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The Effects of Oil Drilling on Humans and Environments
The Effects of Oil Drilling on Humans and Environments
Student Name
Nash Community College
Abstract
The effects of oil drilling on humans and the environment’s they live are substantial. The effects start from the moment of construction and can last forever. Current concerns are arising in low-populated areas where oil exploration is new or untapped. These areas and the people that live in them have undergone significant changes due to the oil drilling. Oil drilling contaminates freshwater and food sources like animals and crops. Because of the contamination, some of the effects on the human body include an increase in diseases, cancers, and mutations. Other effects on the environment include global warming, the change migration and reproduction patterns, the disintegration of food chains.
The Effects of Oil Drilling on Humans and Environments
Chelala, C. (1998). Colombian U’wa face hazards of oil drilling. The Lancet, 352(9123), 209.
Retrieved from http://nclive.org/cgi-bin/nclsm?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/
199079468?accountid=12675
Cesar Chelala is a medical doctor and researcher. He has participated in numerous health-related missions all over the world for organizations like UNICEF and USAID. He has also worked as a researcher at New York City’s Public Health Institute and New York University School of Medicine. In this article, Chelala details how oil drilling impacts indigenous people and their habitats. He primarily focuses on the U’wa people of the Andes region. Chelala provides information on how the contamination of soil and water from oil drilling can lead to crop failure and the death of animals. He concludes from the data collected that drilling from oil can also lead to human health deterioration. The purpose of his article is to protect indigenous people and their natural environments from the harmful side effects of oil exploration. The information from this article is relevant to my research question because the article outlines the domino effect of oil drilling on an environment. Chelala’s health missions to countries in the Andes region coupled with this article show his investment to the preservation of people and the environments that they live in.
Finkel, M.L., Hays, J., & Law, A. (2013). Modern natural gas development and harm to health:
The need for proactive public health policies. ISRN Public Health, doi:http://dx.doi.org/1
0.1155/2013/408658
Finkel, Hays, and Law combined make up a team of professors, doctors, and researchers. Each author has a background in medicine and science. In this article, the authors outline the main health effects of oil drilling on the human body. The article also discusses how oil drilling produces the contamination of air, soil, and water. The article brings awareness to humans on realistic health concerns such as diseases and mutations that can occur in oil drilling communities. This article supports my topic by showing how oil pollution can break down the human body by attacking the different organ systems.
Heilprin, J. (2003, Mar 05). Effects of alaska oil drilling continue to mount, report says. Oakland
Tribune Retrieved from http://nclive.org/cgibin/nclsm?url=http://search.proquest.com/do
cview/351863750?accountid=12675
John Heilprin is a journalist for the Associated Press. In this article, Heilprin describes the environmental changes caused by oil drilling. He explains the pros and cons that oil drilling can have on an environment. He provides examples of how harm caused by oil exploration provides more harm than positive outcomes. He tells how oil drilling has drawn dangerous predators like foxes out of hiding and therefore endangered rare species. This article builds on the other articles that I have researched by supporting the idea that oil drilling causes major changes to environments.
Horton, J. (2008). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from http://science.howstuffworks.com/
environmental/energy/offshore-drilling-controversy.htm
Jennifer Horton is an environmental studies scholar. In her article, she highlights the effects of offshore oil drilling on environments. Horton shines a light on how the chemicals that are released from oil drilling can have high toxicity levels. Thus, the chemicals can poison water and kill animals. The author also provides information on how oil exploration can create seismic waves that disturb sea mammal’s migration patterns. Aside from harm to wildlife, Horton expresses concerns regarding the significant erosion that occurs from oil drilling. This article is helpful because it helps to identify key oil drilling effects on oceans and coastlines.
McLendon, R. (n.d.). 5 dangers of oil drilling in the Arctic Ocean. Retrieved October 21,
2016, from http://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/wilderness-resources/blogs/5-dangers-of-oil-drilling-in-the-arctic-ocean
Russell McLendon works for Mother Nature Network as the science editor. In this article, McLendon describes why oil exploration in the Arctic Ocean is dangerous. This article informs that the noise from the drilling can throw off animal migration and change reproduction patterns. McLendon details how oil spills can make the ocean toxic and kill wildlife. McLendon also reveals how ecological recovery from oil drilling is a slow and sometimes impossible process. This article relates to my research because it proves that oil drilling can be damaging and leave long-term devastation to environments.
Sovacool, B.K. (2007). Environment damage, abandoned treaties, and fossil-fuel dependence:
The coming costs of oil-and-gas exploration in the “1002 area” of the arctic national
Wildlife refuge. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 9(2), 187-201. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-005-9013-4
Benjamin Sovacool is a Professor of Energy Policy at the Science Policy Research Unit at the University of Sussex, and he is Director of the Sussex Energy Group and Center on Innovation and Energy Demand. He has researched topics such as climate change, energy supply, and environmental sustainability. In this article, Sovacool describes the implications of oil drilling in Alaska. He provides examples on how the waste that is developed from oil drilling can negatively impact the wilderness by breaking down food-chains and contributing to global warming. The purpose of this article is to inform people on how oil drilling is harmful to the Arctic. This article is useful to my topic because it discusses how oil exploration will break apart ecosystems.
the gap is likely to reduce in the next two decades due to the rapidly expanding economies of the developing countries. In addition
the gap in human rights protection and environmental conditions might reduce. As noted earlier
Preliminary stages in law
Preliminary stages
Student’s Name
Affiliation
Course
Date
In law the ability to conduct a criminal investigation is based on the foundation of an effective and efficient preliminary study. It is not clearly stated on the procedures as each crime has its own guidelines but we are following general steps. Agents are tasked with identifying if a crime has occurred where relevant information is evaluated. The supervisor reviews the information and determines who committed the crime. If the head office approves criminal investigations are initiated. Then it is the work of the first responding officer to identify the victim and time and place which crime took place. The officer can use solvable factors to determine who committed the crime (Nikoltchev, 2004). The preliminary investigation then uses the first responding officer to identify and assisting in obtaining information from the questions asked. The next step is to identify solvability factors that determine the present in order to improve.
A good and efficient follow up strategy is by investigating solvability factors. This are questions that a supervisor answers, they act as guidelines in assisting to solve the investigation. The answers determine likelihood of follow up investigation that would include use of information from incident and supplement reports that have answers to basic questions. The supervisor might also use the actual physical evidence or depending on the situation a jail booking report would be better source of information for a follow up investigation (Boatright, 2011).
Analytical Mindset: The investigator must have keen attention to details. He or she must be effective in chasing leads and should have a sense of curiosity that would help him identify suspects. Investigator must have knowledge about the matter at hand a must have factual information to make critical connections between unrelated facts. Sense of integrity :A true professional should avoid the wrong choice in convictions. The investigator should have a powerful intelligence of reliability. (Nikoltchev, 2004) This assists an investigation in to hold contradictions and wrongful judgments until all information necessary is gathered. Concise and complete documentation allows the client to understand what facts the investigator is basing his conclusions on. Trust worthiness and fairness an investigator should be open minded at the outset and ability to get trust. If an investigator is not fair and becomes bias, he will not look in the right places for information and will not have an accurate conclusion of the information.
Sudden deaths might be as a result of heart failure, kidney failure or death brought by natural causes, while sex related crime will have major implications as it can be rape or child molestation. A sudden death will draw information from the victims and will not have a lot of reports since an autopsy report will conclude it as natural. In the sex related crime the report will have to include the victim, witnesses where it occurred and will be a detailed report. This is the information that the supervisor sums up to begin an investigation.
A sudden death report is fast and would take a short while sex related crime would require a longer period to investigate the allegations. In Sudden death most probably nobody will be convicted or tried if its natural causes but if induced it would be the opposite. Sex crimes such as rape, reports have to be drafted and individuals have to be tried in court and convicted for an offence. An autopsy can indicate the cause of death of the victim. Pathologists can note the problems and issues which he/she can confirm from autopsy in the laboratory .Then he/she can submit a report to the investigation team.
Autopsy report of sudden death will show death by natural causes while sex related crimes will show traces of semen. Autopsy will reveal if the victim was killed or died out of natural causes.
Criminal justice has always protected the suspects instead of protecting the victims because they have not been informed about their legal rights. The first amendment is a bill of rights disables the infringements on individuals or entities freedom of information. In respect to constitution ,the government should not interfere with ones privacy and control over thoughts as the constitution protects the right to receive information and ideas irrespective of social worth.. The right to media information was noted in the case between Globe Newspaper vs. Superior court .The right to information is crucial as it abides to the first amendment .Most freedom of information laws indicate that information held by private sector cannot be accessed as a legal right. In regard to the 1st amendment this means that state has no jurisdiction on what an individual should or should not do.
Information law excludes private sector from their jurisdiction and as a result public sector information is now in the private sector (Boatright, 2011).
The right of information is a fundamental right that is constitutionally protected by the first amendments. This is because in recent history the information is crucial in the functioning of judicial process as it should be open to press and public. It has been researched that areas that are prone to criminal activities are more likely to be affected .by television related crimes. This is because a harsh reality engulfs them and fear gently creeps in. They find that crime portrayed on television is significantly and In terms of audience effects, fear of victimization will depend on who is viewing the crime stories. Independent media could not operate freely under the media decree (Nikoltchev, 2004).
Reference
Boatright, R. G. (2011). Interest groups and campaign finance reform in the United States and Canada. (pp. 35-195). Michigan: University of Michigan Press
Nikoltchev, S. (2004) Political debate and the role of the media: The fragility of free speech iris special. (pp. 5-61). Amsterdam: European Audiovisual Observatory