Recent orders
Roe V. Wade Case on Abortion
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Roe V. Wade Case on Abortion
Roe v. Wade was a landmark decision by the supreme court in 1973 establishing women’s legal rights to abortion (Nunez-Eddy, Claudia, and Sharaden). The case began in 1970 when federal action was instituted against Henry Wade by Jane Roe in Texas. The case was heard by the district attorney of Dallas in Texas. Supreme court was against Jane Roe’s assertions of an absolute right to end the pregnancy in any method, at a convenient time and due to this, it attempted to balance the States’ interest in regulating abortion with the women’s right of privacy.
Blackmun ascertained that only an irresistible state interest makes the justifications for the regulations limiting the fundamental rights of women that include privacy (Goldenberg). Besides, the legislators should, therefore, extract statutes carefully to ensure the expression of legitimate interests that are at stake. As a result, the court as well decided to steady the state’s interest in the pregnant women’s health as well as the life of the unborn. The state’s interests were placed in the pregnant woman’s health and thus allowed them to control abortion mostly at the end of the first trimester of a woman’s pregnancy. Concerning the fetus, the Supreme court sighted the capability of worthwhile life away from the mother’s womb.
The United Supreme Court in 1973 made its ruling in Roe V. Wade case, and in a 7-2 decision that a woman’s right to prefer an abortion was guaranteed by the privacy rights that are guaranteed by the United States Constitution under the fourteenth amendment. According to the ruling, it was therefore unconstitutional for the state to regulate abortion. According to the majority opinion that was written by Justice Blackmun, the supreme court ascertained that a set of the Texas’ statute that criminalized abortion were in violation of the women’s constitutional right to privacy, which the Supreme Court found connected to the liberty assurance of the due process clause traced back to the fourteenth amendment that states ‘Nor shall any state deprive any person of life, property, or liberty, without due process of law” (Chemerinsky).
The dissenting opinions were provided by White and Rehnquist stated that the right to privacy was not a present issue and that the control of abortion should have been handled as an economic and as well a social regulation that are approved if it met a rational basis standard review. An extensive decision with no states interest during the first trimester of pregnancy is improper”.
Roe V. Wade was a landmark case as it provided women with the legal rights to abortion stipulating that the rights are guaranteed under the fourteenth amendment that covers the privacy for medical operations. Abortion is a medical operation, and this means that it fits under the right to privacy. Any woman who wishes to conduct an abortion, therefore, should not be censored in that the state has no mandate and it is against the constitution to prohibit women from conducting abortion procedures safely and conveniently at the time they wish.
I do concur with the majority opinion that the women’s right of abortion is guaranteed under the constitution. A woman has the right to have an abortion as the right already exists and cannot be outweighed by the interests of the state. The reasons as to why abortion had been criminalized were to discourage illicit sexual conduct, preserve the states interest in protecting the sanctity of life and protect the pregnant women against dangerous abortion procedures. The grounds of prohibition are no longer valid as the discouraging the illicit sexual conduct, although the courts do not seriously consider the tradition. Furthermore, modern medical techniques facilitate effective and safe abortion. A pregnant mother cannot be prosecuted for the act of abortion and therefore protecting the prenatal life would be difficult, and therefore there was no need to criminalize abortion.
Works Cited
Chemerinsky, Erwin. Constitutional law. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2016.
Goldenberg, David. “The Right to Abortion: Expansion of the Right to Privacy Through the Fourteenth Amendment.” The Catholic Lawyer 19.1 (2017): 11.
Nunez-Eddy, Claudia, and Sharaden Seward. “Roe v. Wade (1973).” Embryo Project Encyclopedia (2018).
Resurgence of segregation
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Resurgence of segregation
Resegregation is the process of being segregated again or segregation in a new way to which previously had existed a long time ago. Segregation involves the separation of people according to their race and economic status, whereby each group or race is given special treatment from the other in different environments. Segregation was a long time issue that existed many years ago at the time of slavery where the Americans were divided into whites and other races such as the blacks and Asians. In the current century, the issue of segregation is currently establishing roots and has continued to gain popularity in the United States. Segregation in the United States can be seen through the education and the health sector where people are treated differently depending on the race. The whites in the American nation are slowly resurging the issue of segregation where most of the white students attend white schools with the blacks attending a different school.
Racial mixing is no more welcomed in the nation as most people seem to be more racist and thereby end up segregating their colleagues of the other races. In history, we get to know that segregation between the blacks and whites was much evident and the authorities were very strict in the Southern State. During the time, in the hospitals, only the white nurses were allowed to attend the white patients. At the time, there were different sectors for the whites and blacks such as schools, buses, cemeteries, restaurants and even parks. The issue of resegregation has attracted different perspectives with different people possessing varying opinions from the others. Some of the people argue that this generation is not resegregating, but it has been shown all over the society that the issue of segregation is slowly taking its course with different races receiving special treatments. Various arguments can be cited in support the argument by Jeff Chang that segregation is slowly getting back.
We may not have Jim Crow laws in the present society, but if one zooms around and internalize the issues that are happening in the society, it is for sure that history might be repeating itself. In the article ‘Death by gentrification: The Killing the Shamed San Francisco’ by Rebecca Solnit, Alex Nieto was killed in a neighborhood that he was born and raised in because of his race. Nieto was 28 by the year 2014 when he was shot by the police at Hilltop Park where the police claimed they had mistaken the red laser from his teaser to a laser gun and shot him in defense. Police brutality has been an issue that has been raised for so many years, and impunity of the police in the United States has increased as no action is taken upon such incidences. The death of Nieto is just but one of the many cases that has been brought to light and that have a suggestion of how the black community has been terrorized by the American police where the injustices are only based on race. There are very few incidences where, but a large percentage of the deaths that are caused by the police are targeted to the blacks. During the past, such incidences happened and no action was taken for the police who shot the blacks as the lives of the black people was not valued. The same thing has continued to happen meaning that the segregation by race is slowly taking course in the United States.
Jeff Cheng in his book, “We Gon’ Be aright” that was produced in the year 2016, he talks about the resurgence of resegregation by culture that involves deep protests by various groups in advocating for their rights through certain ideologies. In his book, Chang provides a linkage between the slogans #BlackLivesMatter to that of #OscarSoWhite and the civil uprising due to police violence in the case of Fergusson to Washington D.C and that of the great migration to resurgent nativism. Throughout the book, Cheng explores the rise as well as the fall of the ideas of diversity as the cause for the student unrest in colleges. Cheng also explores the ideas about the Asian Americanness as well as the impact of racial segregation in matters regarding housing. From this book, Cheng brings about the issues of cultural diversity that is filled with superiority with each of the cultures fighting to be recognized as being dominant than the others and this has resulted to racial segregation. The slogans that ‘blacklivesmatter’ is one that is geared to ensuring that the black community has been neglected and that they need to be respected by protecting the lives of the black people. Racialism has been discussed in the book where the issue of segregation based on race has been raised on the matter regarding housing. According to Cheng, discrimination on housing is one of the unexamined conditions of the present state. The condition also existed in the past whereby the blacks could not share the same room with the whites and therefore there has been a resurgence segregation in housing.
David Leonhardt and Ian Prasad in their article, “Donald Trump’s Racism: The Definitive List” they describe the rise of the white supremacists with the example of Donald Trump, the United States president. Trump’s disregard for the blacks started a long time ago since he was a real estate mogul as well as an owner of a casino where he said that Trump could have a black accountant in the sense that he believed that the black people are lazy. Throughout his campaigns before becoming the president, his political rise was all based on racism and to which he got massive support from the whites. And this has an implication that the issue of racism in the United States is still fresh and the past has not been erased in their minds about the negative white’s perspectives on the blacks. Besides, Trump has not only hatred for the blacks but also for the Mexicans as he termed them as being rapists and went to the extent of building a wall to separate the US from Mexico as well as banning their entry into the country. The issue of racial supremacists was evident in the past during the time of slavery, but it has now been apparent that we are unable to separate our history with the present and that soon we may find ourselves on war based on racism.
Despite the resurgence of segregation, many people believe that there are some benefits to gentrification and that the colleges are increasing in diversity. But if you look at the college’s diversity, the percentages for different races when compared to the whites is very low. According to the Economist in the article, “Bring on the Hipsters: Gentrification is good for the poor” the author claims that renovation to conform to the tastes of the middle class is essential for the poor. In this article, the Economists claim that helping the poor and uneducated black group in renovating their houses is good as it makes their homes conform to those of the middle class and therefore gentrification is good. Although the idea of gentrification might be good, it is a disregard to the black and a way to propagate racism in the sense that the black people are lazy and poor and that they cannot do anything for themselves.
Most people claim that the current generation is not resegregating, but according to the evidence provided it is true that history is repeating itself. Black people are on the limelight as the key prospects of resegregation that is propelled by the whites in many ways. Racism is evident in almost all levels in the United States including schools and colleges and worst of it all in housing and leadership. The blacks in the current century are treated in the same way that the slaves were being treated in the past, and this can be evident in the case of the shooting of Alex Nieto who was shot by the white police implying the influence of cultural superiority among the whites. It is true that the issue resegregation is on the rise especially in schools and if something is not done people might end up in war due to racism.
Work Cited
Chang, Jeff. “We Gon’Be Alright.” New York: Picador (2016).
Economist. “Bring on the Hipsters: Gentrification is good for the poor”. 2015.
Leonhardt, David, and I. P. Philbrick. “Donald Trump’s racism: The definitive list.” The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www. nytimes. com/interactive/2018/01/15/opinion/leonhardt-trump-racist. html (2018).
Solnit, Rebecca. “Death by gentrification: the killing that shamed San Francisco.” The Guardian 21 (2016).
Reebok is one of the giant companies that deal with sportswear with markets all over the world
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Reebok is one of the giant companies that deal with sportswear with markets all over the world. To remain a top company and at the same time continue to attract more customers on its market share, the company has to do a lot of marketing strategies to promote their product that include sports shoes as well as athletic wear. Among its advertising strategies include the empowerment of women, and this is evident among the ads that have been recently exhibited in the internet platforms as well as social media platforms such as Twitter. The ‘Gal Gadot in a Reebok’s ad campaign,’ the ‘Reebok –Gal Gadot’ and the ‘Danai Gurira’ ads are among the advertising strategies that have been used by the Reebok Company to empower women.
The main audience of the three ads to which the Reebok Company has targeted are the women especially the young women, and this can be evident through the use of young celebrities such as Danai Gurira who is an actor of the Black Panther movie. In all the ads, the advertising models wear the Reebok’s wear to demonstrate how comfortable and bold the products from the company are and this instills a great sense of perception to the audience regarding their self-esteem and confidence which seems to be boosted upon wearing the outfit.
In the ‘Gal Gadot in a Reebok’s ad campaign,’ the ad primarily focuses on the women in leadership positions whereby the ad says that “We change the world every time we lead by example.” The is a direct appeal to women that they have to take direct and instant measures to lead and be seen in the leadership positions if they want to be agents of change in the world. It is through taking a step and making a decision to stand strong that one is able to hold such a position and to this case. The Reebok Company has offered a platform for the women to take charge and get themselves out of the previous world of low confidence and esteem, walking with their heads up and show the label that they have to change the world by leading by example.
The same aspect is emphasized in the rest of the ads; the Danai Gurira ad focuses on the support of women. Danai talks of celebrating the women and states that she is very happy to feel very proud of it when women recognize the others and therefore to her, sisterhood means a celebration of other women. The ‘Reebok – Gal Gadot’ don’t be an operationist is another ad by Reebok, again focusing on women asking them not to fear failure and dares them to try something out especially on the teenagers advising them not to be hard on themselves because if they dare and don’t fail, they are going to change the world.
These two ads have a higher emotional appeal to the audience and most specifically the women as the intended audience of the advertisement. The emotional appeal can be felt through the advice to which Gal Gadot seems to be giving herself, but in the real sense, she is trying to advise the young women in realizing themselves and trying things out if at all they want to change the world. The first stamen by Gurira states that there is nothing powerful than women celebrating each other. The statement by itself is so compelling to the emotions of the women, and this might leave the audience thinking about her works about self-empowerment as women.
The ads do not try to cause cognitive dissonance to achieve their persuasive goal, and this is because the ads have only a single intention of women empowerment. It does so through self-empowerment, and it is clear that there are no other reasons apart from promoting the cause of promoting women to realize themselves as well as their dreams that are facilitated by the existence of the Rebooks product making the realization of their dreams of changing the world possible. The ads stresses of credibility as it is through using the right channels, resources, and equipment that that one is able to achieve their goals and all these have been provided by the Reebok Company.
The ads intend the audience to make a decision at the planning for the action stage as this is the stage of realization and self-awareness. It is at this stage that most of the people want to make a difference and show the world that they are capable of making a difference. Planning for action, therefore, involves leaving behind all the past fears and experiences and gaining the courage to face a new challenge. As according to the ads, daring without quitting makes one a victor and at the same time makes them lead by example, and it is through this that the realization of the women goal of changing the world is going to be accomplished.
Reference
Arian Grenade, Gal Gadot and Gigi Hadid. Take a stand for women’s empowerment. Retrieved from: https://footwearnews.com/2018/business/media/reebok-ads-ariana-grande-gal-gadot-gigi-hadid-womens-empowerment-1202596692/Danai Gurira. #Bemorehuman. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/Reebok/status/1018883045536010245?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1018883045536010245&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurweb.com%2F2018%2F07%2Fblack-panthers-danai-gurira-in-reeboks-new-campaign-celebrating-strong-voiced-women-watch%2FReebok- “Gal Gadot”. Don’t be a perfectionist: Retrieved from: https://www.adforum.com/creative-work/ad/player/34570187/gal-gadot/reebok