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Business Brief
Business Brief
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For many companies, having employees spread across different regions across the globe can be quite challenging. When RBG acquired Sake Logistics, there are several areas of concern that need to be addressed for the employees of the two companies to establish a working relationship. Some of these include the fact that RBG has taken on employees working in a different time zone, different methods of communication, different ways of thinking and working, as well as different cultures and norms. Before getting down to work, it is crucial to address these issues to make sure that the new employees from Sake Logistics feel welcome and valued so that they can get to work and deliver quality in their work. The four strategic areas in this situation are teamwork, different time zones, negotiating diverse viewpoints and cross-cultural communication.
The first thing that RBG needs to realize is that the employees of Sake Logistics will feel threatened when they first begin working with them. After an acquisition, a company’s employees usually feel that they lack identity in the new company (Kwan 2019). Sake Logistics is a small company of three hundred employees, while RBG has four thousand employees. These numbers offer both an advantage as well as disadvantage. The advantage is that the significant RBG workforce means that there are people from diverse backgrounds, and within the company, there is already a culture of respect and tolerance for others from different backgrounds. For this reason, the RBG employees will adapt quickly to working with the people from Sake Logistics who come from a diverse background and geographical location. However, there is also a disadvantage because the Sake Logistics employees are likely to feel threatened in RBG. When this happens, the employees tend to dig in, and this will affect the delivery and quality of their work. RBG, therefore, needs to come up with a comprehensive plan to absorb Sake employees.
Teamwork is an important part of any organization. When employees can work together as a team, their results are usually better. However, for teams to be able to work together, there must be clear communication. Each team member needs to feel that their opinion is valued. In this case, the Sake employees need to seek a new identity being a part of the RBG team. The RBG employees need to work towards welcoming the new employees so that they feel like part of the team. Because RBG is a significantly larger company than Sake, it is normal for the Sake employees to feel lost because the RBG employees are used to working together. The first thing that RBG management should do is to find out any warning signals that indicate that the Sake team may be feeling threatened. RBG should also study some of the factors that may hinder effective teamwork between employees of the two companies including territorial behaviour, language barriers and different time zones, and come up with ways to deal with them.
Negotiating diverse viewpoints will also be a challenge for the employees of the two new companies. Based on different backgrounds, they may have different ways of doing things. Each company’s employees need to realize that they will face challenges in accepting other people’s way of thinking and their opinions. Once they are open and ready for such challenges, it will be easier for them to come up with ways of collaborating with each other rather than criticizing each other. The management at RBG should also come up with strategies on how to train their employees on how to respect each other’s points of view, as well as how to be assertive in presenting their own opinions.
Working across different time zones will be a major challenge, considering Sake Logistics had employees in Singapore, Saudi Arabia and China. These countries are found in Asia while RBG is located in the United States in North America. Different time zones make it difficult in cases where employees in the different continents have to collaborate on projects or take meetings. The management of RBG has to come up with a plan that ensures that the time zones work in favour of all employees. Because the majority of RBG workforce is in the US, the company should avoid making plans that favour them at the disadvantage of Sake employees. Cross-cultural communication is also another critical area that needs to be addressed. Given that the two companies are found in different regions, there are significant differences in the communication culture. For example, RBG employees may be more assertive and pushy in presenting their ideas, while those from Sake could be more soft-spoken and require encouragement to counter or oppose their RBG counterparts. It is vital for RBG management to make sure that it gives all its employees’ views equal attention regardless of how they are delivered. Management should strive to recognize the differences in their employees rather than coming up with gender and colour-blind policy (Thomas & Ely 1996).
The first recommendation is the setting of clear communication guidelines. Communication will be the most important area, given the language barriers as well as different nonverbal cues involved in the two companies. The company should ensure that there are frequent meetings for employees to catch up and communicate with each other. Tools such as Skype, Dropbox and Google Drive have made it much easier for people across different regions to communicate with each other. In addition to this, RBG should be aware of some of the factors that make teams more efficient than others. One of these factors is the awareness of other people’s emotions which affect their state of mind and consequently how they work. This ability determines which teams are smarter than others (Woolley et al. 2015). Communication is also affected by the different time zones, and this needs to be factored in. RBG should come up with a canvas in which employees can update their availability in case they are required. The company also has to develop a fair schedule for meetings considering the different time zones.
The second recommendation would be for RBG to rethink processes and roles to increase efficiency (Schaubroeck et al. 2016) before the acquisition of Sake Logistics, each employee in the two companies knew exactly what their roles was and how they contributed to the company. After the acquisition, it is only natural that employees struggle to find their new positions and understand the new processes that come with the change. To address this, RBG needs to have a training program to familiarize Sake employees with their new roles as part of the new company. The employees will also need the training to understand the processes and systems of the new company, especially if they vary from those used by Sake Logistics.
To conclude, RBG needs to address the topics of teamwork, diverse viewpoints, different time zones, and cross-cultural communication. One of the ways to do this is to come up with communication guidelines for the employees. This is important, mainly because of time differences as well as communication cultures. RBG should also give clear instructions on roles and processes to help the Sake Logistics employees adapt better to the new RBG environment. Managing employees across regions requires a lot of planning to ensure smooth operations.
References
Ely, R. J., & Thomas, D. A. (1996). Making differences matter: A new paradigm for managing diversity. Harvard Business Review, 74(5), 79-90.
Kwan, L. B. (2019). The Collaboration Blind Spot. HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW, 97(2), 66-73.
Schaubroeck, R., Tarczewski, F. H., & Theunissen, R. (2016). Making collaboration across functions a reality. Mckinsey Journal.
Woolley, A., Malone, T. W., & Chabris, C. F. (2015). Why some teams are smarter than others. New York Times, 16.
ABRAHAMIC COVENANT
ABRAHAMIC COVENANT
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A biblical covenant generally refers to a religious covenant well described in the bible. The Abraham covenant was for Abraham himself and his offspring’s regardless of whether they were of natural birth and adoption. In genesis chapter 12, the chapter marks the important part of Abrahams promises from God. In this chapter, God promises Abraham a great nation. God also promises to bless him and make his name a great name among other names. In chapter 15 of the book of Genesis, God takes up the responsibility of fulfilling the covenant he promised to Abraham. Chapter of 17 of Genesis gives a full insight that the covenant between Abraham and God would be everlasting. In chapter 18 of the book of the Genesis, the terms and stipulation of the covenant are restated. This reticulation is in accordance to the massive destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. It is interconnected to the offering of Isaac, Abraham’s son.
The chart below gives a tabular description of the covenant between Abraham and God. The reference table gives the chapter and the verse and the content which was said. The second table indicates to whom the content in the verse was addressed to, whether God, Abraham, Isaac or Jacob. The third column outlines the circumstances or situations under which the statements’ in the verses were reiterated. The fourth column indicates the ingredients or materials which composed the covenant. The fifth column outlines the development of the covenant in the book of Genesis. The last column elaborates whether there was any change in the content or any change in the emphasis of the covenant.
Reference Addressed to Circumstance under which it was Reiterated “ingredients” which compose the covenant Development in the Book of Genesis Any change in content or emphasis Genesis chapter 12-1- the Lord had said to Abraham to move out of his home country, from his descendants and fore fathers to the place God would show him. Abraham Gods call for Abraham to move from Haran to Canaan Abraham moved from Haran to the land of Canaan. Started with a call from God to Abraham Emphasis put on faith as Gods call to Abraham required faith Genesis 12:2-and the lord will make Abraham and his descendants a great nation and He will bless him and make your name great; and you shall be a great blessing. Abraham Gods call for Abraham to move by faith
Gods promise of blessings to his seeds and off springs. Abrahams call “I will bless thee”. God promises to make Abraham a great nation Genesis 12:3-I will bless those people who bless you, and will put a curse on those that curses you. In this all your families on earth shall be blesses.
Abraham Again Gods call for Abraham move to faith Gods promise of blessings It contains the start of the stages of development. This chapter gives a strong emphasis of who He will bless and those whom He will curse. Genesis 12:7-and the lord appeared unto Abraham and said, I will give land on to your off springs: and there built he an altar unto the lord, who appeared unto him
Abraham God appears to Abraham on himself. Gods promise to Abraham to give him the land of Canaan. also God commands Abraham to build an alter for Him Develops from stage one where God promises to give Abraham a land Gods promise to Abraham that he will give the land of cannan unto his off springs. God also tells Abraham to build an altar for him on that land that he will give him. Genesis 12:8- the lord removed from there a mountain. Bethel was located on the east of the mountain. He pitched his tent. Bethel was on the east and on the west was Hai. There, Abraham built an altar for the lord. After, he called upon the mighty name of the Lord
Abraham Abraham’s execution of the command from God. Abraham obeying the words from the Lord by building an altar for him in the mountain on Bethel. Develops from where God commanded Abraham to move Abraham built an altar as commanded by the lord. Genesis 12:9-and Abraham journeyed, going on still towards the south.
Abraham Abraham following the order of the lord to move from his original homeland Haran to the land the lord will show him. Abraham obedience to the lord. It takes continuation from the chapters one where the lord had instructed Abraham to get out of his country and leave for the destination he will show him. Abrahams move from the land of his descendants unto the place he will be shown by the lord. Genesis 13:1-Abraham went out of Egypt. He went out with his wife and all his property. He didn’t leave behind Lot with him.
Abraham He moved out of the land Faith and obedience Develops from the command to leave his land Emphasis of leaving the land Genesis 13:3-and Abraham set out on his travel to Bethel from the south. Abraham moved to the destination where he had set his tent between the land of Bethel and Hai.
Abraham Abrahams move Gods alter Develops from where Abraham was to build an altar for the lord Gods emphasis for Abraham to build an alter for Him Genesis 13:4-Abraham reached the place where he had set his tent. He called upon the name of the lord.
Abraham Gods call to Abraham. altar Develops from gods command for an alter Emphasis on the altar. Genesis 13:14-then God said to Abram, Lot had been separated with Abraham. Lift up thine own eyes and look the place where you’re on the north, south east and west.
Abraham God talking to Abraham The promised land to Abraham It takes continuation from the promise land in chapter one The promised land Genesis 13:15-for the whole you see with your eyes, the lord will give it to you. Abraham Promise of God Gods promise of land It develops form chapter one where the Lord promised Abraham to give him a land to settle on. “I will give it to you” Genesis 13:16-and the lord will make the seeds of Abraham many: your seed shall be numbered the way man is able to number the dust on the earth.
Abraham. Gods promise to bless Abraham with many seeds. Abraham’s off springs will be many in large numbers. It develops from Gods promise of a great nation in chapter two. Emphasis on a great nation in large numbers. Genesis 13:17-God told Abraham to rise up and cover the whole land lengthwise and breadth wise. All that land will be given unto him.
Abraham Gods voice to Abraham The promised land Continues from the promise of a new land from which Abraham will settle Emphasis on the land Genesis13:18-Abraham set out the tent he had made, and dwelt in the palin of Mamre, which is located in Hebron, and built an altar as per the commands of the lord.
Abraham Abrahams building an altar for the Lord Setting up of an altar for offering sacrifices to the lord Develops from where God commanded Abraham to build an altar for him. Emphasis on the altar of the lord Genesis 15:1-the lord appeared to Abraham in a vision and told Abraham not to fear anything for the lord is His shield and his exceeding big reward.
Abraham Gods vision Gods promise to protect Abraham Started with a vision from the lord Protection and shield unto Abraham Genesis 15:3-and Abraham told the lord that since he had given him no son, he had no heir of his own.
God Abraham plea to God Abraham complains to the lord that he has no heir Abraham lack of his own child Abraham pled to God to give him his own heir Genesis 15:4-the word of the lord came to Abraham saying that he will get an heir from his own blood.
Abraham Gods appearance to Abraham Lack of an heir to Abraham Continuation from where Abraham complained to God on his lack of a child of his own. God promises to give Abraham a son of his own Genesis 15:5-and God brought Abraham he abroad, and told Abraham to look towards the heaven, if he is able to count the stars, he told him that his seeds shall be countless as the number of stars.
Abraham Gods a appearance to Abraham That his nation will be a great nation with a comparison the number of star s in heaven. Develops from the stage where the lord promised A Abraham a great nation of his own seed. Great nation. Genesis 15:6-and Abraham had strong faith in the lord. Abraham Faith and trust in the lord almighty Abraham obedience to the Lord Developed from the obedience of he commands laid upon him by God Abraham had faith in the lord. Genesis 15:7-and God he said unto Abraham, I am the living almighty who took you far out from the land of Ur, and I will give this land to you to inherit it.
Abraham Gods voice to Abraham He is the only God in existence That Abraham should no other God to listen to. Land to inherit
Genesis 15:8-and Abraham asked the lord how he shall know whether he will get the inheritance.
God Gods address by Abraham Abraham questions how his nation will be great Abraham lack of a heir to his throne Abraham questioning the lord
Genesis 15:9-and the lord instructed Abraham to, to take a heifer which was three years of age, and a she goat aged also three years and a turtle dove and a pigeon which was young enough.
Abraham Gods call to Abraham Gods command It develops from the stage where the Lord commanded Abraham to set up an altar for him Offering unto the lord,
Genesis 15:10-and Abraham accepted all these unto him, and divided the animals in the middle, and laid each piece just adjacent to each other: but he did not divide the birds into two.
Abraham Abrahams action Sacrifice to the lord The building of an altar Sacrifice and offering to the lord
Genesis 15:13-the lord said to Abraham, that his off springs will be strangers in a new land that does not belong to them. His people will serve the strangers. They will be oppressed for four hundred years. Abraham Gods call Suffering of his seeds Develops from the promise of great nation which will deviate from the acts of God. Great nation ,the nation shall serve in the nation of the strangers for a long time
Genesis 15:14-and that the nation that his people will serve will be judged by the Lord. Afterwards, Abraham’s descendants will leave with great things in their possession. Abraham Gods promise His nation becoming slaves in another land The suffering will be as a result of their disobedience to God Victory after the suffering
Genesis 15:15-God tells Abraham that he will go to his fathers in peace having been buried in a good age.
Abraham Gods promise Fulfillment of blessing Abrahams death in good age will be as a result of his obedience A fulfillment of life
Genesis 15:16-but the fourth generation of Abraham shall come hither again since the sins of the Amorites are not yet full.
Abraham Gods projection of what will happen in the future God will save the nation from slavery Sinfulness of the great nation. Revilement of good terms of the nation with God
Genesis 15:17-when the sun had set, and had become dark, a lamp which was burning and a smoking furnace between the pieces which Abraham had laid down.
Abraham Gods manifestation in great power Gods acceptance of the sacrifice Develops from where Abraham built an altar Sealing of the covenant
Genesis 15:18-on that same day, the lord initiated covenant with Abraham, saying, which stipulated that upon the seeds of Abraham, God had given them the land in Egypt till the great river of Euphrates. Abraham Making of a covenant Giving of the land to the Abraham Gods acceptance of the offering The land
Genesis 17:1-when Abraham had attained ninety nine years of age, the lord appeared to Abram, and the lord said to Abraham that he is the Almighty lord, and that he should walk before him and he will receive perfect.
Genesis 17:2-the lord made a covenant with Abraham and made a promise to him that his seeds will multiply in large numbers. Abraham God manifests himself as the Almighty Abrahams attainment of a good old age Obedience of Abraham to God. Good old age
Genesis 17:4-as for the lord, their covenant will still remain between them two. Abraham will live to be and remain father of a great nation
Abraham Gods promise Promise for being obedient Sealing of the covenant Great nation
Genesis 22:2-and he said, take on your only son, whom you love so much and go into the land of Moriah and give him as a sacrifice there on the mountains which I will tell you of.
Abraham Gods call Sacrifice of his only begotten son Develops from the stage where Abraham got a son of his own blood Gods test to Abraham on his faith
Genesis 22:18-and in the lineage of Abrahams seeds, the whole earth will be blessed, for Abraham had obeyed Gods voice..Abraham Gods promise Gods promise Develops from his obedience to the commands of the lord Great nation
Genesis 24:1-and Abraham was old,: and the Lord had blessed Abraham in all these Abraham Fulfillment of a blessing Abraham attained an old age as promised by God Develops from obedience of Abraham Abrahams obedience earns him a good old age
Genesis 26:2-and the Lord made an appearance to Abraham, and said, go not down in Egypt; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of. Isaac Gods appearance Isaac to from Egypt God starts dealing with Isaac Promised land
Genesis 26:6- and Isaac dwelt in Gerar. Isaac Gods call to Isaac Isaac to move to Gerar Develops from the covenant set with Abraham Continued fulfillment of the promise
Genesis 28:13-and behold, the lord stood above it ,and told him ,I am the lord God of Abraham your father, and also the mighty God of Isaac; the land whereon thou lies, I will give it to you ,and to your seed. Jacob Gods voice to Jacob Promise to bless him and his nation. Develops from the agreement set with their father Continues blessings as promised from before
Business and Intellectual Property Law
Business and Intellectual Property Law
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Course Name and Code
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Business and Intellectual Property Law
Forms of Intellectual Intangible Property Protection
An inventor's most precious asset is intellectual property. It comprises of discoveries, literary and artistic works, logos, emblems, and designs that are utilized in business, as well as the masterpieces of talented artists. Patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secret protection are the main types of intellectual property law (Moore, 2). Due to the similarities between intellectual property and real and personal property, related freely exercise for the treatment of intellectual property as an investment that can be purchased, traded, licensed, or transferred. Partners, developers, and artists can safeguard their work from illegal usage thanks to intellectual property regulations.
For the most part, copyrights are the only method of safeguarding for culturally significant works of song, movies, literature, poetry, architecture, and other media. The exclusive abilities to duplicate, create infringing copy, publish copies, perform, or exhibit a work protected by copyright belong to its creator (Moore, 2). These restricted classifications grow as innovators produce new ways to express themselves. Audio recordings and software applications are increasingly considered to be products of intellectual property. Copyright infringement typically lasts for the lifetime of the author plus 70 years for works produced after January 1, 1978 (Moore, 4). The copyright lasts for 95 years from the year of the job's original release or for 120 years from the year of invention, whichever comes first, for unnamed, unattributed, or work produced for rent. Copyright can only be asserted by the creator or by someone who receives their claims from the creator, such as a publisher.
An inventor gets the total entitlements to avert others from duplicating or trading his or her goods or services for a specific period of time through patent rights. In most countries this period is estimated to be twenty years (Hopenhayn and Francesco, 7). Patent aspirants must strike a defendable argument. Due to the fact that patent claims can be as diverse as the technologies they cover, candidates must establish limitations for what constitutes their creation and what parts are subject to violation. Claims are evaluated by professionals to prevent preserving technology that is already accessible or simple to obtain. A trade secret is any amount of data that can be employed to manage an organization and is significant enough to provide a current or potential monetary benefit (Klasa et al., 1). Such include subscriptions for customers, marketing plans, delivery procedures, and ingredients for well-known food items. Contracts and nondisclosure agreements typically shield private information from release. Only if the information hasn't been disclosed are proprietary information considered to be genuine.
Remedies to Violation of Intellectual Property
The types of intellectual property rights that were violated, the severity of the harm, and the legal actions that the victims of the violation choose to take will all affect the remedies for intellectual property theft. The majority of the time, individuals who have experienced an intellectual property violation will bring a defamation suit to trial (Seuba, 8). Criminal proceedings for the violation will proceed independently from a legal trial, and only state officials, not the offended parties whose rights were violated, may commence court prosecutions, albeit they may denounce the violation to the law enforcement agencies. An injunction is an adequate remedy, and the complainant must show that if the court did not issue an injunction requiring the accused to act or prohibiting the accused from acting, significant harm would result (Seubar, 15). The victim of an intellectual property breach must demonstrate that a violation was actually committed in order to obtain a legal remedy. In an attempt to evade punishment, defendants may make a variety of claims, such as that there was no infringement because of acceptable use restrictions.
Discussion: DynaStudy v Houston School District
This is a very simple and direct case of violation of intellectual property rights. Many study manuals were produced by DynaStudy. These manuals were reportedly very useful, so the principal of a Houston District High School bought a few, copied them, and gave them to the learners. The bottom of the study materials explicitly stated that duplicating the content was unauthorized. The principal was alerted to this comment by a teacher, who then responded through email when the principal dismissed the issue. The litigation's proof also includes further emails. The school staff had occasionally circulated copies of documents with the copyright notices and DynaStudy's logo obscured or edited out. The document was discovered openly shared on social media in places as far away as New Jersey, and some copies made it outside of the Houston school district. In this scenario, officials and instructors either had no knowledge of copyright law at all or were aware of it but chose to disregard the consequences.
The court’s verdict found the school administration guilty of copyright infringement. DynaStudy was awarded $9.2 million as per the jury for the damages it faced (Danystudy v Houston School Distric). The school district went ahead to force the whole school administration to participate in online copyright training annually. I fully agree that the school administration was guilty of copyright violation. The fact that they claimed that they did not have knowledge of the copyright is not considerable. Ignorance, they say, is the worst defense. However, the principal knew about it but he disregarded it in an email. The compensation was also a good decision since DynaStudy was affected. I also understand the school district’s decision to have the school administration partake online classes on copyrights. It will reduce the chances of the school being involved in such a case again.
Sources
1. Moore, Adam, Adam D. Intellectual property and information control. Routledge, 2017.
2. Hopenhayn, Hugo A., and Francesco Squintani. "Patent rights and innovation disclosure." The Review of Economic Studies 83.1 (2016): 199-230.
3. Klasa, Sandy, et al. "Protection of trade secrets and capital structure decisions." Journal of financial economics 128.2 (2018): 266-286.
4. Seuba, Xavier. The global regime for the enforcement of intellectual property rights. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
5. Danystudy v Houston School District. https://advance-lexis-com.libdatab.strayer.edu/document/?pdmfid=1516831&crid=d3f2ebf3-fb74-43d1-a972-fc94ce5edfa8&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fnews%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5W70-1341-DY2V-D2DH-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=261374&pdteaserkey=sr0&pditab=allpods&ecomp=rz2yk&earg=sr0&prid=883b7c11-8e96-41f4-b0ee-bc5fc68be82