Recent orders
Study Selection Design Methods
Study Selection Design Methods
Student’s name
Institutional affiliation
Study Selection Design Methods
Research design has to do with having a strategy that one will employ in answering a research question when dealing with empirical data. Examples of research methods include experimental design, quasi-experimental, pre-experimental, and quantitative studies. The experimental design method entails developing a set of procedures and systematically using them to form a hypothesis. Experiments are employed in studying causal relationships where one or more independent variables are manipulated and the effect is measured on dependent variables. The quasi-experimental design aims at establishing a cause-effect relationship between the dependent and independent variable. As opposed to a true experiment, a quasi-experiment is not dependent on random assignment, and instead subjects get assignment to groups using criteria that are not random (Stratton, 2019). Pre-experimental design is advantageous as it is cost-effective to undertake. Qualitative research design pertains to coming up with answers to the hows and whys of the phenomenon that is being researched. Because of this, qualitative studies research is viewed as subjective and data is collected in written rather than numerical form.
Pre-experimental design is the simplest research design method. In pre-experimental designs, either multiple or single groups are observed after undergoing a treatment that is viewed as causing the change (Rahi, 2017). Three types of pre-experimental designs include static-group comparison, one-shot case design and one-group pre-test method. In static-group comparison method, a group that has gone through an agent is compared with a group that has not and the observed differences are considered to be a result of the agent or treatment. In the one-shot design, one group is observed and after a treatment is applied for a while and this treatment is considered a trigger for the change. In the one-group pretest-posttest design method, a single case is studied at two different junctures, one after and one before the treatment. The changes that follow are assumed to be caused by the intervention
References
Rahi, S. (2017). Research design and methods: A systematic review of research paradigms, sampling issues and instruments development. International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 6(2), 1-5.
Stratton, S. J. (2019). Quasi-experimental design (pre-test and post-test studies) in prehospital and disaster research. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 34(6), 573-574.
Study on Saturated Fat Intake
Study on Saturated Fat Intake
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course
Date
The current studies have contradicted the hypothesis “increased fat consumption increases then risks to cardiovascular disease attack” in various ways. The first two studies’ results shows that there is no direct link between saturated fat intake and the related cardiovascular diseases such as type 2 diabetes, stroke, or death. However, the patients consuming more saturated fat experienced a reduced likelihood of cardiovascular related attacks. The third and fourth studies did not find a direct correlation between the high saturated fat intake and the related cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, replacement of polyunsaturated fats with saturated fats also had no substantial changes, except for omega-3 fatty acid (a long chain) that has protective effects. The fifth study had much information on the relationship between fat consumption and the resulting effects in the body. These include; lack of increased risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes in case of increased saturated fat consumption, partial replacement of saturated fat with mono-saturated and poly-saturated fat may lower Low Density Lipoproteins cholesterol concentrations and reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases, mostly in men (Bjarnadottir, 2020).
The dietary lifestyle is a critical factor in cardiovascular disease experiences. The major considerations on the fats consumed include saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). PUFAs form omega-6 and omega-3 sub-groups. The effects of the consumption is not only negative, but the resulting effect is fully dependent on the quantity of consumption in relation to other types, and the consequent effect on the blood lipids such as LDL cholesterol. For instance, replacing saturated fat with carbohydrate is only beneficial when consumption involves fiber rich, low glycemic index carbohydrates rather than refined carbohydrates like added sugars (Dietitians in Integrative and Functional Medicine, 2017).
The information from the studies are beneficial to my personal diet and health since I have understood the benefits to replace saturated fats with PUFAs and MUFAs, and incorporation of unrefined carbohydrates such as whole grains in diet. My initial opinion was that all fatty foods are risky to health. The opinion as changed since there are MUFA and PUFAs that are beneficial to health. Additionally, the nutritionally fit carbohydrates are the unrefined such as whole grains.
References
Dietitians in Integrative and Functional Medicine. Winter, (2017) The Skinny on Fats: How Dietary Fats Influence Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Kathleen Jade, ND and Chris Vogliano. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/The%20Skinny%20on%20Fats.pdfBjarnadottir A.Heathline. Five Studies on Saturated Fat — Time to Retire the Myth? February 20, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition-team
Study of Multicultural Books
Study of Multicultural Books
Name
Professor
Course
Date
Book Title; One Crazy Summer. (8-12years)
Author; Rita Williams-Garcia.
Summary of the book.
Delphine, Vonetta and Fern are left by their mother Cecile to live with their father. This forces Delphine to look after her siblings as they look up to her for motherly care. Their father later sends them to her and there Delphine tries to block the Black Panthers from herself but finally gives in. Later she forgives her mother for leaving them without an explaination.
Quotes from the book.
“Saying “please” without saying it to someone you don’t want to say to…” CITATION Rit102 l 1033 (Williams-Garcia, Meeting mum, 2010)That was how I knew Sister Mukumbo was a real teacher…She asked a teacher’s type of question. The kind that says: Join in.” CITATION Rit101 l 1033 (Williams-Garcia, School Llife, 2010)“Your name is who you are and how you’re known even when you do something great or something dumb.” CITATION Rit10 l 1033 (Williams-Garcia, The encounter, 2010)Uses in classroom.
Teaching about the Black Panther Party.
Teaching on life and death of Huey Newton.
Teaching on civil rights movements by African Americans for equal rights in 1970‘s.
Reviews.
Promotes critical thinking by its use of themes, symbols and allusions.
A poetry inspiration due to inclusion of 868 poems by Mr. Langston Hughes.
Tool for teaching to enlighten children about the Black Panther Party.
Influence of multicultural writers on readers.
Multicultural writers show how individuals from different cultures interact and live. They have the power to influence a readers’ view on a certain community thus the need for them to be totally unbiased. This is because their books are used for school work and leisure study thus the need to be cautious not to pass the wrong message about a culture.
Works Cited
BIBLIOGRAPHY Anonymus. (2013, 03 20). One Crazy Summer. Retrieved 05 03, 2013, from Harper Collins Children: http://www.harpercollinschildrens.com/books/one-crazy-summer-rita
Bruce, L. (2011, 07 21). Teaching Resources for Rita Williams. Retrieved 05 03, 2013, from CSUF YA Book Reviews: http://beyondthepalebooks.net/2013/04/08/suggested-teaching-resources-for-rita-williams-garcias-one-crazy-summ
Schliesman, M. (2013, 02 17). multicultural education. Retrieved 05 03, 2013, from cooperative children’s book center: http://www.education.wisc.edu/ccbc/books/detailBook.asp?idBooks=3672
Wesley, J. (2012, 12 27). Educational Citizenship Programs, Influence of Multicultural Authors on Readers and Issues of Multicultural Education . Retrieved 05 03, 2013, from Go Articles.com: http://goarticles.com/article/Educational-Citizenship-Programs-Influence-of-Multicultural-Authors-on-Readers-and-Issues-of-Multicultural-Education/6879633/
Williams-Garcia, R. (2013, 02 19). One Crazy Summer. Retrieved 05 03, 2013, from Rita Williams-Garcia: http://www.ritawg.com/one-crazy-summer/