Recent orders
Title VII and Other Legislations- Employee Protection
Subject
Students Name
Institution of Affiliation
Date
Title VII and Other Legislations- Employee Protection
Case A:
The legal remedies that Green would pursue against Missouri- Pacific includes The violation of Title VII of the United States Constitution on the basis that the company refuses to hire persons with previous criminal offenses. In Missouri, the rates of incarceration are low, and therefore the company may not be guilty of denying employment based on the criminal record. The additional remedies that Green would have if the office of his job application were based at Pennsylvania is that of racial discrimination. According to Green he had been convicted for a felony may years ago and the previous work history is smooth with no other criminal record, and therefore, he was discriminated by the rail company on the basis of color citing prior conviction. In Pennsylvania, there are higher rates of incarceration among the African-Americans as well as the Latinos. An employer with a policy of excluding the employment of all individuals with a conviction history may be accused to be guilty of denying employment on the basis of racial discrimination event in the event that it was not the intent of the employer. The reason is that the region has a higher rate of incarceration implying that a large number of the workforce have been convicted at least once and the weight of the offense, as well as the duration of the past offense, is what matters.
Case B:
The argument for the case for the employer’s defense is that the attack of the employee was work-related and therefore should be covered by the exclusivity provisions of workers. The argument against the employer’s defense is that the employer was responsible for the negligent hiring as well as negligent supervision. The court should rule in favor of the employer in that the accident was not as a result of the employer’s negligence but can be termed as a work-related accident and to which is covered by the exclusivity provisions of workers and this implies that the employer was not negligent as he covered the employees for such events.
Taxonomic description
Subject
Students Name
Institution of Affiliation
Date
TICKS
Group description
Ticks are among the widespread species in the world affecting almost every living animal. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda of kingdom Animalia. Ticks are classified under the class Arachnida with various subclasses (Walker, 2017). The subclass Acaria is composed of ticks both hard and soft ticks.
Taxonomic description
Hard ticks (Ixodidae) can be classified as:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Subclass: Acaria
Order: Anactinotrichidea
Suborder: Ixodida
Family: Ixodidae
Genus: Dermacentor
Species: Dermacentor variablis (American Dog Tick)
Morphological description
Ticks are generally characterized by an extreme fusion of the body parts. Has three body parts: head, thorax and abdomen. They have a brown color. The general body of ticks is oval in shape and is composed of a cephalothorax and the abdomen. A false head, the capitulum projects forward beyond the rest of the body and is visible from the aerial view. Ticks have four pairs of legs to which terminate in a pair of claws (Snodgrass, 2018). They have no antenna, the palps are swollen and segmented into three parts. The hard ticks have a dorsal scutum which covers the entire body in males while in females it is much smaller. The genital openings is located in the second pairs of legs for the females and has a single pair of eyes. Ticks are wingless and thus are mainly dispersed by their host or crawling. They feed on the host blood day and night and they may live up to several years.
Pictures of tick morphology
Map showing the range distribution in America
The hard ticks are widely spread in the east of the Rocky Mountains as well as the east of the pacific coast in America (Hecht et al. 2019). They are also widely distributed in the world.
Habitat
Hard ticks thrive in habitats that are rich in vertebrates which act as the host for example dogs (Nicholson et al. 2019). Most preferred habitat for the hard ticks is the bushy, weedy and wooded regions that mostly characterized by moist woodlands and vegetation most likely in the forests. Other habitats include hiking trails and grassy fields.
Seasonality
Most ticks depict seasonality in their life cycles and in most cases, the adult ticks become active and start feeding on the host at the start of the rains. The hard ticks lay their eggs one to two days after mating which then hatch after two weeks in warm conditions (Liu et al. 2016). The females in cold climates may delay the egg-laying process for months, and the eggs can take three to four months before hatching, and this explains the seasonality of hard ticks.
Behavior
Ticks do not have an alternative source of food but depend on blood alone from their hosts. Most of the hard ticks have numerous hosts as they can survive from any vertebrate. Ticks are preyed on by other animals as there are various types of poultry and wild birds that do feed on ticks (Samish & Rehacek, 1999). Other predators include centipedes, ants, beetles and other predatory insects. Ticks have a faster rate of multiplication, and the females lay many eggs ranging from 3,000 to 6,000 on the ground. The adult ticks seek the host animals and after the sucking of blood quickly mate. The male ticks do not have a long life as they die after mating with one or more females. However, some may live for several months. Ticks have an incomplete metamorphosis that involves four stages that include egg, larva, nymph and adult. The best way to observe the ticks is during the day especially in the habitats or when the host is resting.
Listing Information
The tick species are threatened as they pose enormous economic problems and thus need to be controlled. Ticks destroy the health of the host, weakening their body and at the same time transmit diseases from one host to the other. The use of pesticides has led to the declining population of the hard ticks as they are a threat to the life of man both health wise and economically. The continued spray with pesticides helps to kill the ticks and at the same time reduce infections. Possible conflicts of tics and humans if through attacking livestock which is the source of livelihood and pets such as dogs that provide comfort and security at home. Ticks cause restlessness to the animals and reduced production making an issue of concern to humans. Management strategies include spraying with pesticides to eliminate the species. Filling of cracks and crevices, as well as the use of repellants, can be used to control ticks.
Reference List
Hecht, J. A., Allerdice, M. E., Dykstra, E. A., Mastel, L., Eisen, R. J., Johnson, T. L., … & Paddock, C. D. (2019). Multistate Survey of American Dog Ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) for Rickettsia Species. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.
Liu, L., Li, L., Liu, J., Yu, Z., Yang, X., & Liu, J. (2016). Population dynamics of multiple symbionts in the hard tick, Dermacentor silvarum Olenev (Acari: Ixodidae). Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 7(1), 188-192.
Nicholson, W. L., Sonenshine, D. E., Noden, B. H., & Brown, R. N. (2019). Ticks (Ixodida). In Medical and veterinary entomology (pp. 603-672). Academic Press.
Samish, M., & Rehacek, J. (1999). Pathogens and predators of ticks and their potential in biological control. Annual review of entomology, 44(1), 159-182.
Snodgrass, R. E. (2018). Principles of insect morphology. Cornell University Press.
Walker, M. D. (2017). Ticks on dogs and cats. The Veterinary Nurse, 8(9), 486-492.
poorly designed or not protected. This is due to mobility issues
flooding issues and issues with header manipulation. Spoofing is a security threat common in IPv6 protocol. Port scanning is an attack that occurs when the entire network section is scanned to get potential targets in the open services. Mobility is one feature that has been incorporated to the IPv6. This requires special measures of security(Bishop