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Demand and Supply Curve for Tuna Fish
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Q3.3 Demand and Supply Curve for Tuna Fish
From the question, increased demand for Tuna Fish fueled by Americans, Europeans and Chinese who are switching to more healthy sources of protein causes a rightward shift in the demand curve. At the same time, in the labor market for fishermen, the increased number of vessels and fishermen represents a movement along the supply curve. This is primarily because a movement along the supply curve occurs when the price of the good changes and quantity supplied changes in line with the original supply relationship. If any of the factors affecting supply of vessels or labor market changed then the supply curve would shift either side (Arnold, 2013).
If people discover that tuna has heavy concentrations of mercury the fish labor market would suffer. Though price has been increasing due to healthy consciousness about tuna fish as a rich source of protein, this discovery would drastically lower the quantity demanded causing leftward shift in demand curve from D1 to D2. Thereby, the quantity demanded for the fish would lower because of deadly effects of mercury in food which also see price lower from p1 to p2. The supply curve would remain the same and quantity of labor and vessels supplied would move along the curve. If there is no remedy, the entire tuna market would collapse unless fishermen go fishing is safe waters where there are no contaminated fish.
Q 4.1: Price Ceiling in Argentina’s Electricity Market
With increase in demand for electricity in urban and rural areas with a price ceiling, it would put an upward pressure on price of electricity to increase and utility companies would require funds to expand their capacity to meet increasing demand (Q1) at lower and cheap prices (Po). Since there is an incentive to buy air conditioners to cool the houses, power blackouts would continue to increase more in urban areas than in rural areas. The difference arises because more urban centres are connected to power and residents have more disposable incomes to purchase air conditioners. In its worse form as inflation bites, utility companies would have to produce lower units of power at prevailing prices further increasing power blackouts. The supply curve would shift to the left resulting into lower units of power output (Q2) but because of the price ceiling the price remains the same instead of increasing as would have been the case under free market.
Q 4.5: Price of entrees/ dinner during recession and during economic boom
If the restaurant management is seeking less-price conscious clientele, it would therefore mean that during an economic boom, the target clients would have more disposable income and therefore willing to spend extra cash on the same quantity to enjoy a leisurely dinner at the restaurant. Likelihood of the management to increase prices under economic boom would depend on price elasticity of demand among the target customers. If the elasticity of demand is more that unity, then it would mean that a unit change in price would result into more than one unit change in quantity demanded. On the other hand, if elasticity is less that unitary, then a unit change in price would result into less than a unit change in quantity demanded (Landsburg, 2011).
Therefore, in this case because the assumption is that target clientele is less price sensitive, then it means that price elasticity of demand is less than unitary. As a result, if the management decides to increase prices during an economic boom, then a unit change (increase) in price would result in less than a unit change (reduction) in quantity demanded (or number of clients). The resultant effect is that total revenue would increase more than before the original status because change from P0 – P1> Q0 – Q1. This therefore would let the management to allow customers to eat a leisurely dinner because they will have covered their costs and accrue more revenue. In addition, the ambience that comes with the restaurant having fewer customers would attract more customers who are less price sensitive and will to pay extra penny to get the leisure.
Q 10.8: Television service
With satellite television technology it implies that news content can be broadcast from a central location to the rest of the world with minimal cost. Since more people will pay for the service, revenues will be more than cost implying that the marginal cost of production will be lower. In addition the fixed costs associated with acquisition and installation of services will be spread over several users resulting into lower average fixed cost (AFC). With lower average cost, marginal cost and average fixed cost the break-even point for US TV shows would definitely have to be lower.
Satellite technology unlike cable technology has lower costs in terms of acquisition and maintenance. With cable technology one has to lay cables and incur huge maintenance costs. With lower cost for satellite TV companies would have an incentive to go small but niche markets all over the US. The increased revenue streams from the numerous niche markets with limited cost would result into lower breakeven point.
Q18.14: Managing negative externalities efficiently.
Negative externality is the imposition of a cost to other parties not involved in the transaction or activities (Sexton, 2011). In this case, negative externality exists in that the method used to get rid of the skunk will result into noise making to the neighbors and the skunk will end up in a neighbor’s residence who will also incur a cost to remove the animal. If the neighbors don’t unite and engage the reluctant city government on how remove the skunk permanently out of the suburbs, the neighborhood would become noisy and smelly making less attractive.
Some of the efficient way in the short run to address the problem of negative externality is to negotiate with the pest control company to remove the skunk out of the suburb permanently and all the neighbors contribute to pay the firm for the service. This would ensure that neighbors don’t spend their nights under noisy radio and bright lights shining over their houses. In the long run, the neighbors can negotiate with city government to give subsidies or tax relief to companies that offer such services. This will help to lower the costs of dealing with negative externality and offer an incentive for the neighbors to continue engaging the pest control company in future.
Work cited
Arnold, Rogers. Micro-economics, 11th ed. Manson: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2013, Print.
Landsburg, Steven. Price Theory and Application, 8th ed. Manson. South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011, Print.
Sexton, Robert. Exploring Economics, 6th Ed. Manson: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011, Print.
Delta Analysis On 1999 Bridge Creek OK F5 Tornado
Delta Analysis On 1999 Bridge Creek OK F5 Tornado
Prevention- Shape the Battlefield
The United States has the top occurrence of tornadoes of any country in the world. Over the decade, an average of 1,200 tornadoes struck across the continental United States. Practically a third of these tornadoes happen in the states of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska, a region recognized as “Tornado Alley”. This is the region where environment conditions combine for the period of the springtime and early summer for the development of super cell tornadoes and thunderstorms. Over 55% of a year’s tornadoes take place between the months of April and June, when cold dry air from Canada collides with hot moist air from the Gulf of Mexico. These factors, when combined with a storm system, generate strong to severe thunderstorms and, in some cases, tornadoes.
HYPERLINK “https://www.facebook.com/childcaresafety/posts/521989571182654” t “_blank” o “Video Footage of Moore Oklahoma Tornado”Tornadoes can attack quickly so it is imperative to monitor the weather closely incase of any type of storm activity. Alerts are issued by The United States National Weather Survey during storms to notify people of the possibility of a tornado forming. Close monitoring these broadcasts and comprehending what the various alerts mean can assist you respond rapidly and appropriately.
The term Tornado Watch means the Current weather conditions are perfect for the development and formation of a tornado. Boost weather monitoring and get ready to seek shelter immediately
Tornado Warning means that a tornado is taking place someplace in the area or a tornado touchdown is about to happen. This is normally when a tornado siren sounds. Look for shelter immediately and hang around until weather stations broadcast it is safe to exit.
Preparation- CONOPS, Assets & Infrastructure
Be prepared! Many times the biggest victims to tornado deaths injuries and is failure to react to warnings. Unprepared people are often caught unaware by tornadoes and lack enough time to seek appropriate shelter or warn their neighbors about approaching tornadoes. In order to prevent these following tips should be followed.
Formulate a plan for your organization incase of a tornado. The plans vary greatly depending on place, type or organization, as well as what is happening during the tornado strikes, but all the plans comprise the following:
Identified and marked shelter areas when tornado strikes
A program of when drills and worker training will occur
Put in order tornado relief kits (water, battery power flashlights, food, blankets, radio, etc.)
notify members of tornado disaster procedures
Train staff on how to help guests and what to do in the process of a tornado. Employees should be taught on what areas to look for for guests, where the secure areas are depending on their area, and how to be in touch with other staff.
Be familiar with your community’s warning system. Depending on your location your warning system may vary from somewhere else. It is vital to be acquainted with what the system is in order to respond immediately.
Situate all electrical, gas, and water on/off switches and ensure all employees are familiar with their positions and the correct procedures for shutting them off. This step is essential because after a harsh storm or tornado gas discharges can result in flare-ups, water leaks can cause additional damage, and the power that is left on can cause electrocutions.
Check radio and television for information. Radio and television monitoring for stormy weather is always good, particularly if any outside activities are planned. It is significant to augment the rate of monitoring when thunderstorms are forecasted or skies appear threatening.
In order to receive warnings it’s good to have a NOAA Weather Radio that has a warning alarm. These devices are triggered during harsh weather and turn and sound an alarm instantly once distress call or watch is issued.
Ensure that chosen tornado shelters are accessible and clear. Normally these designated spaces are used for storage of other items.
Surveillance- Scope, Sensitivity, Reliability, Security & Cycle Time
Generally, a disaster occurs when the local emergency response system’s means for managing and coordinating a response are overwhelmed and require outside intervention to succeed. There for state, federal, local government and private response agencies must become involved in the relief effort. Major disasters involve a multitude of different organizations that provide a broad range of resources and services. Unfortunately, the effort to organize a disaster response structure involving multiple public, private, and non-profit agencies is disrupted in a number of unpredictable way
Millions of acres in the United States are affected by wildfires annually. Hundreds of homes and businesses are destroyed by wildfires each year as well as the destruction of wildlife and the ecosystem, and the challenge of wildland fire management is growing. An average of 83,894 wildfires have burned during the past 10 years, an average of 7.4 million acres annually, and more than 74,000 wildfires burned more than 8.7 million acres in the United States in 2011 alone.
Identification- Specificity, Confidence, Immediacy
The strongest tornado ever recorded moved through the Oklahoma City suburbs of Bridge Creek and Moore in the late afternoon hours. This tornado killed 38 people and injured hundreds. A total of 69 tornadoes occurred from this outbreak. The tornado’s path was judged to be more than a mile wide at times. A Doppler radar On Wheels (DOW) team measured a 318 mph wind speed in this tornado, the highest measured wind speed ever recorded within a tornado. The National Weather Service was able to give Moore residents 35 minutes warning lead time on this tornado. Total damages exceeded $1.1 billion in general, planned management insights for disaster organizations responding to a major disaster over an extended geographical area such as a city, county, regions, or states or region can be very complex, and no two situations are ever the same. Major disasters have a low probability of occurring, but when they do, they have devastating consequences. Designing response structures for such events is a difficult task.
II. EXECUTION
Once a warning is issued it is important to act quickly and make sure everyone is accounted for and safely located in the designated tornado shelter area. Depending on where you are when the warning is issued there are varying degrees of safe locations to be in during a tornado. The following instruction is based off recommendations by the Federal Emergency Management Agency or FEMA, are designed to help individuals determine the safest place to protect themselves.
Tornadoes are one of nature’s most powerful and destructive forces. Here’s some advice on how to prepare for a tornado and what to do if you’re caught in a twister’s path.
Notification- Timely, Robust, Orderly, Functional
• Prepare for tornadoes by gathering emergency supplies including food, water, medications, batteries, flashlights, important documents, road maps, and a full tank of gasoline.
• When a tornado approaches, anyone in its path should take shelter indoors—preferably in a basement or an interior first-floor room or hallway.
• Avoid windows and seek additional protection by getting underneath large, solid pieces of furniture.
• Avoid automobiles and mobile homes, which provide almost no protection from tornadoes.
• Those caught outside should lie flat in a depression or on other low ground and wait for the storm to pass.
Marshalling- Firstest with the Mostestâ
After a tornado, majority of families recover over time, mostly with the support of family, close friends, and organizations. The duration of recovery depends, partly, on how frightened persons were and the level of the damage and loss. A number of families will be capable of going back to their normal everyday life rather quickly, while some will have to contend with mending their damaged homes and possessions, looking for medical care, or facing economic hardship. A number of families will have a dead loved one or a pet. Some will need to adapt to changes in school program or school closings.
Recovery
Children’s functioning is influenced by the way their parents and other care providers manage during and after the tornado. Youngsters often turn to grown-up for information, consolation, and assistance. Children do fine when parents and teachers stay (or at least appear) calm, respond children’s questions truthfully, and answer as best they can to needs.
Human life is affected by Tornadoes in regards to the necessity of being prepared if one occurs where you live. This can comprise having a safe room, basement, storm cellar, etc. It can also have an effect on the community’s reaction, such as siren testing, drills, volunteers, and temporary shelter/food/water in areas like a local school.
The first concern after a disaster should be the family’s health and safety. You should consider possible safety concern and keep an eye on family health and well-being.
Check for injuries. Do not try to move badly injured persons except when they are in danger of death or more injury. If it’s a must for you to move an unconscious individual, first stabilize the back and the neck and then seek assistance immediately.
If the wounded is not breathing, cautiously position the wounded for artificial breathing, clear the airway, and begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Stabilize body temperature with blankets. Ensure the victim doesn’t get overheated. Don’t feed fluids to an unconscious person. Take care of exhaustion. Don’t try to do a lot at once. Set your main concerns and pace yourself. Get sufficient rest. Drink a lot of clean water and also eat well. Wear strong work gloves and boots. Wash your hands carefully with soap and clean water regularly when working in debris. Be alert of new safety issues formed by the disaster. Observe for washed out roads, unhygienic buildings, damaged electrical wiring, unhygienic water, broken glass, gas leaks, and slippery floors. Notify local authorities concerning health and safety issues, as well as, downed power lines, chemical spills, smoldering insulation, washed out roads, and dead animals.
Contact the local American Red Cross chapter in your residence for information about missing family members. Don’t contact the chapter in the catastrophe area.If you are looking for or reporting information on a missing youngster, please contact the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children’s Hotline at 1-800-THE- LOST (1-800-843-5678).
The American Red Cross in addition to other volunteer agencies will offer you with water, food, and clothing. Listen in to radio or watch local television for the location of the nearby volunteer agency facility. There are hot water heater is a good source of water. Switch off the power that you use to heat your tank and allow it cool. When you need water, place a container beneath and open the drain tap on the underside of the tank.
The American Red Cross as well as other volunteer agencies will set up set up shelters for people who have urgent accommodation needs, and cannot go back to their homes. Pay attention to your radio or watch local television for the place of the closest volunteer agency facility. For space and health reasons, pets are not allowed in communal emergency shelters. call the emergency management agency or your home animal shelter or humanitarian society to see if there is a asylum set-up to keep pets in an emergency.
For those who have extended duration housing needs, FEMA provide several kinds of assistance, consisting of services and grants to assist people renovate their homes and locate replacement housing.
References
Galiano, D. (2000). Tornados. New York: Rosen Pub. Group.
Park, M. (2010). Tornados. Elwood, Vic ; Gosford, N.S.W: Lemonfizz Media ; Scholastic
Torrecilla, J. (1998). Tornados. Madrid: Ediciones Lengua de Trapo.
DELL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT CASE ANSWERS
Dell supply chain management case answers
Name
9144008549640[Date]
[Company name]
[Company address]
1000000[Date]
[Company name]
[Company address]
INSTITUTION AFFILIATION
centerbottom[Company name] | [Company address]
1154000[Company name] | [Company address]
4565657948930Name
hp
1154000Name
hp
6267450233680[Year]
76009800[Year]
Dell uses a build-to-order strategy, which permits customer to custom form their Pcs the way they incline toward. When the request is gotten by Dell, the gathering procedure for the custom assembled machine starts. Dell can keep up a low stock of components in light of the fact that segments are requested like clockwork from the supplier focused around each one request. When the components arrive each one request a generation pack is assembled and send to the gathering group to fabricate and bundle for conveyance (Jacobs, Chase, R & Chase, 2010). Dell has made an exceedingly fruitful operation by making an immediate model channel instead of the retail direct like the others in the PC business. By removing the dissemination focuses and retailers out, Dell has the capacity cut the time and expenses connected with these steps. Truth be told, not at all like most PC contenders, Dell offers straightforwardly to their clients. As indicated by the reading material, Customization permits Dell to fulfill clients by providing for them an item that is near their particular prerequisites (Chopra & Meindl, 2012, p.90).
Dell’s immediate plan of action sidesteps the merchant in the inventory network and offers machines straightforwardly to clients, constructing each to request. Dell does not make the machine segments; they only gather machines focused around components that are accessible in the business sector. Dell’s utilization of engineering and data to smudge the conventional limits between suppliers, fabricates, and clients is named virtual coordination. To accomplish the focal points of a coordinated organization, Dell treats suppliers and administration suppliers as though they were inside the organization. Their frameworks are connected progressively to Dell’s framework and their workers take an interest in outline groups and item dispatches.
This kind of firm with many customer has ended up being leeway, on the grounds that Dell now knows their end clients machine inclination through their request. Further, this will permit Dell to acquaint shoppers with extra items and segments that may be of investment connected from their request inclination. As an issue of online deals, absolute transportation costs in the Dell store network are high than in a production network offering equipment through merchants and retailers (Gold, Seuring & Beske, 2010). Dell sends the custom manufactured Pcs specifically to their shoppers as opposed to sending truck burdens to circulation focuses and retailers. Dell’s high transportation expense make up a vast share of the ease Pcs sold. Dell was known for their fabricate to-request system. Shockingly, when the request was gotten, the turnaround time would be a couple of weeks due methodology to hold up until the request has been set before pulling the component of the assembly.
This method is appealing to much esteemed consumers with adaptable requests, however there are numerous shoppers that need to purchase a standard machine without paying more for tweaked segments. Customers not inspired by the adjustable segments are not so much pulled in to the online channel in view of the postponement to get their standard PC. At the point when Dell consolidates the loss of enthusiasm from purchasers requesting standard Pcs, it influences the online channel, as well as it expands the transportation costs as a result of dispatching less machines on trucks then what the expense of the ease Pcs cost. Before long there will be a shortage if not rectified. “A watchful study, be that as it may, demonstrates that a half and half model consolidating retail locations and the online channel can be exceptionally viable” (Chopra & Meindl, 2012, p.91). Dell would profit more if adaptable segments are sold through the online channel and institutionalized machines without modified components are sold in retail location. Along these lines Dell has a more ascertained approach to estimate their interest. Offering the institutionalized machines would likewise permit Dell to demonstrate a sparing in their transportation costs.
Dell wasn’t going to abandon their fabricate to-request procedure, however rather growing their store network outline to take care of purchaser demand in an adaptable and effective way. Dell has adjusted their production network configuration to address the needs of their purchasers, yet Dell didn’t simply fall in accordance with their rivals. Dell recognized their inventory network capacities were diverse for their shopper, so they deliberately manufactured the portions need to meet their customers’ needs. Dell reallocated some of their get together to create the institutionalized fittings and machines. Dell embedded the custom-made approach by outsourcing their generation for the institutionalized part to distinctive nations for the retail locations, for example, Wal-Mart. Has this methodology promptly fulfilled customers, as well as this has eliminated generation fetched and diminished their transportation costs (Waters, 2010). Also, this permits the Dell plants to concentrate on the much esteemed adaptable components their purchasers keep on ordering. This procedure expands the creations and conveyance to their consumers.
Reference
Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2012). Supply chain management: Strategy, planning, and operation (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Gold, S., Seuring, S., & Beske, P. (2010). Sustainable supply chain management and inter‐organizational resources: a literature review. Corporate social responsibility and environmental management, 17(4), 230-245.
Jacobs, F. R., Chase, R. B., & Chase, R. (2010). Operations and supply chain management. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Waters, D. (Ed.). (2010). Global logistics: New directions in supply chain management. Kogan Page Publishers.