centralized backups. It is by fact that use of centralized backups has brought great advantages to the company is regards to cost effectiveness and data security. Therefore, the company should improve the system first before any dismissal plans can be considered. Centralized backup can be improved by eliminating traffic in the backup using local area network (LAN) which provides free machine backup using tape devices. Reduction of load can also be embraced to assist in improving the speed of the central backup. Load can be reduced using ESX server which allows extra backup data to run more virtual machines (Mackin, 2004).
References
Healy, W. & Donohue, D. (2010) CCIE Routing and Switching. Indianapolis, IN: Cisco Press
Mackin, J. (2004). Implementing, Managing and Maintaining. A Microsoft Server 2003 NetworkInfrastructure: Microsoft (2004)
HYPERLINK “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_S._Tanenbaum” o “Andrew S. Tanenbaum” Tanenbaum, A. (2006) Computer Networks, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education