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Nervous Conditions By Tsitsi Dangaremba
Nervous Conditions By Tsitsi Dangaremba
Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u HYPERLINK l “_Toc379183149” Race and Colonialism: PAGEREF _Toc379183149 h 1
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379183150” Feminism PAGEREF _Toc379183150 h 2
Race and Colonialism:The theme of Race and colonialism is widely juxtaposed in the novel, for example, Rhodesia was doubly colonized. It starts with scenes in which white men make a judgment in the local Rhodesia community. Tambu is said to be selling food because she is coerced into it. Doris a whiten woman asked her:
“‘I’d be shocking myself if I walked by and did not say anything…Is she your little girl? ‘ Without waiting for an answer, she gave him a piece of her mind. ‘Child labor. Slavery! That is what it is’” (28-29).
Actually, Tambu was working hard to raise school fees for her children. Doris want her to think along the same line, according to the whites, children belong to the husband. In addition, Babamukuru has tried to ensure that his children emulate the whites. He ensures that the children behave just like the whites; he goes to a greater length to marry Maiguru. Babamukuru’s expects his children to excel in their studies. Nhamo is also colonized, after spending only one year, he is not able to speak Shona. He dropped his African identity and westernized himself (52-53).
After asking to go to a different school, Babamukuru’s contemplates Tambo’s request by talking additionally Babamukuru’s is against the idea of Tambu associating with the white people. He is colonized to think that by associating with the white people, the behavior of Nyasha worries him; her eating disorder is put into question and blown out of proportion. While Babamukuru is interested in seeing, the young girls develop into decent women. Not knowing that his overbearing to excel in education is what makes Nyasha that weak. (183).
Another episode on colonialism is the fact that the Rhodesia was colonized, and the people too were also colonized,
It is unfortunate enough… When a country is colonized, but when people do as well! That is the end, really; that is the end.’ (p. 147)
This was evidenced when the people of Rhodesia though that people thought that the Christian ways are the only progressive ways. The people of Rhodesia left them ways and assumed the western ways. Mr. Bakers are also colonized, he prefers Chido attending multiracial school in Salisbury, Mr. Chido does this on full scholarship, the white are praised as bwana meaning gentlemen, Chido goes to Salisbury,
‘To ease his conscience . . . you know how it is; bwana to bwana: The boy needs the cash, old man…’ (p. 1s06).
FeminismThe book is also an attempt to address feminism; it addresses gender bias as cultural construct. In the traditional Rhodesia society, women are considered as second sex to men. When Tambudzei suffers from stereotyped thinking, she realizes that there is gender bias the whole world. She asks her brother to help her do the land to enable her raise fees, but Nhamo says that just wanting to go to school does not help because Tambudzai is a girl and girls are not supposed to get education
After working hard in the garden, Nhamo steals Tambu corn, to ensure that she never raises fees to go to school. He also sneers says:
‘Did you ever hear of a girl being taken away to school? You are lucky you even managed to go back to Rutivi. With me, it is different. I was meant to be educated’ (p. 49).
This means that women are the weaker sex, and second to man, this is a societal and cultural construct that juxtaposes men as more valuable than women. Tambu, a small buy displays serious chauvinistic and sexist tendencies while dealing with her sister. The community is to blame, because Nhamo is unusually young but is already socialized into the gender role at a remarkably young age, probably before birth. Tambu male personality naturally makes him look down on female figures, this is done consciously and unconsciously in an extraordinarily short time. When she begs to escort his father to the airport to receive Babamukuru’s, his father calls her aside and warns her of her unbecoming behavior saying she should stay at home just like other women. Tambu’s education is seen as pathway or preparation to a married house wife, when Babamukuru’s says that she is being prepared for a decent man, probably Chido or other educated me.
Works cited
Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. Seattle: Seal Press, 1988.
COMM-MGMT 350-Quiz 1 Makeup
COMM/MGMT 350
Organizational Communication and Leadership
Quiz 1-Makeup
Answer all four questions in paragraph format. Aim to write 1-3 paragraphs per question. Each paragraph should be 4-7 lines.
How do organizations overcome the issue to global security? How has globalization played a role in complex organization communication processes?
The globe is seeing unprecedented levels of international risk and strife. High-intensity conflicts and instability continue to emerge on a global scale, and the spectrum of instability encompasses territories and nations that are not involved in open battle but are institutionally and economically sensitive to shocks (Miller, 2013). A diverse set of threats, including regional coercion and interference, international terrorism, health insecurity, the use of chemical and other unconventional weapons, large population displacement, and substantial humanitarian crises, provide a difficult operational environment. Traditional crisis response strategies have been demonstrated to be ineffectual in the face of such crises, with the mix of threats and insecurity posing new issues for policymakers.
A group of countries and international organizations, like NATO and the United Nations, work together to keep each other safe and secure. These supervisory bodies are very important for the group to work together and benefit from each other all over the world. They believe in democracy and working together. These are the best ways to deal with global security problems. There are global public goals that, if pursued together, can make it easier for countries to work together and build common ground on important short-term issues when there are conflicts (Miller, 2013). Some of these goals are very important, and they affect billions of people’s quality of life. Issues to global security include terrorism, pandemics, cyber security, and stable financial systems. There are even more problems that could end civilization. It is very important to do well in these areas. Survival requires working together. To keep the climate stable, protect the oceans and rainforests, and make sure nuclear weapons are never used, for example, we need to work together all over the world.
In a global context, the ability to communicate successfully can be put to the test. Despite the fact that both parties speak the same language, misunderstandings may occur due to ethical and sociological differences at this time. Several instances from the business sector have shown how a lack of communication may lead to poor organizational performance throughout the previous decade (Miller, 2013). The impact of globalization on cross-cultural communication is critical for organizations seeking a competitive advantage in the global economy. Recent financial challenges have increased the importance of firms enhancing their internal communication capabilities in order to deal with and monitor external threats. As society has become more internationally connected, the capacity to engage across social borders has grown, resulting in increasing visibility.
What are the differences between human relations and human resources approaches?
The two approaches are used in the present management environment as a participative leadership style. Business leaders opt for a human relations approach when dealing with their subordinates in order to boost morale and lessen resistance to formal authority (Miller, 2013). The business leaders and managers choose a human resources approach for themselves in which they want their superiors to notice and harness their previously untapped qualities (Miller, 2013). Proselyting tactics by proponents of participatory management appear to have paid off. On paper, the typical modern manager advocates for participation and opposes authoritarian leadership and control concepts as no longer acceptable or, in some cases, sensible.
What challenges do women face in the workplace today? How can they overcome these challenges?
Women continue to confront barriers in the job and in other aspects of society. Flexible work arrangements, fair salary, racism and gender bias, and access to high-paying professions are among the major issues, as is the fact that few leaders advocate for highly talented women by speaking out on their behalf. Executives are encouraged to shift their attention from desk time to productivity and outcomes. Managers and executives should also conduct a salary audit and fight for pay transparency to guarantee that there are no pay disparities in their firm. Managers should not be afraid to confront uncomfortable or difficult matters in order to decrease gender discrimination. Furthermore, it is critical to recognize that not all leadership opportunities are created equal, and that not all occupations provide equal opportunities for growth. Finally, leaders must acknowledge that sponsorship is something that anybody, particularly males capable of repeated violent behaviors, may achieve.
Think about an organization you know well. This could be a multinational organization or your local supermarket. What kind of organizational culture does it have that is visible to you and attracted your attention?
Apple’s organizational structure helps the company to grow quickly and effectively, which is essential for success in the information technology, internet services, and consumer electronics industries. The organizational or corporate structure of a firm is made up of various worker groups, resources, and the linkages between these groups and resources. The organizational design determines how the organizational structure is established and managed. In this business case study, Apple Inc.’s organizational structure fosters practices that stimulate technical innovation. The corporation’s organizational structure keeps a classic hierarchical structure while incorporating key components from other organizational models.
Neoclassical approaches to household decision making
Neoclassical approaches to household decision making
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Institution
Introduction
The traditional neoclassical economic approaches to household decision making leaves no room for analyzing conflict between men and women. Households are seen as acting as a single unit, making choices as if households are seen as acting as a single unit, making choices as if household members were in full consensus. Even here, though, a case for targeting on the basis of gender can be made.
Gary Becker’s study on household
The unitary approach goes back to seminal work started by Gary Becker in the 1960’s. In particular, in his Treatise on the family, Becker assumes that male and female preferences can be aggregated into a common household objective function. They can analyze decisions about expenditures and “non economic” investments such as the number, education, and health of children. Household maximize their joint objective utility function subject to constraints on time use, technology, and hint resources. While the time allocation of each household member between the production of market. Household output matters those who in the family members is totally irreverent. A dollar is a dollar, no matter who in the family earns it. The approach, so focused as it is on efficiency, is sometimes called the “pure investment” model. It leaves no scope for intra-household conflict.
Becker’s interpretation
One of the Becker’s objectives was to understand how household allocate individuals to activities with household members seeking to gain from their comparative advantages. According to this approach, if the wage in the market sector is higher for males than for females, it would be efficient for men to work more in the market and for women to stay in the household (or to work in the informal sector). Becker argues that this is the best way to increase the household’s total output. He claims that this is a good representation of patterns seen in the United States in the 1960’s.
Becker’s study on developing nations
In principle, Becker’s predictions also apply to developing countries. In agriculture economies, there are a number of high-wage activities that require certain skills, such as physical strengths, for which gender matters. Becker’s framework in this case suggests that it is optimal for men to benefit from their comparative advantage by specializing in strength-intensive marketable agriculture activities outside the house. Women, on the other hand, should devote more time to unpaid household work and those marketable activities that require considerably less physical strengths. It remains unclear whether such unequal specialization within the household truly reflects women’s preferences.
Rosenzweig and Schultz (1982) [1] provide early evidence on the pure investment model, finding that survival probabilities for female infants in rural India are higher. It was found higher in areas where opportunities for female employment are greater. Their argument is that asymmetric mortality patterns result because potential. It is argued that such strategic decision making result from the need to sometimes make tragic, brutal choices in the struggle for basic survival.
Helping India
But micro-finance advocates repudiate the helplessness that is implied. First, by helping to raise incomes, advocates argue that micro-finance can lift the constraints that before household to make such life-and-death choices. As important, advocates argue that micro-finance can also change the nature of basis trade-offs. Rather than taking the structure of wages and employment as given, micro-finance advocates aim to improve opportunities and the economic returns to women’s work. Thus to change the economic value to women’s work, and to change the economic value of females within the home. Raising those returns can, in principle, reduce discrimination of the sort documented by Rosenzweig and Schultz (1982).
The pure investment model is a useful starting point, but Microsoft advocates go further. They argue that by raising women’s status within families, the nature of decision making can change too. Rather than assuming that household work by consensus, as argued by Becker, economists have recently started deconstructing household choices, finding them to be driven often by inequalities, bargaining, and conflict. Browing and Chiappori (1998), [2] for example, derive implications of a model in which bargaining power is driven by the ability of women to credibly threaten to leave the household. The credibility of those threats will depend on factors like earning power and other factor that affect women’s relatively power within the household, such as divorce or employment legislation. Access to micro-finance can potentially be part of this equation.
References
Rosenzweig and Schultz (1982), You can hear Me Now: How Micro-loans and Cell phones are connecting the World’s poor to the Global Economy. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons.
Browing and Chiappori (1998), Bootstrap Capital: Microenterprises and the American poor. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution press