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DFD Diagram
DFD Diagram
Name
Professor
Institution
Course
Date
Supply chain management
Introduction
DFD also known as data flow diagram is a design used in the representation of data in an organization, company, or any other work or group in the society. This program deploys the use of graphs to outline or represent the inventory movement throughout an organization or company. It relieves the organization from unnecessary expenditure since it gives out detailed information about each response individual or personnel in the inventory system line. This line ranges from the purchaser to the corporate paperwork department or section of the organization. DFD or data flow diagram enables the management keep track of all the organization’s business activities (Smock et al, 2007). Despite its known disadvantages, this program is vital for the positive progress of any business organization or company. For instance, the diagram ensures that no activities running under the organization misses from the track or watch list of the administration or the human resource department of the organization or the company. This prevents misuse of the company’s resources or overspending on one area at the expense of other vital areas of concern among others. Examples of areas or organizations, which deploy the use of DFD, include management of logistics companies and management of warehouses. This work focuses in supply chain management of a warehouse (Pooler et al, 2004).
Advantages and Disadvantages of Data Flow Diagram of Supply Chain Management
Advantages
Representation of data of a flow diagram plays vital functions for the organization. However, smaller organizations realize these advantages more than their bigger counterparts do experience the same. Some of the advantages creating a usable report, data flow diagram enables the human resource department and other employees of the organizations to create a usable report. Because the flow diagram relays information in an organized way, employs of the organization find it simple to come up with a usable and sensible report. This makes their tasks easy since they do not need to face a complex way when creating or making their report. Reduces cost with lean techniques in talent management for small and medium size businesses. A well-organized flow diagram ensures that the organization does not overspend in management maters within the organization. It ensures the fulfillment of this experience by outline the required and proper structure for the organization administration to follow. It also maximizes the realization of profits in the organization since it provides the right way for running the organization and cuts the cost of running and managing the organization. Flow diagram answers three vital for the management and administration of an organization. These questions are what are ordered, who ordered it, and its arrival time. The late or early arrival of the item may determine lose or profit the organization may experience upon the results. Having an organized and effective flow chat diagram answers these three vital questions in any organization (Stolle, 2008). It tracks information from one point to the next in an organized and simple way understandable to all the concerned parties. Using a flow diagram ensures the fulfillment services since the diagram makes it easy for the personnel to monitor all the processes. Information in the data flow diagram is deployable in tracking the company’s emails, cash flows, receipts, outputs and all the other factors in the supply chain management. This gives the management a good flow of information of the events taking place within the organization at any given time since all the record are kept in place. The finance department of any organization is the most sensitive and crucial department in an organization. It is the fuel and the backbone of any organization hence it requires serious scrutiny and checking at all times. To prevent theft that may include cash or the company’s information, any organization requires a well-organized flow chart diagram to curd such ill-fated actions. This process also requires the installation of certain software and machines. These include the following examples of machine or gadgets energy-efficient servers, such as Sun Microsystems Inc.’s Sun Fire/ SPARC Enterprise T1000 and T2000 boxes or Dell’s Energy Smart Power Edge servers (Moser, 2006).
Disadvantages
This management strategy requires trained personnel to run and manage. Coming up with an effective flow diagram requires the services and operation of an individual with the right skills for creating the pattern. This pattern ensures that the organization realizes their full potential resulting into maximized profits. In most cases, many organizations do not realize their full potential since they do not have experts within their organization running the flow diagram program. This is the reason most organization experience lose of their funds since they follow complex ways that require additional funds (Moser, 2006).
How to Create a Data Flow Diagram for supply chain management
When creating a data flow diagram, there are four main symbols one ought to put into consideration. Squares represent source of data usually referred to as external entities. Rounded rectangles symbolize a process, an agent that uses data in the flow diagram. Open-ended rectangles are used as storage centers. These centers may include databases, filling cabinets, or paper documents within the given organization. The arrows between the objects represent the flow of data or information, data source, and storage between processes within the organization (Trent, 2007).
Conclusion
From the research work, it is evident that having a well-organized data flow diagram is vital and important for all the organizations. It gives an organization the advantage to fulfill its full potential hence making maximum profit. It also cuts the cost of management of the organization since it outlines the all the process and flow of data within the organization. This ability to keep all the records of events taking place within the organization help in avoiding or curbing ill vices such misuse and theft of the organization’s resources by the employees. The data flow diagrams do not only assist the organization in realizing profits, it also makes the employs work or tasks simple. After certain period employees within any organization need to create a detailed report as requested by the organization data flow chart makes this simple for the employees. Despite the data flow diagram giving small or medium sized organizations advantage over their bigger counter parts, it is still vital for the bigger organizations to install the flow diagrams. This is because the data flow diagrams prevent theft of the company’s resources, which may cripple and bring down the organization. Flow diagrams also have one major setback since they require an individual with the right skills to create. Coming up with a complex flow diagram may cost an organization dearly in terms of finances and funds as it requires more funds to run than a simple and easy to read flow diagrams.
References
Pooler, V. H., Pooler, D. J., & Farney, S. D. (2004). Global purchasing and supply management. Boston, Mass: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Moser, R. (2006). Strategic purchasing and supply management: A strategy-based selection of suppliers. Wiesbaden: Dt. Univ.-Verl.
Trent, R. J. (2007). Strategic supply management: Creating the next source of competitive advantage. Ft. Lauderdale, FL: J. Ross Pub.
Stolle, M. A. (2008). From Purchasing to Supply Management: A Study of the Benefits and Critical Factors of Evolution to Best Practice. Wiesbaden: Betriebswirtschaftlicher Verlag Dr. Th. Gabler / GWV Fachverlage.
Smock, D. A., Rogers, S. C., & Rudzki, R. A. (2007). On-demand supply management: World class strategies, practices, and technology. Ft. Lauderdale, FL: Ross.
Deviant Bodies
DEVIANT BODIES
Institution
Student’s name
Deviant Bodies
The issue of deviant bodies has been a contentious issue for quite some time now in the contemporary society and especially in the American society. There have been several studies attempting to describe the ideal body of both males and females. Emphasis though has been on what the ideal woman’s body in the American society should look like in terms of skin color and body size (Terry & Urla, 1995).
Deviant bodies can be described as those bodies which deviate from the norms set forth by the society. For instance according to deviant bodies, critical perspectives on difference in science and popular culture, the ideal body is epitomized by the Barbie doll or Barbie girl (Terry & Urla, 1995). The ideal woman’s body is described as slender and sexy by the proponents of the Barbie doll while the scientific anthropologists try to bring another perspective of physique and sturdiness. The Barbie girl or doll though is so prevalent due to the manner in which it is popularized by popular and mainstream media. As woman, having a large body with extra fat is thus considered as being in the category of deviant bodies. A point to note though is that this classification of whether or not a body is deviant depends on the circumstance. A body considered as normal in general society could be considered otherwise in Hollywood. The writer thus goes a notch higher in really pointing out the differences in normal bodies and deviant bodies.
The issue of race has also been widely covered in this article. Initially, the American society considered other non-white races as deviant bodies. This is shown by the representation of the Barbie dolls as being consistently white for some time (Terry & Urla, 1995). The white Barbie doll is what the ideal American women were supposed to look like. The rest were disregarded as deviant bodies not representing the ideal American women. This trend though changes with the changes in society. The author shows the progressive change in society, where the African American women curve their niche in the society, forcing Mattel to consider producing Barbie dolls that reflect this change. The author notes that this was not only a marketing strategy for this company, but also an indication that the African American women were rising into positions of influence. For instance, Mattel’s manager at that time was Deborah Mitchell, while the principal Fashion designer is Kitty Black-Perkins. The author in this case brings out clearly how social change is altering the economic dynamics of American companies. He also shows the integration of cultures in the society.
The Barbie girl is not just a toy to play with according to this article. It represents the society and the changes inherent in the society. Other than bringing out the feminist aspect of the society, the author describes by the different shapes, sizes and colors the Barbie doll assumes, how feminism is dynamic (Terry & Urla, 1995). Barbie dolls represent how initially white women should dress, how their bodies should be groomed and their hair done. But with the advent of non white market, Mattel has to consider the other races inside and outside America.
This article has also discussed the rise of women in careers initially male dominated. Barbie girl is represented as a doctor, an astronaut as well as an army officer. But this does not go well with the market since the society does not approve much of the women in these types of careers. The author in this case portrays the society in the most ideal manner in which women are not recognized in some careers in the contemporary society.
The anthropometry of human bodies has also been largely discussed in this article. Scientists have gone to great lengths to identify what size the ideal American woman’s body should be. There projection though fails since there is no particular human being who meets their criteria (Terry & Urla, 1995). The women in the contemporary society stick to the slender and sexy type of bodies as represented by the Barbie girl. This, the author says it’s a different trend as it has led to stigmatization of those that do not meet the requirements of the Barbie girl.
The assertion that the Barbie girls or dolls accentuated social class stratus is unfounded in this article. Though initially the Barbie dolls are produced as all white, they do not epitomize class structures. It is the media which in their bid to popularize them bring this issue to light. Otherwise, the dolls were produced as toys mostly representing feminism rather than class structures. The media thus should play a big part in ensuring that these class structures are eroded with the production of Barbie girls or dolls representing diverse races.
In general, the article has been aptly written, articulating its views in the most elaborate manner possible. Its representation of the society using the Barbie dolls is commendable. The issue of feminism has also been aptly brought out. The issues that affect women especially the issue of defective bodies has also been well brought out. The writer should although go a step further and present suggestions to some of the issues raised in this article. It is on the whole a well researched article.
Reference
Terry, J., & Urla. J. (1995). Deviant Bodies: Critical Perspectives on Difference in Science and
Popular Culture. Indiana: Indiana University Press.
Deviance in organizations
Deviance in organizations
Name
Institution
Organization deviance
Organizational deviance is a behavior that goes against the norms of an organization. Some of these behaviors include stealing, withholding efforts and information, and any form of aggression. Workplace harassment by the managers is one cause of deviance in workers as they copy what they observe. This make the working place hostile to everyone and the morale of the workers is demoralized and the interpersonal relations are broken down (Adler & Adler 2006).
The main factors that contribute to organizational deviance are organizational, personal and social/interpersonal. The personal factors include demographics and personality type. Organizational factors are greed, age, tenure, and education among others. The social/interpersonal causes are group influence, supervisors’ influence, dissimilarity, debts etc.
The organizational causes of deviance include culture of the organization, its commitment, its justice stress among others. The individual organizations have ways of dealing with deviance. This practice sometimes gets out of control as some of the activities of the deviant employees go against the organization ethics. However, hardworking an employee might be, he or she should not be allowed to engage in criminal activities like theft, sexual harassment among other practices that spoil the name of the company (Adler & Adler 2006).
Many companies view deviance actions as a normal thing within the workplace but these acts can be reduced if the environment at the workplace is more relaxed and friendly. Research done on the factors that encourage deviance among workers revealed that the more the organizational rules, the higher the cases of deviance. On the other hand, when an organization has fewer rules, there are minimal cases of deviance. The deviants who act on behalf of the company should also face the full force of the law if found guilty. These may be involved in corporate crimes, organized crimes or white-collar crimes, depending on the rules of individual companies the deviants may be found guilty or not (Adler & Adler 2006).
In conclusion organization deviance has the potential to spoil the image of a company, affect employees’ morale and reduce productivity and profits and lead to legal action against the organization should the affect patties seek legal redress. In this regard companies should use all means and resource avail to prevent and punish deviance.
Reference
Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (2006). Constructions of deviance: Social power, context, and interaction. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth.