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Reflection Beer game one
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Reflection
Beer game one
The game had a positive impact. In the beer game one, a lot of concentration was on making sure that all the players in the beer industry had enough stock with them so that they could not miss out on the customers. In the long run, the expenses became high. It, in turn, affected the retailers, wholesalers, distributors, and even the manufactures of the beer.
My overall thoughts on the beer game are positive due to the simulation aspect employed in the game. In playing, it is evident that the objective of the game is to demonstrate the interdependence of aspects of the real supply chain. It clearly shows the kind of importance and effect people have on each other all through the chain. Through simulation, all the possible challenges and pressures one can face in the real world are involved. The beer game makes it possible to control both direct and indirect difficulties that could be encountered.
We get to learn that simulation is critical since it ensures that, the various players involved, learn and understand how the supply chain, can at times be affected by factor like; customer demand fluctuations, being out of stock, leads times, the behavior of suppliers and also the fluctuation in supplies.
The total overview of the game is that the market flow is very unpredictable, and no player has an actual overview of how the whole game will pan out. We also get to learn that all aspects of a business are a system. All the four players in the beer game are system which comprises of; retailers, wholesalers, distributors to the factory that produces the beers. A failure, particularly in the production sector, can course great havoc to the rest of the system players.
When it comes to making decisions, it should be combined efforts for all the people involved. I should be open to opinions and not solely rely on myself. In any organization or business, communication is critical. When there is communication, issues and problems can be easily solved out. Before criticizing or shifting blame, as a person, I should have a clear knowledge of the particular thing or problem, before pointing fingers. In an organization, the managers should have very understanding and knowledge of the tasks at hand, and they should be ready to offer help and guidance when needed. Several things can be learned from both experiencing and making mistakes when one partakes in the beer game.
Beer Game Two
The second game, too, had a positive impact. The positivity was because the mistakes learned in the beer game one could not be repeated, and thus, more concern was to reduce the cost when it came to production, distribution, and even at the handling level. The notion of having more stock that was actually needed was done away with, thus reducing the overall costs.
Through the beer game, we get to learn and appreciate the supply chain dynamics, where work is broken down into simpler units. We also get to learn the importance of communication flows required to achieve an effective and working chain. The main aim of all the actors is to minimize the costs involved while trying to offer services to the customers in the most satisfying ways.
Some of the concepts applied was making sure that, that there was no backlog and the delivery time minimized. The idea of making sure all the players never ran out of stock for their clients does the same. As the weeks progressed, the pressure was too much; this was from increased orders and increased delays in the delivery of the ordered beers. The production plant also had its role when the production was delayed, leading to failures in delivery.
The structure of a particular system tends to influences behavior. It’s the systems that cause their problems, and not the existing external problems or individual errors. There are times that people tend to focus on their own decisions, not bearing in mind the impact of those decisions on other people. Collaboration and teamwork at any level are essential. Success and breakthrough can only be achieved when all the stakeholders work hand in hand. It means that the processes have to be broken down in a step by step manner. Connecting any two ends of the supply chain has far-reaching benefits. Communication is critical, and it should be allowed, and ideas shared among the stakeholders.
The time lag needed to make changes and mistakes take a very long time before the errors are rectified and flushed out of the system, which means that a study of a particular method should be made. There should be proper knowledge of the system the stakeholders. When the system is well studied, then, there will be lesser blame games. From how the game plays out, at some point, we all use our mental models to simplify life. Instead of rushing out to blame others on failures in the business, we should get to study the systems. And get to understand them as well, to know what is taking place.
To inform my audience about the three adverse health effects of obesity
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Title: Effects of Obesity
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the three adverse health effects of obesity
Central Idea: Three health effects of obesity are cancers, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease.
Introduction
Attention grabber: Fast food joints have been put up across all major streets in America providing Americans with a quick and cheaper option of eating. These foods have been advertised to lure people into eating them and give little attention to the effects they have on their health. The calories contained in them are much more than what the human body really needs.
Reveal Topic: I intend to inform you about the major effects of obesity in humans.
Relate to audience: I intend to inform you about the effects of obesity, a condition that you can find yourself in if you get hooked on to fast foods.
Speaker credibility: The information I intend to pass to you has been retrieved from books that have been approved by the American Medical Association.
Preview main points: the effect of eating fast foods is obesity which leads to cancers, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease.
Body
The first effect of obesity is coronary heart diseases.
All through my life, I have heard news of obese not making it to 40 years because they had coronary heart disease.
According to Eckel, R. H., & Krauss, R. M in 2008, “Although most of the comorbidities relating obesity to coronary artery disease increase as BMI increases, they also relate to body fat distribution. Long-term longitudinal studies, however, indicate that obesity as such not only relates to but independently predicts coronary atherosclerosis”
According to Grundy, S. M. in 2004, “In a 14-year prospective study, middle-aged women with a BMI >23 but <25 had a 50% increase in risk of nonfatal or fatal coronary heart disease, and men aged 40 to 65 years with a BMI >25 but <29 had a 72% increased risk. ”
2. The second adverse health effect of obesity is type 2 diabetes.
A. Awareness against diabetes has been made all through the years with advice being given that people should watch out for obesity.
B. According to Lazar in 2005 “ obesity is believed to account for 80-85% of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, while recent research suggests that obese people are up to 80 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those with a BMI of less than 22.”
C. According to Boden, G., & Shulman, G. I. in 2002 “Studies suggest that abdominal fat causes fat cells to releases ‘pro-inflammatory’ chemicals, which can make the body less sensitive to the insulin it produces by disrupting the function of insulin responsive cells and their ability to respond to insulin. This is known as insulin resistance – a major trigger for type 2 diabetes.”
3. The third obesity effect is cancers.
A. It is currently common knowledge that obesity can cause cancer and cancer is right now the leading global cause of death.
B. According to Snowdon in 1984, “Fat cells in the body are active and produce hormones and proteins that are released into the bloodstream and carried around the body. Spread through the circulation, these ‘chemical messengers’ can affect many parts of the body, and increase the risk of several different types of cancer.”
C. According to Zhang in 2008, “Excess fat changes the levels of sex hormones, like oestrogen and testosterone, in the body. This may increase the risk of cancer. Fat cells also produce many other chemical messengers which affect how the body works.”
Conclusion
Signal end: We have looked at the three health effects obesity which can be caused by fast foods.
Review Main Points: The effects of obesity are cancers, type 2 obesity, and coronary heart diseases.
Memorable Clause: I trust thus this information will motivate us to watch what we eat so that our BMI stays in check. The effects or a reckless lifestyle can be very adverse, and at times cause deaths.
Bibliography
Boden, G., & Shulman, G. I. (2002). Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and β‐cell dysfunction. European journal of clinical investigation, 32(s3), 14-23.Eckel, R. H., & Krauss, R. M. (2008). American Heart Association call to action: obesity as a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Circulation,97(21), 2099-2100.
Grundy, S. M. (2004). Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 89(6), 2595-2600.Lazar, M. A. (2005). How obesity causes diabetes: not a tall tale. Science,307(5708), 373-375.
Snowdon, D. A., PHILLIPS, R. L., & Choi, W. (1984). Diet, obesity, and risk of fatal prostate cancer. American journal of epidemiology, 120(2), 244-250.Zhang, C., Rexrode, K. M., van Dam, R. M., Li, T. Y., & Hu, F. B. (2008). Abdominal obesity and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality sixteen years of follow-up in US women. Circulation, 117(13), 1658-1667.
The criminal code.
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The criminal code. A Criminal Code is a set of government laws that simply govern a nation’s laws regarding criminal offenses, and the maximum and minimum punishments that courts can impose upon offenders when the crimes are committed. The rule of law of the United States requires that all criminals be tried under the criminal code in a civilian court and so it justly applies to the 9/11 perpetrators. Trying them under the civilian court would be a symbol of strength of the judicial system, but reality is more important than symbolism. The attorney general’s initial plan to try the perpetrators in a civilian court in New York continues to draw criticism and for me this does not seem like the best available option because of varied reasons, and other ways of bringing the henchmen to justice seem better off than the civilian court.
Enormous costs, security and logistics reasons.Closing Guantanamo was a signature of Obamas presidency and is still unkept well past his original deadline of January 2010, failing it would have huge implications for the president (loven, 2010). Eric holders’ decision was initially embraced by city officials but they later revised their choice. The cost of holding these trials has been incredibly high and the raging trials have been going on for a long time explains Gellman (2009). Julie Menin: chair of community board in Manhattan notes with amazement “it makes absolutely no sense to hold a multiyear, almost million dollar trial in a community already grappled with September 11 and is the financial capital of our country”.
By agreeing to use the civilian courts the united states is actually giving away information and taking risks that it should not, since the prosecution must disclose evidence which is material to either guilt or punishment, including classified information that can jeopardize its security.
Delays of possible future projects.Due to the fact that civilian courts are taking a long time to prosecute the 9/11 henchmen, it has put on hold other already difficult issue; crucial to closing Guantanamo such as securing funds from congress for the closure, arranging a replacement facility and planning other trials(loven,2010). It’s no wonder why most senate officials want the self proclaimed master mind Mohammed trial to be dealt with immediately to clear the logjams.
The victims’ family’s justice still pending
Donor O’Connor a spokesman for the September 11 families for peaceful tomorrow’s, an organization of more than 200 relatives of victims of the 9/11 attacks notes that t he families of the victims of the 9/11 are yet to get the justice they were promised. Although civilian trials in federal courts have resulted in hundreds of successful prosecution, the process always proves to be lengthy noted loven (2010)
References.Gellman, B. (2009, November 15).9/11could be a parable of right and wrong. The Washington post. P3
Loven, J. (2010, may 3).9/11trial reversal: Obama advisors set to recommend military tribunals. The Huffington post. P4.