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Negotiation Case Study

Negotiation Case Study

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Organizations mostly find it difficult managing their finances especially when some employees stay dormant because their services are not required. Medical Care centers have different types of staffs who have specified duties. As a manager in one of the leading healthcare center, I wished to cut down the overhead costs while maintaining the revenue cycle. The process was critical, but I managed to resolve some of the key issues. The following is a negotiation plan and the resolving steps.

Negotiation plan

Goal statement

Every financial, year Medical Care centers find themselves looking for ways of cutting down their operating costs in order to maintain their financial friability. The current business environment is extremely demanding, and managers should ensure every activity or operation in the medical practice has a financial benefit. A manager should plan on how to achieve the best results at the lowest cost possible (CaliforniaHealthline, 2012). Medical Care physicians receive much salary, but their duties are remarkably minimal because they only attend to patients when there is an emergency. In my plan to cut down the operations cost in my Healthcare center, I decided to reduce the number of visits for the physician to once every two weeks, and later once every two months. This negotiation will analyze the process of minimizing dormant staff operations, and come up with alternatives and possible outcomes for such decisions.

Analysis of the perspectives/positions of the parties involved

The physician has a clean reputation for the healthcare, and we have a perfect professional relationship although he seems to take advantage of this by visiting the patients more often. Every visit costs money and the more he comes the higher the cost of maintaining the medical practice. When medical practices fail to reduce the cost of operations several instances occur. First, the medical practice faces a drastic fall in the wealth of stakeholders due to the high cost of paying physician unnecessary salaries. This reduces government revenues leading to more pressure on Medicare and Medicaid funding whose full recovery might take years. Second, the medical practice faces a reduction in the availability of investment and credit funds. This would lead into the healthcare receiving no credits from financial institutions (Allawi, 2009). With all this pressure as a manager, I will have to analyze the productivity of this physician and design a good visit plan saves the overall cost.

The number of visits made by the physician in the medical practice should be minimized because most patients are stable and monthly prescriptions would work perfectly for them. The reduction plan would involve a perfect strategy. Budget reduction in a medical practice requires each department to cut down its expenses to a certain amount. This only occurs through doing away with operations that seem to spend more money. The physician is an external party who only comes to visit his patients. Rescheduling his visits would save the medical practice more cash and allow more staff retention. In addition, some permanent staff members receive little pay, whereas they undertake a lot of duties. The state federal law does not allow physicians to see their patients more often because they might be interested in patients’ money and not their health (Minnesota Department of Health, 2012).

The fact that the physician was my best friend led to delays in my plans because I feared he might terminate all his visits to the healthcare center. The physician could just write prescriptions for his patients, which less costly and time saving for both patients and the medical practice. On the other hand, a proper understanding between me and the physician would make things work out smart (American HealthCare Solutions, 2012. First, the approach method I used was very poor. All other negotiations were achieved but he could not allow me to cut his visit days. The expected goals were not fully met because I never involved anyone in my decision.

Cost reduction strategies in an organization require the involvement of many parties. Availability of restructuring manager ensures the strategies are well structured, and any default is fully dealt with. Second, the managers should set cost reduction goals. Negating on the impact of reducing the visiting time should be analyzed in terms of the positive and negative outcomes of the process to the medical practice, patients, and the physician. In addition, there was lack of pre-performance objectives that could only focus on the importance of reducing the amount of time the physician spends in the healthcare to twice per month.

The possible alternative outcomes

From the above negotiation, some possible outcomes could be felt at the end. First, the physician could demand a full explanation regarding why his visits should be reduced and yet the medical practice had signed a contract with him. The following outcome carries a lot of weight because the physician could sue the medical practice for neglecting patients their rights. Second, the physician could request for a compensation for the cut days. This would cost the healthcare more revenue, since the physician would be receiving his normal salary even when the trips to the medical practice are minimized. Moreover, the organization could consider offering him permanent employment with the same salary, but more duties. The following outcome could make the medical practice lay-off some of casuals in order to cater for the new salaries induced by the physician.

The steps that led to resolution 

In resolving the following issues, a labor steps were followed.

Assessing the compatibility of the suggested plans with the Fair Labor Standard Act helps in determining the best options that a manger should take while dealing with un-employment or reduction of duties.

Using conduct of labor negotiations in collective bargaining between the physician and mangers about the contract and the reasons for such decision,

Negotiating with the physician concerning the reviewed duties and their benefits to the medical practice.

Analysis of the outcomes

According to Bossidy & Charan (2002), most managers have a hard time resolving organizational issues because they always believe they are very perfect in management. Executing some critical issues in an organization is a hard task that requires techniques and understanding of the possible outcomes of the strategy. Moreover, the vision component in an organization should focus on the future results that allow equal sharing of resources. The targets and missions derived by the management wishes to achieve assists in identifying the guiding objectives that an organization adopts in order to improve its performance (Hertz, 2006). On the other hand, medical practices sometimes consider reducing the cost through in-house operations where they make use of their staff to check the patients.

References

Allawi, S. A. (2009). Reducing Costs: Execution is Critical. Retrieved from;

www.performancelogic.com

American Healthcare Solutions. (2012). Labor Relations. Retrieved from:

http://www.americanhs.com/strategy/labor-relations.aspx

Bossidy, L. & Charan, R. (2002). Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done. Atlfeld,

Inc.a

CaliforniaHealthline. (2012). Medical practices Taking Steps To Reduce Operating Expenses.

Retrieved from:

http://www.californiahealthline.org/articles/2011/2/7/medical practices-taking-steps-to-reduce-operating-expenses.aspx

Cassidy, J., (1995). An evaluation of Section 232(4) of the Corporations Law and the

directors’ duty of due care, skill, and diligence. Australian Business Law Review, 23(3), pp. 184-184.

Hertz, H. (2006). Health Care Criteria for Performance Excellence: Baldrige National

Quality. Business and Economics. DIANE

Minnesota Department of Health. (2012). Code of Federal Regulations Medical practice Conditions of

Participation. Retrieved from:

http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/fpc/profinfo/lic/cfrhosp.htm

Cycle Menu Plan for Irish family

2379345-361950Cycle Menu Plan for _______Irish family_____________________

Cycle Menu Plan for _______Irish family_____________________

Week 1 of 2 week Cycle Menu

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Breakfast

3 ounces of Pineapples(Fresh), 1 cup of Beverages(Hot)

2 Boiled eggs with 3 ounces of Corn flakes 3 ounces of Seasonal fresh fruit

3 ounces of Fresh toast

1 cup of Milk 1glass of Grape Juice

3 ounces of Special K

3 ounces of Sliced of Bread 1 glass of Apple Juice

3 ounces of Pancakes syrup

1 cup of Milk 3 ounces of Fresh Orange wedges

1 Scrambled egg with 3 ounces of cheese

1 cup of Milk 1 glass of Orange Juice

1 cup of Milk

3 ounces of Biscuits 1 glass of Orange Juice

3 ounces of Banana Muffin

1 cup of Milk

Lunch

3 ounces of Apples, 4 ounces of roasted Turkey, 3 ounces of rice, with 1 scrambled egg 4 ounces of left over roasted Turkey and 3 ounces of sandwiched Cheese

3 ounces of Whole wheat roll 3 ounces of Spanish rice

3 ounces of Mexican cone 1 cup of Milk 4 ounces of Breaded Fish

3 ounces of Mexican Cone

1 cup of Milk 4 ounces of Baked chicken

3 ounces oof Whole wheat roll

3 ounces of Peaches 3 ounces of Baked beans

3 ounces of Tossed Salad, 1 cup of milk

3 ounces of of Peas and carrots

4 ounces of Chicken nuggets

3 ounces of Lettuce, 3 ounces of Pickle and tomato

Snack

2 ounces of Animal Crackers

4 ounces of Yoghurt 3 ounces of Blue berry Muffin

1 cup of Milk 3 ounces of Fruit cocktail

4 ounces of Yoghurt 1 glass of Orange Juice

4 ounces of Cheese crackers 3 ounces of Oatmeal meal cookie

1 cup of Milk

3 ounces of Graham Crackers

3 ounces of Banana

1 cup of milk 3 ounces of Vanilla Wafers

3 ounces of Apple sauce

1 cup of milk

Dinner

4 ounces of grilled Chicken and 2 noodles

2 ounces of Peaches

3 ounces of Conned bread 4 ounces of roasted leftover Turkey and 3 ounces of Cheese

4 ounces of left over roasted Turkey and 3 ounces of Spaghetti

3 ounces of Peaches 4 ounces of barbeque Chicken and 3 ounces of Vegetable star fry

3 ounces of Pineapple Tidbits

4 ounces of left over roasted Turkey

3 ounces of Cooked carrots

2 ounces of Oven fries 4 ounces of Barbeque Chicken

3 ounces of Mixed vegetables

3 ounces of Brown rice

4 ounces of roasted Turkey 3 ounces of Mashed potatoes

4 ounces of Broccoli

2 ounces of Green Peas

Notes On Sunday there was a party in which a whole turkey was roasted, the leftover turkey was then used for lunch on Monday The family has tried to minimize its consumption of red eat to avoid problems with their weight On Saturday dinner upon receiving visitors another turkey was roasted its left over was used for dinner on Tuesday 2903220-361950Cycle Menu Plan for __________ Irish family _____________________

Cycle Menu Plan for __________ Irish family _____________________

Week 2 of 2 Cycle Menu

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Breakfast

1 glass of Orange Juice

1 cup of Milk

2 ounces of Waffles

3 ounces of Cantaloupe cubes

2 ounces of Crispix Cereal

1 cup of Milk

3 ounces of Banana

2 ounces of Apple zings cereal

1 cup of Milk

2 Scrambled eggs

3 ounces of English muffin

2 ounces of Toast

1 cup of Milk

1 glass of Orange Juice

1 cup of Milk

2 ounces of Waffles

3 ounces of Apple sauce

1 cup of Milk

4 ounces of Banana bread 1 glass of Grape Juice

1 cup of Milk

2 ounces of Cinnamon Toast

Lunch

4 ounces of roasted Turkey and sandwiched Cheese

3 ounces of Whole wheat roll 4 ounces of left over roasted Turkey and sandwiched Cheese

3 ounces of Whole wheat roll 4 ounces of Barbeque Chicken

3 ounces of Mashed potatoes

4 ounces of Broccoli

3 ounces of Green Peas 4 ounces of Chicken nuggets

3 ounces of Lettuce, Pickle and tomato 4 ounces of left over Barbeque Chicken

2 ounces of Mixed vegetables

2 ounces of Brown rice

4 ounces of Sliced Turkey

3 ounces of Mixed vegetables

2 ounces of Mashed Potatoes 4 ounces of roasted Chicken and 3 ounces of Vegetable star fry

3 ounces of Pineapple Tidbits

Snack

1 cup of milk and 2 ounces of cheese slice and Pita bread 2 ounces of Granola bar milk 1 cup of Milk and 1 ounce of Oatmeal

cookies 3 ounces of Fresh Broccoli Florets 2 ounces of Assorted crackers and I cup of milk, 4 ounces of Cheese crackers and 1 glass of Orange Juice

I cup of milk, 3 ounces of Orange wedges and 2 ounces of Graham Crackers 1 cup of milk and 2 ounces of cheese slice and Pita bread

Dinner

4 ounces of fried fish

2 ounces of Whole wheat roll

3 ounces of Spinach salad

3 ounces of Sliced 4 ounces of fried fish

1 ounce of Pizza

1 ounce of Fruit cocktail

2 ounces of Macaroni and cheese

3 ounces of fried fish

1 ounce of Hamburger patty

2 ounces of Mixed vegetables

1 ounce Peaches 3 ounces of Salisbury steak

1 ounce of Broccoli

2 ounces of Tater tots

1 glass of Milk 4 ounces of fried fish

2 ounces of Whole wheat roll

3 ounces of Spinach salad

3 ounces of Sliced tomatoes 3 ounces of Salisbury steak

2 ounces of Baby Green lima

3 ounces of Pineapple Tidbits 4 ounces of roasted Chicken strips

2 ounces of Mashed potatoes

2 ounces of Black eye Pears

Notes The family prefers white meat to red meat because it is healthier. Since the family has issues with weight, they are allowed to take between 3-4 ounces of roasted chicken and turkey. On Sunday, Lunchtime the family roasted a whole turkey and the remainder was used as left over on Monday lunch. Milk is a rich source of proteins and the family has ensured it is in every breakfast meal. On Tuesday lunchtime the family bought a lot of Barbequed Chicken the remainder was used as left over on Thursday lunch time. The family of Mister and Miss Robert and Stephaney Williams is an Irish family that lives in Massachusetts. Mr. Robert Williams is a banker by profession and works for the America Bank as a manager in charge of logistics. Mrs. Stephanie Williams is a nurse by Profession and works at the John Hopkins hospital as a Ward Manager. The two live with their aging mother and a son and daughter aged 12 and 10 respectively. The two are in elementary school. Andrew Williamson, their son, has a knack for carbohydrates but since the entire family is ten to fifteen pounds overweight, they have tried to reduce their calorie consumption levels. On the other hand, Susan has stopped taking calories since her peers tease her for her overweight. She takes more of skimmed milk and few snacks.

The family, which lives in Massachusetts, meets every day for all their meals since the children go to the nearby elementary school while the parents work near the home. The parents have two different cars while the children are chauffeured in one car. The Irish family has a liking for Irish food but since they have lived in America for quite a long time, they have tried to blend it with the American and Mexican food types.

Massachusetts is a multicultural state and is made up of over 80% white and 75% non-Hispanic whites. The Irish in Massachusetts are part of the many immigrants who have moved into this state over the years. Owing to cultural assimilation, most of their foods complement a mix up of all the cultures in this state. While some have a liking for Spanish foods, others have a liking for Mexican dishes while others just like it American. The Williamson have been in Massachusetts for at least two decades and are familiar with most of the groceries in their neighborhood where they prefer to go for shopping. The family also loves the great outdoors and in most cases do their own cooking. Since all members of this family are overweight, all their meals are special starting with breakfast with plenty of fresh juices and fruits, Chicken and turkey that are preferred because they are white meat for lunch and supper. . Since the family has a chauffeur, they ensure that he takes packed food for the children in school every day at lunch hour.

Negative Leadership Behaviors

Negative Leadership Behaviors

A leader’s behavior is an authoritative demonstration of mannerisms that bear the prospects and standards of an organization and establish the organizational climate (Grojean et al., 2004).Leadership behaviors are either task or relations oriented. Task-oriented leaders gear to reaching organization goals. A leader who displays task-oriented behaviors explains staff roles and objectives, monitors individual performance and actions as well as set short-term goals (Yukl, O’Donnell)

Relations-oriented leadership behaviors dwell with developing close, trustworthy relations with staff (Holloway, 2012). A relations-oriented leader displays supportive, developmental and approval behaviors (Holloway, 2012). Behaviors that indicate a leader supports his employers are showing acceptance, being concerned and sensitive to the needs and feelings of others. A display of developmental behaviors is seen when a leader provides probable welfare to supervisors, peers, subordinates or colleagues new to an organization. Approval mannerisms are illustrated through compliments and gratitude for effective performances, achievements and imperative assistance to an organization (Holloway, 2012).When a leader fails to possess the task or relation oriented leadership, the leader is considered to have negative leadership behavior. Leaders who display negative behaviors are incompetent, inflexible, intemperate, insensitive, fraudulent, blinkered or evil (Kellerman, 2004)

EXPERIENCE

In 2009, I joined a community based organization comprising of members from my community volunteering to assist teenagers live positively. The organization was started by six couples. The purpose of the organization was to guide teenagers on life issues like employment, relationship, dressing and communal living as well as sensitize the teenagers on the challenges and risks associated with being a teenager. According to the organizations policy, membership was free and so were the services. The organization operations relied on sacrifice from parents and teenagers. On each meeting, one or maximum two of the committee parents were assigned to perform the duties to educate and train .it was mandatory that all Sunday afternoons, the committee members would confine in one of the homes and analyze the progress of the organization as well as possible improvements. With time, word spread and the organization nurtured to a point where teenagers outside our community enrolled for the project. However, this positive progress did not last long. Concerned persons commenced raising concerns on negative behaviors among the organization leaders.

First, a committee couple accused a fellow committee member of being unwilling to adjust to new ideas and developments. There were complaints that a male committee member was having a sexual relationship with girl member. One leader was accused of being offensive and harsh to the teenagers. According to the sources he was fond of humiliating teenage members and was not concerned with their welfare. He only claimed to be part of the organization because his wife dragged him into it. This same leader was accused of posing as the organization’s treasurer and used the title to charge new uniformed families for the services. When investigations were conducted, all these accusations were confirmed true. Unfortunately, it was too late for the organization to recover as it had collapsed due to bad image.

ANALYSIS

The leadership traits mentioned in the experience segment above are negative leadership traits which steered the downfall of the organization. Leaders were corrupt, intemperate, callous, corrupt, rigid and insular. Corruption is displayed where a leader lied to be the treasurer in order to extort money from the newly joining families. By posing as a treasurer, he lied. By extorting money from the unknowing families, he cheated. He was dishonest to both the family and the organization. A corrupt leader is one who cheats, lies or steals (Kellerman, 2004).This is a negative leadership trait because leaders should place public interest prior to private interests. Corruption leads to mistrust among followers.

Rigidity is displayed where some leaders declined to adapt new ideas. A rigid leader is one who is reluctant to adapt to fresh information, changing times or new notions (Kellerman, 2004).Rigidity is a negative leadership trait because it deters development yet a good leader is supposed to initiate and perpetuate development. Without development, organizations cannot grow or adapt to external factors not within their control. This way the organization will always be a victim of such factors. An organization whose growth is stagnant cannot achieve its goals.

Intemperance is displayed when a male leader had sexual relationships with a female teenager. An intemperate leader falls short of self-control (Kellerman, 2004).As a leader; one should always be an example to followers. It was bad enough for the leader to educate the disadvantage of teenage sex but still have intercourse with a teenager. Such a leader is no role model. Intemperance is a negative leadership trait as it misleads the followers who are susceptible to emulate their leader’s actions. The objectives of an organization cannot be achieved if both the leaders and followers are behaving unethically.

Callous leadership was displayed when a leader criticized the teenage group members. This was ill and insensible. It is easy to conclude from the critics words “I am here because my wife dragged me into this” that the welfare of the teenagers was not of his concern. This was an insular leader. A callous leader is unkind and uncaring (Kellerman, 2004). The leader under limelight did not care for the teenagers’. A leader who is callous displays negative leadership trait. This is so because by being insensitive and hostile leaders show no support to follower who in turn loose moral and reduce productivity. A good leader should support, appreciate and care for his follower’s welfare failure to which the followers will lose interest and trust in their leadership, collapsing an organization. This leader was also insular. An insular leader degrades the welfare of others (Kellerman, 2004). A perfect example is that of Bill Clinton ignoring the Rwanda genocide or George Bush failing to intervene when summoned to help sojourn the Liberian massacre (Kellerman, 2004).

Summarily, it is recommendable that leaders strengthen their leadership. This is possible if leaders embrace ethics. An ethical leader puts public interest before personal interest. Leaders should incorporate positive character traits in work such as courage, patience and time consciousness. In addition, should be committed to their duties and impose interest for common good. In addition, leaders should support and listen to their followers, be good role models, be honest and perform their tasks with utmost efficiency.

References

Grojean, M. W., Resick, C. J., Dickson, M. W., & Smith, D. B. (2004). Leaders, values, and organizational climate: Examining leadership strategies for establishing an organizational climate regarding ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 55(1), 223-241.

Holloway .J.B (2012) Leadership Behavior and Organizational Climate: An Empirical Study in a Non-profit organization. Retrieved November 25, 2012 from http://www.regent.edu/acad/global/publications/elj/vol5iss1/ELJ_Vol5No1_Holloway_pp9-35.pdfKellerman, B. (2004) Bad Leadership: What It Is, How It Happens, Why It Matters Leadership for the Common Good Series. Boston: Harvard Business Press

Yukl, G., O’Donnell, M., & Taber, T. (2009). Influence of leader behaviors on the leader member exchange relationship. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24(4), 289-299.