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Critical thinking and problem solving
Critical thinking and problem solving
Introduction
Many organizations, institutions and agencies have found themselves making more harm in the process of solving problems than coming up with positive results as expected. Many of these organizations have become malfunctioned as a result of lack of good direction and communication. This problem is mostly affected by the way the strategies that the relevant authority use when it comes to problem solving. It is with this in mind that I want to focus on the critical thinking and problem solving as a way to increase effectiveness. Using critical thinking and problem solving I will be trying to explain why there is the rising murder cases in Baltimore.
Discussion.
Critical thinking is mental process where a problem is broken down and analyzed in order to come up with rational and justified conclusion. A critical thinker here takes his time before rushing to make premature findings by keenly looking at the deeper aspect of the problem rather than focusing on the manifest. It is also important to note that in critical thinking, the person is not relying on a certain precedent case. This has happened in many police department where they tend kto equate a certain crime that has been committed to a series of others that were committed before. They therefore base the past factors that led to such crimes as their evidences to the current situations.
In problem solving however, this should be disputed. Unbiased conclusions and quick generalization of social crimes has rendered much of the work that is done by the crime analysts ineffective and therefore they are unable to successfully establish the root causes of certain series of crimes.
A good system of critical thinking and problem solving does not only focus on a problem in a narrow minded way. They look at a problem from a wider perspective. They look at whether such a crime has ever been committed else where, what were the causes for that kind of crime, what are the similarities with the current crime and how can we borrow from that to solve the current situation.
This can be best understood from the problem analysis triangle. This is a triangular diagram that involves first there players. The first one is a potential offender who is ready to commit a crime. The next one happens to be a given target being aimed by the offender while third factor in the triangle is the time and the space the two are likely to engage. According to this triangle, it is easier for the analysts of crime to determine and predict who, when and where certain kinds of crimes are likely to occur.
To make that kind of a triangle even more effective, this theory suggests that those people who go out to commit crime are under the control of others who have been given the name handlers (Chaney & Rateliffe 2005). Guardians have also been said to be in the control of the targeted people while the managers are said to be the people who control the time and the space where these kinds of this crimes occur. The crime analyst therefore need to understand that each of the parties mentioned here are very vital when it comes to the fighting and the mitigation of crime and therefore they need not leave any stone unturned.
Putting the above theory in a more practical way, the crime analyst must observe four main factors if they are to succeed in their work. One of those factors is the behavior or the atmosphere. Certain crimes are known to be committed after a certain kind of behavior has occurred such as loud noises. They are therefore required to be on high alert to read such cues that may lead them to preventing any further crimes.
The other important factor that should be considered is the persons. It has been found that certain criminal activities are committed by certain groups of people. However, care needs to be taken here to make sure that it is not irrationally assumed that those crimes will only be committed by those particular people, and make the police relax failing to perform thorough investigations. They should be in a position to see if these groups of people could be linked with the crime that has been committed.
The final factor which is equally important is the place and time that the crime is likely to happen. For instance a crime like the one of murder at Baltimore could be taking place in dark and deserted places, where the population is few and therefore no one to observe these offenders. It could also be taking place in the evening hours. The police should therefore do a keen investigation to determine the circumstances under which such crimes are committed and by doing so they will be able to mitigate that.
The other work on the improvement of the crime analysis was suggested by White (2008), who called for the collaboration between the federal state and the agencies that are based locally. Information should be let to flow and shared between the two agencies to avoid any kind of a conflict that may arise in the process. Lack of communication has been cited as the main obstacle to mitigating manageable crimes because there is no cooperation between the two.
The analysts here are called to do independent analysis of the problem and not rely on the past experiences. This is one of the ways that biased information and unfounded facts are eliminated and information that is based on facts is established. There is also a call to ensure that technology is employed and utilized with an aim of making the work much faster and more effective. The rate of crimes are on the rise and therefore the analyst have to keep with that pace if any progress is to be made as far as fighting crime is concerned.
The other factor that has been suggested is that these crime analysts need to work as a team. This is the best way they can exchange information and their experiences that is vital in the work they are involved in. This has led to the call of centralization so that team work is encouraged and dissemination of information is made easier (Boda 2005). This helps to make the force more competent and increase in skills of even handling and applying the necessary technology. Adequate technical support is also vital if the crime analysts are to succeed in what they do. There has been a call to employ qualified and competent team of information technology analysts who are aware of what happens in the crime situations.
In many cases, the source of information for the crimes analysts is not credible as it has been argued by Krizan(1999).Such kind of information according to him is not only invalid but also unreliable. It is therefore important for these analysts to ensure that the information they are working on to solve a certain problem, is coming from trusted sources. He also called for the breaking of the problem into smaller parts for it to be analyzed critically. One of the biggest mistake that analysts do is to act on mind set information and fail to look for the latent part of the problem to see how it could be connected to other factors, which if controlled will help to reduce the crime.
Inductive kind of reasoning has been suggested as one way by which problem solving can succeed (John 2003).This is a king of reasoning that based on given premises which are connected together in a logical manner to provide a rational conclusion. There is the call therefore to shun the inductive reasoning which is used many times but which is marred with a lot of generalizations. It has also been emphasized here that there is need for the analysts to develop a sense of empathy. This is the ability to understand those who commit these crimes from their perspective. With this, the analysts will get to know why the offenders commit certain crimes. After knowing their motives, ways of controlling that can be employed. The same should apply to the case at Baltimore to understand the motive behind the murders.
The other problem solving strategy is by use of a method known as Scanning, Analyzing, Response and Assessment (SARS). Scanning is all about applying the knowledge gained through experience in the job industry to identify the problem. The crime analyst must have a way of establishing a crime based on the skills they posses. This prevents a lot of time wasting.
Analyzing on the other hand deals with what we have mentioned earlier in our discussion. This is the ability to go beyond the manifest problem in the attempt to get the real meaning of the problem presented (Kurth 2004).This is the only way the analysts will be dealing with the actual issue and at the end will eradicate the vices. The other one is the response, where the analysts devise several solutions to the problem. Lastly, there is need for assessment to see if the solution to the problem really applied to the issue and sets precedence for such a problem in future.
Conclusion
The only way that the crime of murder will reduce in Baltimore is by applying critical thinking to the problem solving. It will begin by understanding why this particular people engage in such evil behaviors.
References
Krizan, Lisa. June 1999. Intelligence Essentials for Everybody. Occasional Paper
Washington, DC:
Matthew B. White ( 2008).Enhancing the Problem-Solving Capacity of Crime Analysis Units
Tool Guide 9
Boda, R ( 2005). Critical Analysis and Crime Mapping. California Sage.
Bynum, T (2001). Using Analysis for Problem Solving: a Guildbook for law Enforcement. Washington DC.
Chaney. S and J. Rateliffe (2005). Crime Mapping. London. John Wiley and Sons
Clark, R. and J. Eck. ( 2005). Crime Analysts for Problem Solvers.
Weasel, D (2003). The Order of Analysis in Solving problems. Monsey. NY. Criminal Justice Press.
Bonder, John W. ( 2003). Warning analysts for the information. Intelligence Press. Washington.
Audrey Kurth. ( 2004). Attacking Terrorism. Elements of a Grand Plan. Washington.
Critical Success Factors for your Business Plan
Critical Success Factors for your Business Plan
Presented by
Institution
Date
Critical Success Factors Reason for Importance Steps Taken to Ensure Attainment
Technology implementation Supports the hair salon and its growth through reducing the man power, increased efficiency, reduced the overall cost, and creates efficient means to reach new markets and access to quality products. Looking for the qualified and experienced personals to install internet and other technology devices.
Purchasing products like computers, cables, and other machines from certified dealers to avoid breakages that might cause inconveniences.
Advertisements Advertisement will improve means of gathering customer information to have perfect marketing services. In addition, it creates awareness of the unique services offered in the hair salon therefore, creating a perfect business reputation through providing superior customer services. Advertisement using articles, blogging, link building and forum posting where the team posts about the services offered and their prices. The method makes use of key words, like product/ service name tag, to attract more customers.
Use of demographics that divide the segments of the population in terms of age and gender. These will assist in defining the type of audience to give to each age group.
Outside suppliers The outside suppliers will promote global expansion of the salon by adding services offered by well established salons. In addition, outside suppliers will assist the Family Affair Salon in establishing its markets in other growing economies. Use of international franchising will assist in expanding the business globally by supplying quality materials for operating the salon.
Contracting suppliers who have more years experience on supplying salon products.
References
Banker, M. (2013). Top 7 Critical Business Success Factors 2000. Retrieved from:
http://top7business.com/?Top-7-Critical-Business-Success-Factors-2000&id=127
Brassington, F. & Pettitt, S. (2007). Essentials of Marketing. The Second edition. Harlow:
Financial Times. Prentice Hall.
Kobliski, K. J. (2013). Choosing the Bbest Ad methods for your Business. Retrieved from:
http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/26188
Critical Success Factors for CRM
Critical Success Factors for CRM
Name
Affiliation
Table of Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645317” Introduction PAGEREF _Toc414645317 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645318” Technology Decisions PAGEREF _Toc414645318 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645319” Managerial Leadership PAGEREF _Toc414645319 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645320” Big Picture PAGEREF _Toc414645320 h 5
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645321” Measurable Return PAGEREF _Toc414645321 h 6
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645322” Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc414645322 h 6
HYPERLINK l “_Toc414645323” Reference PAGEREF _Toc414645323 h 7
Introduction
In this paper, the elements impacting the implementation of customer relationship management (CRM) at managing an account industry in Taiwan were broke down. The findings of the research demonstrate that business advantage, implementation /practice, development and expansion, business progress elements influence CRM (Boulding, Staelin, Ehret & Johnston, 2005). It was additionally discovered that the most imperative obstructions to managing an account industry are insufficient supporting plans, lacking corresponding measure, and absence of social status. The connections between diverse components were likewise dissected and a few proposals were proposed to address the current circumstance.
On the other side of its capacity to give rate of return from upgraded advertising battles, expanded deals and enhanced customer management, customer relationship management technology has the potential for a few purposes of disappointment (Wang, Po Lo, Ch & Yang, 2004). Be that as it may attentive management and a decently considered pre-implementation technique can counter large portions of these concerns, as per specialists (Ernst, Hoyer, Krafft & Krieger, 2011). Taking the time to get information from all included divisions on absolute necessities and sought peculiarities, on work process and methodology, and talking about and, if conceivable, seeing forthcoming sellers’ customers utilizing the CRM application under thought is time well spent (Heller Baird & Parasnis, 2011). It’s regular to need a prompt ROI on your organization’s CRM venture, yet gradually and efficiently revealing the new application will spare migraines, representative purchase in and money.
Organizations ought not to see CRM as the best approach to determine their issues. Rather, officials can utilize their choice to contribute as a part of CRM software as the chance to reexamine more seasoned targets, methods and supporting business forms (Reinartz, Krafft & Hoyer, 2004). As they look over all the application software, they ought to figure out if their organizations could profit from new ways to old situations. 10 years back, CRM earned an awful notoriety when Gartner reported that half to 70% of CRM software establishments fizzled. In 2009, there was a 52% fell in CRM implementations, as indicated by Forrester (Heller Baird & Parasnis, 2011). Penetrating deeper, however, just a couple of elements cause most CRM software disappointments. Stay away from these, and your CRM achievement rate increments.
Technology Decisions
Decisions in CRM software innovation can have sweeping ramifications, which if not proactively tended to may not be perceived until an implementation is in progress (Reimann, Schilke & Thomas, 2010). There are numerous CRM application and innovation alternatives, for example, business or open source CRM, vertical business sector or flat business applications, and on-reason or on-interest/ software as an management CRM strategies with their remote management and membership evaluating models (Heller Baird & Parasnis, 2011). These decisions should regularly be made inside the domain of earlier IT speculations and the setting of the current IT environment. In numerous examples, an office or specialty unit might as of now have acquired a CRM application free of whatever is left of the association, and any new applications must synchronize with the foundation set up (Phan & Vogel, 2010).
CRM integration is a top achievement variable when acquiring another CRM strategy. It is critical to guarantee that all applications which impart business process work processes or imparted information can be effectively coordinated, that information is not siloed or detached, and that information is overhauled at the same time crosswise over projects (Heller Baird & Parasnis, 2011). Thus, it frequently bodes well to institutionalize on a solitary CRM software strategy as opposed to manage numerous applications from diverse sellers.
Managerial LeadershipLike any large-scale enterprise software initiative, a CRM implementation obliges a pioneer, not a nonentity however somebody who energetically grasps the idea and reality of the device and firmly advocates for its utilization over the whole association (Nguyen & Mutum, 2012). This ought to be a top-level official who can be relied on to submit assets and accumulate boundless backing crosswise over both C-level individuals and operational management (Heller Baird & Parasnis, 2011).
Without noticeable top-level backing, your CRM establishment effortlessly could fumble. While it may well get financing, the period of time regularly needed, the extent of the task and the level of departmental contribution mean the undertaking could lose some of its star offer on occasion, making an in number top-level defender an absolute necessity have for achievement (Keramati, Mehrabi & Mojir, 2010).
CRM projects are famous for going over plan and after some time. I surmise that regularly it is on account of not all partners in the process completely see how much the corporate society and normal operations can be influenced by the strategy. In the event that those issues are tended to right on time and totally, it will have a major effect in the accomplishment of the CRM implementation (Lo, Stalcup & Lee, 2010)
Big PictureAt times companies that support CRM are liable of building up their items and over-guaranteeing the product’s capacities. Seeing the customer management in real life, self-trialing the application and addressing existing customers are the three most ideal approaches to battle showcasing talk, promoting dialect and expanded desires (Keramati, Mehrabi & Mojir, 2010). At different times, customers haven’t taken the time to completely comprehend their operation and their organization’s feasible arrangements (Lin, Chen & Kuan-Shun Chiu, 2010). Knowing where you plan to be in a year or three years is vital: You would prefer not to purchase software from an engineer that spends significant time in little organizations if your organization is on-track to grow significantly. In the event that your business hopes to include branches in Latin America, you’ll need software with Spanish and Portuguese renditions, while an organization with workplaces in Italy needs an application that can deal with Euros, diverse time zones, and Italian (Lambert, 2009). Appropriately distinguishing your necessities in a goal, organized and measurable design is an essential to recognizing the ideal CRM strategy for your business.
Measurable ReturnOnce the CRM strategy’s (at last) set up, associations must have doled out assets and strategies to gauge their advancement and ROI (Keramati, Mehrabi & Mojir, 2010). Beforehand measured gauge measurements ought to have been recorded for both imperative and routine business forms. Going ahead, ROI estimation ought to be performed on an occasional premise, regularly quarterly, so as to realize what’s working, what’s not living up to expectations and actualize remediation measures where essential so as to augment best CRM strategies to adopt (Kumar, 2010).
Conclusion
CRM practices are likewise subject to the marketing techniques and the partner’s confidence in that specific mechanical endeavor. No such practice can succeed if the partners lose confidence in the adequacy of the business and if no move is made to restore confidence. A noteworthy obstacle where most CRM modules disintegrate is the expense expectation for the venture and planning. Both of these things must be spoken to customers with incredible clarity to avoid equivocalness which will at last tar the customer relations.
One of the fundamental driver behind the disappointment of CRM practices is that these regularly upset the operations of alternate bureaus of the business. In this way, there ought to be a legitimate and acknowledged harmony between them. The CRM model must not be so entangled it couldn’t be possible be actualized effectively in light of the fact that that diminishes the conviction of the workers in its utility and strains the whole process.
Summing up, Customer Relationship Management practices are a synergistic coordination of specialized and management factors which are not just effected by the effectiveness of the data innovation included additionally by the administrative exertion, worker responsibility and the customer’s faith in the business’ validity.
ReferenceBoulding, W., Staelin, R., Ehret, M., & Johnston, W. J. (2005). A customer relationship management roadmap: What is known, potential pitfalls, and where to go. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 155-166.
Ernst, H., Hoyer, W. D., Krafft, M., & Krieger, K. (2011). Customer relationship management and company performance—the mediating role of new product performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(2), 290-306.
Heller Baird, C., & Parasnis, G. (2011). From social media to social customer relationship management. Strategy & Leadership, 39(5), 30-37.
Keramati, A., Mehrabi, H., & Mojir, N. (2010). A process-oriented perspective on customer relationship management and organizational performance: An empirical investigation. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(7), 1170-1185.
Kumar, V. (2010). Customer relationship management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lambert, D. M. (2009). Customer relationship management as a business process. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(1), 4-17.
Lin, R. J., Chen, R. H., & Kuan-Shun Chiu, K. (2010). Customer relationship management and innovation capability: an empirical study. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110(1), 111-133.
Lo, A. S., Stalcup, L. D., & Lee, A. (2010). Customer relationship management for hotels in Hong Kong. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(2), 139-159.
Nguyen, B., & Mutum, D. S. (2012). A review of customer relationship management: successes, advances, pitfalls and futures. Business Process Management Journal, 18(3), 400-419.
Phan, D. D., & Vogel, D. R. (2010). A model of customer relationship management and business intelligence systems for catalogue and online retailers. Information & management, 47(2), 69-77.
Reimann, M., Schilke, O., & Thomas, J. S. (2010). Customer relationship management and firm performance: the mediating role of business strategy. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(3), 326-346.
Reinartz, W., Krafft, M., & Hoyer, W. D. (2004). The customer relationship management process: Its measurement and impact on performance. Journal of marketing research, 41(3), 293-305.
Wang, Y., Po Lo, H., Chi, R., & Yang, Y. (2004). An integrated framework for customer value and customer-relationship-management performance: a customer-based perspective from China. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 14(2/3), 169-182.