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Assignment and Course Expectations Response Papers
Assignment and Course Expectations
Response Papers
Response papers focus on the analysis of one of the assigned primary source documents for a given week. Here are several things to keep in mind when writing one:
1. Analyze only the assigned document.
2. Turn it in to Canvas by the end of the day (11:59 PM) on the due day.
3. Each response paper must have an opening paragraph that discusses the historical context of the document. You must cite specific details (names, dates, events, etc.) from the textbook. You will lose points if I do not see specific details and if I do not see citations from the textbook.
4. The rest of the paper should focus on the document itself. Do not simply summarize what the document says. Choose some aspect of it to analyze, such as the ideas it communicates, the perspective of the author on a person or event, the values/opinions of the author, etc. Consult the syllabus section on analyzing primary sources to get ideas on how to do this.
5. You must cite evidence from the document to support this analysis. You will lose points if I do not see any citations.
6. Make sure that the evidence you cite actually supports what you say. Think about what citations best illustrate your points. Review your whole paper (or have someone else review it) to make sure that it makes sense, that your reader can understand what you are trying to say.
7. I always grade grammar in papers. I will mark poor word choice, typos, misspellings, subject-object disagreement, inconsistent verb tenses, overly long sentences or paragraphs, and all other grammatical mistakes. If I cannot understand what a sentence or a longer passage means, I may just ask “what do you mean?” in the comments.
8. If you have problems with grammar, seek assistance from an English or History tutor here on campus (the tutors can consult online) or at least have someone review your papers before you turn them in. Grammar is the set of rules that make it possible for us to communicate with each other in writing. If I cannot understand what you say due to poor grammar, then I cannot give you due credit for your ideas.
9. Follow the directions in regards to length, formatting, due dates, etc. You will lose points if you do not do this.
10. If unsure about anything, consult the assignment instructions in the syllabus. If still unsure, then ask me! Email me and I will respond within 24 hours on weekdays and 48 hours on the weekend.
Analytical Paper
This is your longest paper. Although you will be analyzing a primary source and using secondary sources to provide context, just like in your response papers, you will need to find the source yourself, using linked databases and archives here on our Canvas site, along with the resources of our library. Here are some tips for succeeding:
1. Once you choose a primary source, remember that this paper is only five to six pages, not a book itself. You will need to make some choices about what you want to focus on.
2. Once you have an idea for a source, start looking for your secondary (scholarly) sources. Do not use any source with the word encyclopedia in its title, do not use websites (if the website includes .com, .org, .net, etc., avoid it), do not use popular magazines, do not use Wikipedia, and avoid published sources without footnotes or endnotes.
3. DO NOT start off intending to prove something. Start with a question or questions that you want to answer. The goal of a history research paper is to analyze the evidence in its context, drawing conclusions about it. Let the primary source guide your conclusions. Be fair to historical people. Judge them by their context. That does not mean you have to agree with their actions or views, but you do need to extend to them the same courtesy that you would want someone to extend to you.
4. Read up on your chosen citation format (MLA or Chicago Style). You will need to follow it when citing evidence in the body of your paper and when putting together your bibliography.
5. Take notes from your sources, whether on notecards or on your computer. Make sure to include complete information on where you got each piece of information or quote. Once you are done taking notes from all of your sources, reread your notes to start forming your conclusions. Organize them into categories. That will help you organize the paper once you start writing.
6. All analytical papers must have an argument or thesis statement. This is the overarching description of your conclusions from your research, usually one or two sentences long. When you give evidence, it should support and explain that argument. If I cannot tell why a piece of evidence is relevant to your argument, it does not do you any good to mention it.
7. Follow all of the assignment instructions in regards to formatting, length, deadlines, etc. Ask me if you do not understand any of them.
8. Remember that producing a research paper is a process. It involves choosing a topic, finding your primary and scholarly sources, taking notes, drawing conclusions, outlining your paper so that it is organized, writing the paper, having someone review it for grammar, formatting, logical progression, to check that you present a clear argument and defend it, etc., and then revising the paper. THIS WILL TAKE TIME, SO PLAN AHEAD!! This is especially true for our compressed time schedule this summer. Do not try to write the paper in the last few days before the due date(s). Pace yourself and schedule regular time to work on each step. Not only will you minimize your stress levels, but that will give you time to deal with any problems that arise.
9. As with the response papers, I will grade for grammar, following the instructions, logical progression, whether or not you support what you say with specific evidence, etc.
For All Papers: The Problem of Opinion & History Writing
First, some explanation: I make a point of discouraging opinionated history writing because it can create bad history. Historians need to understand the context of any historical event or person in order to analyze what happened. Judging people and their actions according to present-day standards does not work very well because the historical people viewed the world through very different lenses than us. Often, what we would consider as “obviously” good or bad would have looked very different to a person raised in a different time, place, and culture. Therefore, we get better mileage by interpreting what happened by examining what they believed or knew, not what we believe or know. This does not mean that you have to like what someone in the past did or thought. You may even find them despicable. However, you will have trouble understanding them unless you keep in mind what they knew and what they believed.
Second, how does someone avoid making the mistake of opinionated writing? Here are a few ground rules:
1. Avoid using the first person (I, we, our, us, etc.). Make it about the historical events and people, not about you or us. Let your conclusions stand on their own.
2. Remember that your job is not to condemn a historical person or to praise them. Your job is to analyze what they did, trying to understand WHY they did or believed certain things.
3. Avoid emotional or loaded language. Try not to describe things as “horrible”, “wonderful”, “selfish”, “greedy”, “bigoted”, etc. Words like these are based on opinions and personal values. You cannot prove or disprove them by means of historical evidence.
4. Try not to use absolute words and phrases like “always”, “never”, “everyone”, “all”, since they can be easily disproven. Be more cautious with your language, since you really cannot prove that things always or never happened.
5. Think about your own beliefs and values and whether they might affect your conclusions when studying the past. Is there something that you believe that might make you a harsher judge or a more lenient judge of certain historical people? I am not judging anyone’s beliefs, just encouraging you to learn more about them and gain understanding as to how they influence your actions.
6. When in doubt, give the benefit of the doubt to historical people. It may sound strange, but apply the golden rule to your study of them. How would you appreciate a person from another time and/or culture judging you? Consider that while writing.
General Advice for the Course
1. Read the syllabus! Not only will I quiz you on the information found there, but that is where you look first to learn about our semester schedule, assignment instructions, tips for analyzing sources, and the ground rules for the course.
2. If you are confused or unsure about anything, read the syllabus and our Canvas page first. If you are still confused, ask me a question via email. DO NOT WAIT!! Ask the question as soon as it comes up. I promise that I do not bite and I care about your success in the course.
3. You are responsible for knowing the instructions for assignments, due dates, rules for the class, etc. I will try to remind you of relevant information, but that does not change your responsibility.
4. Read all of the assignments, both the textbook selections and the assigned primary source documents. All of them are fair game for the tests and the documents are the basis for your response papers. You will understand lecture videos, exams, and papers much better if you have done the reading ahead of time.
5. This sounds simple, but DO ALL THE WORK!! Almost everyone who has ever failed one of my courses did so because they did not complete one or more assignments. Even if you do not fully understand an assignment, still complete it. Getting even half credit is far better than no credit. As always, if you do not understand something, ask me. Not understanding an assignment is not an excuse for never completing it.
6. Take notes on your reading, to help you review and remember important information.
7. History is a reading and writing discipline. Therefore, if you do not read and do not write, you will miss out on the full benefits of the course. Nothing helps improve your writing like writing, revising your papers, getting help from someone else, and trying again. Pay attention to my comments on your papers and always ask me if you do not understand any comments.
8. Manage your time. Make up a schedule for the semester that includes important due dates and marks out time to work on papers, particularly the various stages of your analytical paper. This will reduce your stress level and give you time to address any problems that arise.
9. If you have a problem completing an assignment, if you cannot make a deadline, if you have a major crisis that will make it difficult to fulfill the course requirements, or any other difficulty, please contact me as soon as possible! I understand that life sometimes gets in the way, emergencies happen, and schedules can conflict, but I cannot help you if I do not know about the problem. Do not wait until the last minute or until weeks after the due date.
10. I record all grades on Canvas, so you can always check there to see what you have so far. Keep on top of your grades. After you complete an assignment, remember that it will take me at least a few days (sometimes a week) to grade it and return it to you. However, if you have not heard from me and/or seen a grade on Canvas after a week (for response papers or exams) or a couple of weeks (for the analytical paper first draft), or if you never see a score for your topic selection or draft bibliography, LET ME KNOW! Perhaps there was a software problem, a computer crash, or maybe I forgot something. Regardless, do not wait. Address the problem right away.
US constitution and Legislation
US constitution and Legislation
Name
Institution Affiliation
Date
Introduction
United States democracy has evolved with time to allow the development of proper presentation of all American citizens. Democracy is practiced at state or federal level. Decisions made by public officials provide a proper nullification of democracy since they are based on the American constitution. There is a specified system on how laws provide a framework of checks and balances. In particular, American constitutional laws specify how and what should be done. The commencing research will examine in detail the U.S constitutional checks and balances. Secondly, the research will outline the process of turning a bill into law.
Constitutional Check and Balances
Constitutional check and balances are designed to protect individual rights against violation by the government. Aycock (2009, pp. 155) argues that, checks and balances rest on system separation and balancing of power. The system has been historically applied since ancient times of the Greeks civilization. Greeks provided a composed system of monarchy, democracy and aristocracy. The three organs operated independently from each other. On this hand, the American system achieves an appropriate balance system on the three arms of government. These are the legislature, the judiciary, and the executive. The legislature is divided into main houses of Congress.
The American constitution is adopted from the 18th century French philosopher Charles De Secondat, Baron de Monstequie. According to Secondat, it was important to separate powers from each other, and this enabled the development of robust policy ideologies. Secondat envisioned separation of powers as a necessity for the proper operations of the democracy. Thus, the draft envisioned the development of the balances, and this remained divided between the three arms of government. Each of the government is supposed to monitor the operations of the other. The goal is orient each arm to ensure that it meets goals and objectives of democracy (Brown, 2004, pp. 98)
The executive is mandated to carry the laws developed by the legislative power. In particular, the executive in checking the legislature can preside over special sessions of the congress. The executive also exercises the veto power and recommend legislation. The executive can also appeal through petitions. The executive also provides check and balances to the judicial. President appoints the supreme courts and federal judges.
Lindquist and Corley (2011, pp. 499) argues that, the judiciary provides its list of check and balances. The judges of the Supreme Court have security of tenure and cannot be impeached by the executive. Secondly, through the judicial review, courts can provide check and balances to the executive. Courts check the legislature by judging legislative acts as unconstitutional. For this reason, the court is entitled to validate whether motions tackled at the floor of the congress meet the required threshold of quality; that is, whether they are responsive to national problems
The legislature is the chief whip since it is given power to make laws. The legislature checks the executive by monitoring executive actions. Secondly, the congress can also remove the president through impeachment. Congress can override presidential vetoes by providing a two-thirds majority vote. The senate in particular approves executive appointments. The legislature also monitors the judiciary proactively. Firstly, the legislature creates lower courts. Secondly, the legislature has the power to remove a judge through impeachment (Lindquist and Corley, 2011, pp. 489). Thirdly, the senate approves appointments to judges.
With time, the American constitution has ratified check and balances and evolved into complex give and take branches of the government. Each check and balance provides equal presentation to the other. In summary, one will notice that the constitution ratifies that the fundamental principle improvises freedom to the people. Firstly, the constitution provides sovereignty and control to the people. The government, which has been elected by people, makes decisions jointly. Separation of power prohibits any branch from gaining too much power. The federal system allows the states’ rights in a centralized control.
Qn 2
How a bill becomes a law at the national level
A bill becomes into law at various processes. Basic elements of the process at which the bill becomes into law at the national level are processed at the congress with the executive and judiciary offering vital recommendations. The process is ratified free from horse-trading and information negotiation. Both the senate and chambers of parliament are at free will to make laws. The following description will provide the basic steps at which a bill becomes into law.
Introduction of the Bill
Any house member can introduce a proposed piece of legislation, and this is handled at the house. In chambers of parliament, the legislation is placed at the hopper or handled by the clerk. While at the senate, the presiding officer announces the introduction of the bill during the morning hours of the sitting. In both houses, the bill is assigned a bill number and labeled with the sponsor’s name. The bill is sent to the Government printing office, and copies are made for proper reading (Lindquist and Corley, 2011, pp. 474).
Committee Action
After careful reading, the bill is referred to house speaker who is presides the house. Each house has its speaker and deputy speaker. Parliament or senate representative processes referral decisions. Bills are handled either by one or multiple committees, and the speaker specifies the appropriate time of each committee sessions. Committee members are expected to carry out a vote on decisions before the bill is taken back to the floor. Subcommittee provides findings of the full committee at smaller units. A mark-up session provides possible additions or revisions geared towards improving the bill. Committee staff prepares the necessary documentation on behalf of committee members. This can be reports, which either explain the contention or favor the development of the bill.
Floor Action
Clerks of the either houses place the calendar based on how bills have been reported. House speaker and the leaders majority decide how each bill will be presided. Bills are brought to the floor based on the will of the majority leader. However, it is notable that some bills never makes it to the floor (Schulman and Zelizer, 2008, p. 1). Debating is conducted through placing of rules. The process are decided based on how much time should be specified. Amendments process are strict, and a quorum call is initiated to ensure that enough members are present to enroll the bill. Once a quorum is ratified, the voting bill is passed on. Voting exercise closes the billing process. Each floor either votes to shoot down or ratifies the bill.
Conference committee/ the president
If the bill fails, members from either of the two houses form a conference to tackle the differences. The committee, which is made up of senior members who are appointed by the presiding officer, originally deals with the bill contentious clauses. House representative seek maintain a reliable version of the bill. Both the house and senate approve the conference report. Committee reaches a compromise through a well return report, which is submitted to each chamber. If the bill is ratified, a copy is sent to the president for review. The bill can be signed into law within 10 days of close checking. If the president does not sign the bill, a veto is sent back to the house for review. However, if veto of the bill is overridden, then the bill can become into law.
References
Aycock, A. (2009). By Oath or Affirmation: Six Books About the U.S. Constitution. The
Missouri Review, 32(1), 155-166.
Brown, J. P. (2004). A Revolution in Favor of Government: Origins of the U.S. Constitution and
the Making of the American State. History: Reviews of New Books, 32(3), 98-99.
Lindquist, S. A., & Corley, P. C. (2011). The Multiple-Stage Process of Judicial Review: Facial
and As-Applied Constitutional Challenges to Legislation before the U.S. Supreme Court.
The Journal of Legal Studies, 40(2), 467-502.
Schulman, B. J., & Zelizer, J. E. (2008). Introduction: The Constitution and Public Policy in U.S.
History. Journal of Policy History, 20(01), 1.
Health Care Services in the US
Health Care Services in the US
Introduction
The United States is perhaps the largest economy in the world which implies that it is a leader in nearly every important service delivery systems in the economy. Among the vital service delivery systems that an economy with such a stature is expected to flawlessly take care of ahead of other economies is healthcare. Despite the sensitivity with which healthcare has in defining the success of relevant institutions and departments, the American authorities have struggled with efficiency in the sector. It has not only been extremely expensive for the government to provide sustainable healthcare to its citizenry but is has also become a yardstick and critic tool against the political class. The impact of politics and financial players’ manipulation to healthcare policy setting and implementation seems to be a complex cycle that only radical surgery can intervene to provide the needed realignment. When compared to the best standards in healthcare provision, the US performance is not a reflection of its capacity in a number of aspects which need urgent addressing if equity among the poor and rich populations is to be achieved. It could be ironical for the country to lead in assisting other poor countries in meeting sustainable economic performance characterized by efficient systems such as healthcare provision while it continues to suffer with poor results in such areas due to poor strategy and planning.
Many challenges facing the sector present an important policy and managerial headache to the involved stakeholders in a way that many agree that it could be avoided. Borrowing a leaf from major performers in the industry could assist in formulation of appropriate mechanisms to deal with the healthcare condition in the US, although some interventions would require extensive consideration due to inherent differences between various countries (Johnson, para.5). Other solutions could be improvised from available practices in other sectors with equal importance such as food security and homeland security. This discourse interrogates the unprecedented poor performance by the US healthcare system while compared with a number of other world leading economies. The outline of the paper is as guided by the questions under consideration giving possible interventions that can be incorporated to improve the situation.
1. How would your plan provide coverage for currently uninsured citizens?
There is a huge proportion of the American population without healthcare coverage due to the traditional policy of health care insurance. Due to the financial complexity of meeting the insurance coverage, a huge section of the population amounting to over 47 million people cannot afford healthcare. This makes the implemented healthcare system inefficient in covering the entire population, despite the heavy spending by the federal government. Taking sides with the UK healthcare system, I would provide healthcare provision to the uncovered population through provision of affordable financing for the low income earners. This financing would require realignment of major government spending needs for proper priority needs. In the realignment, the most important aspect of policy targets would include political and management contributions.
In terms of political involvement in the healthcare provision realignment for the uninsured, focus will be paid to the legal hurdles involved in making radical changes in the healthcare sector. High level lobbying is usually involved in the modern healthcare provision systems to such an extent that the political class makes political mileage on healthcare debates. Incorporating healthcare within the seriousness that national security framework has would be important for the country. Political integration for a policy that would ensure a fundamental change from the current ineffective system will ensure that the political bureaucracy is handled with accuracy. Perhaps the most potent hindrance for a complete overhaul to the ineffective regime is due to the inability of the government and political process to take healthcare delivery seriously.
Managing the healthcare in the new system will be realigned to eliminate excesses in the staff requirements, which contributes to excessively expensive regime. Ensuring that the state owned system takes charge of the healthcare industry does not necessarily mean that the private sector will be locked out of business. However, facilitating protection of the populations whether insured or uninsured while maintaining high quality delivery will need government contribution in terms of management and other controls. Whichever the cost the government would incur in the beginning by implementing such firm grip on the policy guideline, it will pay off in the end. The cost of such realignment may necessitate changes in liberalization terms in the industry such creating a boundary in the role of public and private policy in the sector (Chantrill, para. 6).
2. How would your plan deal with economic issues?
In terms of the above mentioned input in handling excessive spending in the healthcare service delivery, the government will ensure that specific steps are taken to avoid destabilizing the public and private sector partnership. Firstly, government spending which appears to be insufficient may prove to be more than sufficient if the funding priorities are redefined. In redefining funding priorities, the government will need to overhaul the current service delivery arrangement where individuals take care of their own expenses. A significant of the heavy spending is directed to administration, which is only incidental to the real spending needs. While it would be important to directly fund the most definitive healthcare needs such as drugs, facilities and research, paying the personnel handsomely seems a priority in the US. Training nurses and doctors in the US is one of the most expensive aspects of the healthcare system, which becomes even complex in their pay packages that are higher than anywhere in the world.
Secondly, the source of funds may be the cause of the confusion in the healthcare sector in the US. While the UK funds its healthcare sector directly, it seems that the spending is not as bloated as it is with the US spending with regard to the national economic performance. Adopting the format in the UK, the government must take care of the spending which is characterized by a mixed up conflict of interests between the government and the private sector. Without destroying the partnership with the private service sector, the government can define the role of the private sector in service delivery while funding could be conducted by the government through arrangements such as taxation. The insurance system is heavily considered than it should be in the US while it is expensive to run for the individual healthcare seeker and the government. Reducing its effective portion in the US healthcare market would prove to be efficient since it only caters for the healthcare of only a few people who can afford the payment demands. Thirdly, introduction of funds to take care of the poor and needy people in the uninsured population would act as a short term move to cushion those who cannot afford healthcare against the impacts of inequitable service provision from the system. By assisting the poor in healthcare, it will ensure a significant proportion of the uninsured population will shift the burden of spending from the expensive insurance coverage. Enhancing activities of government agencies involved in healthcare will lower costs of operation due to less bureaucracy and waivers thereby making healthcare less expensive for the populations. This will further ensure that the poor are able to afford meeting healthcare through government shielding.
3. How would your plan avoid fraud and abuse of health care services?
Perhaps one of the most disturbing loopholes in the management of healthcare in an inefficient system is the management of funds allocated for such systems. In a complex healthcare system with many players as the US case, there are inevitable challenges in the correct application of healthcare funds to the rightfully intended projects. It therefore follows that input must be made in order to improve the situation of accountability and transparency in the use of funds made available for the system to improve healthcare service delivery. Among the most basic accountability inputs that the involved stakeholders need to implement is the basic planning for accountability structures. In the proposed system, structures for funds control which include internal control standards and audit systems will be emphasized. The primary challenge in the setting of the structures is the authenticity of the process where political and financial players would want to make their authority to be felt in key structure positions at both institutional, state and national level. Perhaps one of the most advisable approaches to deal with accountability is ensuring that a standard institutional design exists and is followed at the different levels of implementation. Standardization of the institutional structures for accountability purposes will ensure that financial offices are given the importance that it deserves (Chantrill, para.3).
In dealing with fraud, internal control standards set out in professional accounting and audit requirements for public and private institutions will be emphasized. In the standards, processes involving funds handling will be formulated in line with efficient financial management practices. It will be important that handling of funds is conducted with professionalism from petty cash transactions authorization, authentication and documentation to medium transactions and large multimillion transactions. Requirements for overall accountability at the institutional level will be rolled out in the other higher levels of service delivery to complement the national outlook for funds management. Internal controls will require constant reviews and enhancement programs rolled out across the country just as it happens in other sectors such as the education sector. Involvement of financial professionals and experts in the building up of the necessary structures for accountability will be sought, since the medical staff may not competitively deal with financial challenges with the required concentration.
In dealing with abuse of healthcare services, strong system implementation oversight teams will be incorporated in checking management and authorities in implementing the proposed healthcare system. It is perhaps important to implement a unique management initiative that will ensure that irregularities in the management of healthcare resources are avoided or firmly dealt with. Ensuring that the control of the resources is followed up to the last detail will ensure that the loopholes involved in accountability are also appropriately dealt with. Among the most important deterrent measures in dealing with misuse of funds is formulation of severe punitive actions such as harsh fines and jail terms or both. It therefore implies that legislative input must be sought in various capacities. 4. How would your plan deal with the need to allocate services given the limited resources and increasing demand and a population which is both aging and increasingly poor?
Limited resources funding the massive needs in the healthcare service delivery is perhaps a creation of the complexity of the system in the US. To ensure that the resources become available for various needs of the health sector as mentioned above, it will be important to facilitate a complete overhaul in the setting up of priorities. The most important aspects of the healthcare system are underfunded while subsidiary and support services are not proportionally taken care of with regard to the quality and actual delivery of the services. In terms of unlocking the development of activities in the healthcare sector in terms of redirecting funding from the less important channeling to the fundamental needs of healthcare elements, it is important to carry out an analysis of the actual breakdown of funding. After defining the funding units and areas in the industry, it will be possible to formulate policy in order to facilitate discriminative shifting of funding to the appropriate areas. Just as in flexible budgeting which realigns itself with the most pressing needs as a priority, it will ensure that the limited funds are applied in the most important areas of spending.
The limitation of funding in the US healthcare system is mainly represented by the fact that the administrative costs of the complicated system outweigh the benefits of healthcare to the population. Management of public resources in such a scenario will necessitate a different approach in allocation of funds for the various areas of concern in the system. One of the most important interventions in management is total quality management which applies principles of maximum production and quality while targeting the most minimum of costs and excesses. In such a management system, the bloated wage and remuneration element of the healthcare system would be found to be the hindrance to delivery of results.
Increasing demand in healthcare would be facilitated by ensuring that the healthcare system is funded to meet the numerous numbers by raising the number of nurses and doctors per unit population. This can be achieved in line with the total quality management which will save on excesses in the system and spare them for such elements in the healthcare delivery systems. The state of the US number of healthcare attendants taking care of a unit population figure is poor than that of the UK. For midwives and nurses, the US has 94 per 10000 while the UK has 128 per 10000 respectively. Bearing in mind that the US has an expansive geographical coverage, it is a poor score when compare with the UK. In terms of beds for the same population, the US has 31 while the UK has 39, which shows a huge disparity in coverage of the entire population in the two economies. This may be the explanation for the score in life expectancy at birth difference in the two economies with the US scoring 78 against UK’s 80. This is a stunning contrast in terms of per capita spending between the two countries which stands at $6719 (0ver 15 per cent of GDP) for US and $2815 (slightly over 8 per cent of GDP) for UK which is not represented in the results (Heslop, para. 4).
An increase in the aged population healthcare seekers implies that the number of people dependent on the government is also likely to exceed. While the heavy spending in the government budgetary allocation patterns regarding healthcare is not likely to fully support the aged, it implies that the aged population will increasingly face difficulties if the above outlined measures are not taken. The most important move in this scenario is to lay down the infrastructure to ensure that funding for healthcare of the aged, the poor and children is sustainably supported by the excessive funding of an inefficient system. Borrowing a leaf from the case of healthcare in the UK, healthcare provision for such vulnerable groups should be conducted in a different approach. Pensionable individuals should make savings towards their retired days needs among them being healthcare which should be under the control of the government. Subjecting these populations to cheaper healthcare services funded by sustainable programs will ensure that the other vibrant population finds it possible to meet their own healthcare since the dependants are fewer (usa-vs-uk.com, para.2). Alternatively, providing healthcare to the aged will ensure that they don not continue to work past their working days in order to meet their own healthcare expenditure. Such a move will facilitate the creation of job opportunities for the young generation raising economic benefits through employment, which can be used as a source of funding for government healthcare systems through income taxation.
Works Cited
“USA Vs UK Healthcare,” us-vs-uk.com, 2005. Web. HYPERLINK “http://www.usa-vs-uk.com/healthcare.html” http://www.usa-vs-uk.com/healthcare.html (Accessed 3 September 2011)
Chantrill, Christopher. “US Healthcare Spending,” usgovernmentspending.com, 2011. Web. HYPERLINK “http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/us_health_care_spending_10.html” http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/us_health_care_spending_10.html (Accessed 3 September 2011)
Heslop, Katy. “How Does US Healthcare Compare to the Rest of the World?” guardian.co.uk, 2010. Web. HYPERLINK “http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2010/mar/22/us-healthcare-bill-rest-of-world-obama” http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2010/mar/22/us-healthcare-bill-rest-of-world-obama (Accessed 3 September 2011)
Johnson, Toni. “Healthcare Costs and US Competitiveness,” 2010. Web. HYPERLINK “http://www.cfr.org/health-science-and-technology/healthcare-costs-us-competitiveness/p13325” http://www.cfr.org/health-science-and-technology/healthcare-costs-us-competitiveness/p13325 (Accessed 3 September 2011)