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Source of Business Finance
Source of Business Finance
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Sources of Business finance
IntroductionFor business to commence and thrive, finance is an essential capital to facilitate firm’s operations. Morris (2011) explains that starting a new business or enhancing growth is dependent on the available avenues from which entrepreneurs can source the financial base. He again adds that firms have a variety of areas to solicit funds so as to develop products or facilitate expansion. However, McLaney (2006) contradicts that starting a business face a lot of difficulties in the quest of financing start-up operations; for instance, new ventures are not fully guaranteed to obtain bank loans because bankers have less interest for businesses at infancy stages. Also, Sherman (2005) adds that starting businesses undergo tedious task of convincing the loaners, even when the best business plan is remitted as collateral. Conversely, McLaney (2006) reaffirms that already built firms have the upper hand for sourcing more funds so as to necessitate their growth.Charantimath (2006) reports that funds for entrepreneurial and development of business are either sourced from internal or external avenues. Again, the liturature explains that there are varied internal sources, of which the principal ones include owner’s investments, retained profits, debt collection, sales of stock, and fixed assets. On the other, external funds come from bank loans, overdrafts, partnership, hire purchase, leasing, trade credit, and government grants just to mention but a few (Vinturella & Erickson, 2004). However, Dlabay and Burrow (2007) herald the concept of 3Fs that means that businesses get their funds from friends, family, and fools before exploring external sources. Notably, small enterprises suffer from obstacles of more considerable variance of profitability, growth, and survival, which leads to special problems as they seek for finances, opposite of what larger firms enjoy (McLaney, 2006).Rationale of the research is particularly to understand how starting or expanding businesses strive to source their financial resources. Again, as Acs and Karlsson (2002) postulate, the study is critical in conducting a SWOT analysis to weigh the strengths and weaknesses of using a particular avenue to source funds. Explicitly, the study is meant to show the hurdles and opportunities that enterprises are subjected to or enjoy, respectively in their process of initiation or growth of their production and assets. Furthermore, a study by Kirkwood (2003) supports this paper by admitting that understanding business funding forms the ground guideline from which investments are made and realized. Timmons, Spinelli, and Zacharakis (2005) also comment that the study of business finance envisages the factors that affect the choice of financial source.Methodologically, studying business funding depends on secondary data collected from the sampled firms. Gustafson (2004) notes that a researcher just need to access the database kept by the selected business to check out on where and how the firms solicit for funds. Charantimath (2006) also adds that if the business or industrial journals that are well kept and updated are analyzed with the guide of the stakeholders, it elicits how and where the funds are drawn. However, Vinturella and Erickson (2004) who reiterates on small and medium scale enterprises (SME), argue that most upcoming the SME are started by funds from personal savings, family, relatives, and friend. Therefore, such study calls for formal interviews so as to receive primary information from the owner(s) of the firm. In addition, academic papers listed in the bibliography of this paper are paramount in the research because of the relationships that outline works with complementing ideas, and those that contrast. For example, Charantimath (2006) categorizes fund sources as internal and external while Dlabay and Burrow (2007) talks of 3Fs and external sources.Internal and External Business FinancingCharantimath (2006) opines that internal sources of funds entail personal savings as startup capital so as to set up a business. He also adds that additional capital for expansions may be from individual investments. Since such moneys are not repaid, and no interest involved, they are considered as long-term financial sources. Unfortunately, there are limits to investments depending on a person’s capability. Timmons Spinelli and Zacharakis (2005) reports that after duration of more than a year, retained profits can be ploughed back as medium and long-term internally sourced funds. Similarly, profits are not repaid and interest not required; nevertheless, new businesses do not earn profits, or sometimes loss might accrue. Some short-term internal funds may also be solicited by selling off the unsold stock and collection from debtors. Alternatively, surplus assets may also raise medium finance. In emphasis, as Dlabay and Burrow (2007) observe, friend, relatives, and family also play a crucial part in financing businesses, especially for SMEs.Acs and Karlsson (2002) best explains the external sources of business finances by enlisting them as bank loans and overdrafts, leasing, hire purchase, trade credit, partnership, mortgage, share issue, and government grant. Medium or long-term bank loans are borrowed to be paid after an agreed period with interest. The loans may be expensive when the set interests are high or may be the access could be deterred by security or collateral requirements of the loaner while short term overdrafts are cheaper alternatives. Again as McLaney (2006) compliments, partnerships necessitate sharing of costs and financial contributions or a limited company may issue more shares to gain long-term funds. Lump sum payments can be avoided through leasing of assets, mortgage, trade credits, and hire purchase so as to give the firm some ample time in organizing or consolidating funds for repayments or settling installments. Gustafson (2004) further highlights that, both new and established firms may apply for grants from the government without repayments.Factors Behind the Choice of Finance SourceAtkinson, World Institute for Development Economics Research and Oxford University Press describes the factors that firms consider before choosing a particular financial source. Purpose asks the question, what will the fund be used for? Additionally, time questions the period for which the finance is required. Size, ownership, and the amount of money needed, also influence where and how to source the funds.ConclusionSmall and large scale businesses enjoy a variety of avenues to source short, medium, or long-term finances internally or externally; however, the former faces much hurdles during the commencing and even growth phases. The variation in sources and access of finance creating the problem stamen of this study since the paper explores the factors that determine the variance. Again, this study rationally investigates the factors that pre-condition the choice of a given financial source. For the audience to see the relational study, different academic literatures have been used to exhibit comparison and contrast as aforementioned.
References
Acs, Z. J., & Karlsson, C. (2002). Institutions, Enterpreneurship and Firm Growth. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Atkinson, A. B., World Institute for Development Economics Research., & Oxford University Press. (2005). New Sources of Development Finance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Charantimath, P. M. (2006). Entrepreneurship Development and Small Business Enterprises. New Delhi: Pearson Education.
Dlabay, L. R., & Burrow, J. (2007). Business Finance. Mason, Ohio: South Western.
Gustafson, C. R. (2004). Rural Small Business Finance: Evidence from the 1998 Survey of Small Business Finances. Agricultural Finance Review, 64(1), 33-43.
Kirkwood, H. P. (2003). Finance and Investments. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 8(3-4), 153-166.
McLaney, E. (2006). Business Finance: Theory and Practice. Harlow: Prentice Hall, Financial Times.
Morris, M. J. (2011). Starting a Successful Business (7th ed.). London: Kogan Page.
Sherman, A. J. (2005). Raising Capital: Get the Money you Need to Grow your Business. New York: AMACOM.
Timmons, J. A., Spinelli, S., & Zacharakis, A. (2005). How to Raise Capital: Techniques and Strategies for Financing and Valuing your Small Business. New York: McGraw-Hill
Vinturella, J. B., & Erickson, S. M. (2004). Raising Entrepreneurial Capital. Oxford: Elsevier.
Sour Grape Ice Cream
Sour Grape Ice Cream
Student’s Name
Institution
Sour Grape Ice Cream
The company has not been able to meet its clients’ demands and make the expected profits. This means logically means that most of the company’s product are disposed as waste or are sold at throw away prices just to minimize on the ice creams reaching expiry. Despite all these frantic efforts, many batches still get discarded. Since the products are not selling at the expected pace because of poor quality, it is extremely crucial to greatly review the entire preparation process so that a more tantalizing and well flavored ice cream is made.
Firstly, it is very important to use ingredients which are fresh and have not stayed in the warehouse for prolonged periods of time. Therefore, when purchasing the ingredients, the company must ensure they are fresh and that not more than enough ingredients are purchased. This will ensure every ingredient purchased is utilized while still in its fresh condition. Secondly, when blending the mixture, the ratio must be maintained after well meticulous calculation has been done so that the flavor is not lost and no strange taste can be detected. Before pumping the mixed ingredients into the freezer, enough ice cream flavors such as hazelnut, chocolate, bacio, vanilla, milk cream, truffle cream and fruit flavors should be added in appropriate proportions. Thorough inspection and tasting must be done before the final product is transferred to finished goods storage.
To enhance marketing of the new product, the company must ensure positive publicity of its products is consistently done throughout the States and any other nation that imports its products. In addition, the company must produce a variety of different favored ice creams so that consumers have a range of choices to pick from. This will ensure every customer finds his suitable type of ice cream.
Sound And Editing Design In Pickpocket (1959)
Sound And Editing Design In Pickpocket (1959)
Name
Institution Affiliation
Date
Introduction
The captivating scenes in the movie Pickpocket got intentionally designed to invoke particular emotions. A mixed bag of emotions could source derivation from the articulate manner in which the ideas got deliverance. Films thrive when the protagonist gets developed to blend in (Milne Library, 2017). The objective of the paper is to ensure that we dissect the scenes that may have had a significant impact. Memorability of a scene is not only contributed by an actor but also by the setting. The manner they interact with the environment is vital too.
As the title of the movie indicates, the film revolves around a man whose significant inclination is pickpocketing. The protagonist of this story goes by the name Michel. Michel is a well-crafted character who has learned an art that he uses to sustain himself. He doesn’t need to steal to survive; he does it because he believes it as a more natural path to his goals. No one man or woman should come in the way to his more important goals, he reasons. If stealing and doing harm to another’s pocket will enable him to attain his final goal, then so be it.
Transportation Station Scene
In this scene, we see the full force of the refined skill of Michel. First, we see a lady inconspicuously carry her luggage and stands in line. The scene is no different from any general view in such a place, but something unlikely happens. As if he were a ghost, Michel appears behind the lady almost immediately but brings almost no suspicion to himself. The camera movement allows Michel to get into place and look as if he were not there a short while ago.
The sounds of the immediate vicinity do not change in any manner. They are as casual as they can get to give us an air of familiarity. Very little attention goes to how Michel menacingly stands there behind the woman. His lifeless gaze that lingers fixated upon the woman’s belongings is by far the most noticeable feature that depicts determination. The lady then places her purse on the counter. The contents of the bag are suddenly in the middle of the screen. The positioning is for us to see what is inside the purse to visualize how all contents will be all gone without a hint.
In a split second, the lady initially in view loses her purse to the group of men behind her.
The Man In A Hat
The merry band of pickpockets also goes out to prey on their next victim. From afar, the man gets placed in a precise position where the prized wallet is in view. The camera starts to move with the object to show us how it will land in someone else’s hands. Around the man is an emphasis on the sound of his footsteps. At that point, the loud echoes brought out a sign of loneliness within his immediate area. The man leaves the comfort of isolation and joins a crowd where he gets situated among the pickpockets.
In the background, we can see Michel staring blankly at nothing while in the foreground is the victim. On one side of the victim is the man who will steal from him and on the other side is the man who will distract him. Once a gentle but abrupt grab happens on the victim’s shoulder, his face when centered shows discomfort while the man beside him gently slips the wallet out and into Michel’s hand. Michel then gives a lifeless glare at the man to reduce any chance of suspicion.
References
Milne Library. (2017, July 11). 4. How Are the Characters Portrayed? – Exploring Movie Construction and Production. Milne Publishing – Publishing at Milne Library SUNY Geneseo. https://milnepublishing.geneseo.edu/exploring-movie-construction-and-production/chapter/4-how-are-the-characters-portrayed/