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Two Party State of Texas
Two Party State of Texas
Student’s Name
Institution of Affiliation
Course
Instructor
Date
Two Party State of Texas
In the united states most of the people willing to take public leadership campaigning and due to the system it is very difficult to have a person who might not win continue with campaign therefore most of the individuals withdraw from the politics in fear of losing a lot of funds at failing to win. Winner take all representative is the kind of leadership in the United States and this makes the people develop a deeper connection with their leader. This means that the person who receives the highest number of votes is the one that gets into that position. This is despite the fact that the candidate might not have reached the majority number.
Even though in some countries there is the majority requirement for a person to get into any seat it is very difficult to enact in the United States because of several reasons and one of them being the financial implications of that. For example if a state enacts that it means that they have to re run for campaign and make sure that the elections is done again in case there is no person who has the majority vote. Campaigning again and trying to convince people is always very difficult(Krasner, 2018). Therefore the United States structure is such that they have to convince the citizens the reasons why they have to be voted in as their leaders and because there is always the fear of not being able to win most of the potential candidates do not really run for office. This leaves very few people to run for office.
Due to the winner take it all type of system individuals get demoralized since in case they know a person who has higher chances of winning they get to know automatically that they will be wasting their resources since majority requirement might not apply. This was the case even during the Abraham Lincoln time as he won the election without a majority vote.
In the United States the political seats are majorly covering a large area and third parties are usually not so popular in every place. This means that even if they present their candidates the chances of winning are so low such that they just give up and leave the two common political powers to continue with the elections (American Government, Toward Collective Action: Mediating Institutions, Political Parties, The Two-Party System, n.d.). This is exactly what happens in Texas since it is so big most of the political parties which are third party just give up because they are not popular enough to give any of their candidates enough votes to enable them run for office and win. This is a very difficult situation for third parties as they are always left behind and unable to compete with the already established political parties as they are not popular enough. Republicans and democrats therefore are left to rule the political system since no other political has made it to the top in terms of popularity.
ReferencesAmerican Government, Toward Collective Action: Mediating Institutions, Political Parties, The Two-Party System. (n.d.). OERTX Repository. Retrieved October 13, 2021, from https://oertx.highered.texas.gov/courseware/lesson/1206/student/?task=3Krasner, B. (Ed.). (2018). The two-party system in the United States. Greenhaven Publishing LLC.
Two Great Events And The Contributors Of The Events In The Mathematics Field
Two Great Events And The Contributors Of The Events In The Mathematics Field
The pre-20th century saw great events which brought about various inventions and discoveries especially in the mathematics field. There were various people who made great contributions to the mathematics field which are applicable and still in use to date. This paper will therefore look at two among the many great events and the contributors of the events in the mathematics field.
About 250BC there were various inventions and contributions by Archimedes who was considered as being among the greatest mathematicians in history. He is still honored for the various contributions he made in geometry, mechanics, physics and technology. He is listed among the three greatest mathematicians. His greatest contribution to the field of mathematics was particularly in the area of geometry. Aside from being a mathematician he was also an engineer who was accomplished in the field as well as an inventor he is was however thought to be obsessed with geometry.
Among his great contributions were the discovery of how to find the volumes of spheres and he went ahead to discover the exact pi value which he calculated as well as devising the notion of mathematical exponents. pi which is a Greek letter is used in the description of ratios of circle’s circumference an diameter. He pinpointed pi value as being between 3-10/71 and 3-1/7.this he arrived by inscription of a 96 sided polygon inside a circle. The discoveries were published in measurement of the circle. He also discovered the principal of buoyancy and when he discovered it he went out shouting Eureka in the streets. This was the principle of water displacement that he discovered when he was taking a birth. He is also said to be the first one to invent integral calculus about 2000 years just before Newton and Leibniz. Another of his contributions was the power of ten that refers to a way of counting where 0’s in a number that saw the elimination of Greek alphabet in counting system. This he did so that the numbers he came up with would be included in the number system (Ferris, 2010).
He devised a number of geometric formulas that are still in use today in the determination of volume and area. He also discovered how to figure out the area that is enclosed under a parabolic curve. This he did using a very ingenious argument that involved the construction of an infinite number of triangles inscribed that exhausted the area that was in the parabolic segments. This is arguably the most beautiful pieces of mathematics in record. This contribution was of great importance particularly to Isaac Newton who developed calculus. He also found out how calculations of areas of circles could be done as well as establishing the formula that would be used when determining volumes of spheres and cylinders. He went ahead to discuss properties of Archimedean spiral that he described as being the distance from a point that is fixed for instance 0 of any point let’s say P on the spiral is normally proportional to the angle that is located between OP and another fixed line O. through this evaluation of areas that he made that involved the spiral he paved way for the development of calculus that was put to book in the seventeenth century (Ferris, 2010).
In 1837 there was another invention that was discussed by Liouville which was integral equations and which gave Sturm-Liouville theory that was used in solving of equations a new meaning and more emphasis. Joseph Liouville was best known for his famous work on transcendental numbers. He went ahead to construct an infinite class of such like numbers. His work involved various fields in mathematics that are inclusive of fields such as the number theory, differential geometry as well as topology, complex analysis as well as going into the field of mathematics physics as well as astronomy.
The Liouville theorem was one of his most important works which is nowadays just a basic result in complex analysis. Through this number theory he went ahead to prove that transcendent al numbers were in existence through his construction by using numbers that were known as Louville numbers which were actually continued fractions. In mathematical physics he was of great importance through two very fundamental contributions that include the sturm-Liouville theory that he had done together with Charles Francois Sturm and this was the standard procedure that was used in solving a particular type of integral equations through the development of eignen functions as well as the fact that was known as Liouville’s theorem which is a time evolution a measure that is used in the preservation for Hamiltonian systems. In the Hamiltonian dynamics, Liouville also saw the introduction of the notion of action-angle variables that was to be used in describing in a complete manner intergrable system. In the modern times this formulation came to be known as Liouville -Arnold theorem which has a concept that underlying it known as the concept of intergrability that is referred to as Liouville integrability.
There are therefore various mathematics inventions that are still in use today despite the fact that they were put into book very many years ago. This means that all this inventions were important and hence they should be put into use effectively.
References
Ferris,D.(2010). The Contributions of Archimedes in Geometry. Retrieved February 17, 2013 from http://www.ehow.com/info_8407341_contributions-archimedes-geometry.htmlUniversity of St.Andrews Scotland.(2001). A Mathematical Chronology. Retrieved February 17, 2013 from http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Chronology/full.html
two_entrepreneurial_titans
Two Entrepreneurial Titans
Name
Institution
Course
Date
Question 1: Three aspects of both Mary Kay Ash and Anita Roddick and my Opinion on who is better
Leadership
Women pose a serious challenge for men in the field of business. Mary Kay Ash and Anita Riddick are two women who are perfect examples of how women can rise in business. Mary Kay Ash was very successful as a salesperson in Dallas. Her leadership skills are evident as we see someone she had trained promoted above her although this made her quit her job. From this, we can see what a mentor she was. On the other hand, Anita Roddick is famous for her establishment of a very successful British 21st century brand. Her business succeeded despite starting as a small shop in Brighton. Her leadership was appreciated by the people for her altruistic approach in business (Anita Roddick, 1994).
Attitude
Entrepreneurs are known to be passionate about solving problems in business. The greatest achievement for Mary Kay Ash is her successful power strategy that helped her to overturn the mentality held by many that the competitive world of business was not meant for women. She was able to show the world that women were equally capable in business as men. Her desire and positive attitude towards succeeding brought many women in key positions in all industries. Anita Roddick remains the most creative and influential British leaders in business. She was a strong advocate for women in leadership and championed for human rights who did not give up on her dreams (Roddick, 2000). The two entrepreneurs strived to solve their problems by adopting the attitude that challenges have to be experienced in the world of business and they have to be dealt with. The two women were instrumental in opening the doors for women in business.
Incentive
Mary Kay Ash and Anita Roddick popularized the lavish incentive with which they retained and recruited more employees into their businesses. Ash’s top representatives were recognized through awards for their exemplary performance (Ash, 2009). Ash allowed her employees to work as much or as little as they wanted; they were never under pressure to work. Great business mattered a lot to Anita Roddick, which was connected to very many things: protecting animal rights, the ozone layer, and the destruction of forests just to mention. Her incentives were crucial and a revolutionist sense in the growth of her business. Mary and Anita were able to establish powerful brands over the Internet; brands that were built on environmentally aware consumerism.
My Pick – Anita Roddick
Anita is a renowned leader in entrepreneurship and is famous even today, many years after her death. She was a true pioneer in trade communism whose company was able to expand in the whole market. Apart from business, Anita was involved in other many activities that were aimed to make the lives of her people better, for example, defending human rights.
Question 2: Significance of achievements by Ash and Anita on women leadership
Mary Kay Ash and Anita Roddick were able to cement the idea that women had an important role to play in the society on matters of leadership. They left their jobs and were haunted by success in their new business ventures where they opened doors for other women thereby establishing gender equality in business leadership (Adler, 1997).
In my opinion, the greatest achievement by Mary Kay Ash was overcoming the notion that women are weaker than men and cannot do well in business than men. She overcame this and led the way for other women. On the other hand, I consider Roddick’s greatest achievement to be her exemplary transformational leadership and her pioneering role in social responsibility as well as community building.
Question 3: Analyzing Mary Kay Ash’s Quote
People are very important to any business because businesses are there for them. Different categories off people should be treated in the right way for the business to do well. To begin with, employees are at the forefront of taking care of customers. They play a crucial role in solving problems. Employees should be empowered to satisfy customers. Communication is an important tool to treat people well.
A company should put in place measures that encourage open communication, an important tool in achieving business objectives and customer satisfaction. People who receeive the right treatment are likely to develop loyalty to the company; therefore, it will be easy to retain employees and customers. Businesses that treat care about their people’s welfare and seek to empower them, for example, by training employees, are open to flexibility. The reason for this is that employees are capable of handling different roles. Companies should, therefore, treat their people right for their own good.
Question 4: Importance of quote and lessons from it
Quote: “For me, campaigning and good business is also about putting forward solutions, not just opposing destructive practices or human rights abuses.”
From this quote, we can deduce that research is a key element in campaigning and good business practices. A business can alter its perception and improve the position of its brand in the market but the right channels should be followed; this involves advancing the right solutions. There is more to campaigning than just opposing destructive practices or abuse of human rights.
This quote has important lessons for managers. First, managers can learn that making the right decisions is crucial for business survival. Moreover, the highly competitive business environment leaves no room for wrong moves. Secondly, managers should know that successful businesses are not all about profit making. The existence of a business should be aimed at making it the best in its field. Companies must also be aware of their responsibility towards the community (Banks, & Zimmerman, 1987).
Question #5: Examining Ash’s and Roddick’s leadership styles.
Anita Roddick’s style of leadership is of the transactional type. With this type of leadership style, she is able to influence team members to obey them and accept their roles at the various job positions. Transactional leadership also involves rewarding team members for their exceptional performance.
Mary Kay Ash is a charismatic leader. She is a leader who was known to use inspiration to motivate her team members. Charismatic leaders use this style to try and retain their employees. Mary Kay is quite successful at this as she is able to add more people to her business over time.
I would choose Anita’s leadership over Mary’s. I would definitely follow this style of leadership because I believe it is far much better than a charismatic style of leadership. Teamwork is very important and if a leader has the ability to influence their team members, then they have a good chance of achieving their objectives. Employees under a charismatic style of leadership are motivated to work more because they are able to associate with their positions at work (Sinha, Chazal, & Cullen, 2015).
References
Adler, N. J. (1997). Global leadership: Women leaders. MIR: Management International Review, 171-196.
Anita Roddick. (1994). Body and soul: profits with principles, the amazing success story of Anita Roddick & the Body Shop. Three Rivers Press.
Ash, M. K. (2009). The Mary Kay Ways: Timeless Principles from America’s Greatest Woman Entrepreneur. John Wiley & Sons.
Banks, J., & Zimmerman, P. R. (1987). The Mary Kay ways: The feminization of a corporate discourse. journal of communication inquiry, 11(1), 85-99.Hattwick, Richard E. “Mary Kay Ash”. Journal of Behavioral Economics 16.4 (1987): 61-70. Web.
Roddick, A. R. (2000). Business as unusual. Thorsons,.
Sinha, S. S., Chazal, R. A., & Cullen, M. W. (2015). Mentorship, Leadership, and Teamwork.