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JANE ADDAMS
JANE ADDAMS
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Jane Addams
Jane Addams was one of the most remarkable women who was very instrumental in bringing a lot of changes in American society as well as to the world. She has been emulated by many and she is a very good role model to so many girls and women’s some of who even up to today still live on her principles and way of life. She discovered her mission and goal in life two times and these were what she wanted most and what made her renowned. Her two goals were for educated women to share all types of knowledge and skills with poorer people in her neighborhood especially the immigrants while the other goal was to advance and promote international peace (Linn, 2000). These two made her renowned and to become the first women in the United States of America to be presented with the Nobel peace prize. Therefore herein this paper discusses her history, achievements, and how she managed to achieve them as well as their impacts on contemporary society.
Addams was born in Illinois on 6th September 1860. She was the eighth child in her family even though only five of the children survived. Her mother died when she was 2 years old, however, her father was one of the richest people within their neighborhoods and therefore she did not suffer a lot when her mother left as she had a good father. Her deep social mission sense and liberal Christian values are what formed her as she grew up. In 1881 she graduated from the Rock field female seminary as a valedictorian and she was awarded her degree after a year when the seminary was fully accredited as Rockford College for Women (Hamington, 2009). She was part of what was called new women and this group of women comprised of those women who were educated at the college level and those that were independent.
She was she spend about two years traveling and studying in Europe while the next two years she also spent as she thought and write down what her life was about. During one of the visits to Europe whereby she went along with her friend Ellen Starr she discovered and visited a settlement house in the east end of London and therefore through this she got an inspiration to begin the same kind of house in Chicago. With her friend Ellen, she decided to begin this kind of house in Chicago and it was successful. They leased a house that belonged to Charles hull and this is what they used for their purpose of making sure that they provided the basic education. Skills, knowledge and so much more the poor people of the Chicago neighborhoods and especially the immigrants (Hamington, 2009).
The two were very instrumental in making sure that the children got their rights and that they were protected. They gave speeches about how it is important to take care of the social good and through their speeches, they encouraged women to take care of the children and invited more people to take part in this golden calling and goal to make society better. They nursed the sick, took care of the children, urged the well-to-do families to help, and raised money. By the time it was two years old it hosted approximately 2000 people and this was a very great success. With time the simple first house was incorporated with a swimming pool, coffee house, gymnasium, a music school, a book bindery among others (Haberman, 1972).
In 1905 she was appointed to be a member of the board of education and in the same course, she was appointed as the chairperson of the committee for school management. In 1908 she was one of the founders of the Chicago school of philanthropy and civics. In 1909 she became the first woman president of the national conference of corrections and charities. Yale University awarded her the first honorary degree awarded to a woman in the year 1910. She believed women had their rights and therefore there was a need for them to be considered and given a hearing in society. She believed that women had a very great role to play when it came to the enhancement of society and therefore along this women were supposed to be given the rights to vote and express their voice in selecting their leaders.
Her second major goal in life and which was challenging to a great extent was when she tried to retain peace and advised America not to get engaged in the first world war. At this point, she believed peace was very important and there were other ways to deal with the issues which were happening in the society apart from getting into conflicts with others and fighting. Due to her stand, she got very much criticized by the media and she had a bad experience for standing for peace and other methods to solve challenges. However, this never diminished her zeal and will to fight for social justice and peace. She also published a book called newer ideals of peace in line with her promotion of peace. Due to her stand about war, she was also expelled from daughters of the American Revolution (Linn, 2000).
In conclusion, therefore, the contribution of Addams to the American shaping of peace ideals, improvement of humanity and human dignity as well as the place of women have had a very great impact on the whole of the united states. She has been said to be a very instrumental and very important part of American history and this makes her outstanding in the way she is perceived and known by many people.
References
Haberman, F. W. (1972). The Nobel Peace Prize 1931. NobelPrize.org. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1931/addams/biographical/.
Hamington, M. (2009). The social philosophy of Jane Addams. University of Illinois Press.
Linn, J. W. (2000). Jane Addams: a biography. University of Illinois Press.
second-paper
James Thomas
Descriptive Statists and Interpretation
QNT/561
September 14 2015
Descriptive Statistics
Sales based on Rental Class (in USD)
The distribution is normally distributed.
Central Tendency: Mean = 42.84 dollars.
Dispersion: Standard deviation = 9.073 dollars.
Count: 100
Min/Max: Min is $23.00; Max is $64.00
Confidence Interval (alpha = 0.05): $41.06 to $44.62
The histogram is present in Appendix A; the descriptive statistics are present in Appendix B.
Age
The distribution is not normally distributed.
Central Tendency: Median = 35 years
Dispersion: Interquartile Range = 12 years / 2 = ± 6 years
Count: 100
Min/Max: Min is 25 years; Max is 50 years
Confidence Interval: The data is not normally distributed, therefore there is no confidence interval
The histogram is present in Appendix A; the descriptive statistics are present in Appendix B; the scatterplot relating age and sales is in Appendix C.
Sex of Renter
Thirty-four percent of the people sampled were female on display while sixty-six percent of people sampled were male renters. The bar chart is in Appendix E.
Descriptive Statistics Interpretation
Sales
One hundred people were randomly selected, and their sales were measured. Their sales were observed between $23.00 and $64.00. Sales were broken down as $23.00 being the economy size vehicle or the smallest vehicle in the rental car class and up, $64.00 was the luxury vehicle rental price. The average sales were $42.84,which was the full size vehicle, with a standard deviation of $9.07. Approximately half or more of the data values are above $42.84. There is enough evidence to say that the population sales amount lies between $41.06 and $44.62 with 95% confidence. This indicates both male and female tend to rent the full size or premium size vehicle, based on the price of the vehicle.
Age
The data is not normally distributed and is skewed to the left. One hundred people male and female were randomly selected, and their ages were measured. Their ages were between 25 and 50 years, with a variation of ± 6 years. Half of the people’s ages lie above 35 years. The middle half of the peoples’ ages are between 28 and 40 years. The mode, or the most frequent age, was 25 years.
APPENDIX A
Sales and Age Histograms
APPENDIX B
Descriptive Statistics on Sales and Age
APPENDIX C
Scatterplot of Age versus Sales
APPENDIX E
Bar chart for ID on Display
Bin Frequency
0 34
1 66
More 0
Key:
represents 0, or not on display
1-2 represents 1, or on display
Jailbirds Reflection Assignment
Jailbirds Reflection Assignment
In the Netflix series “Jailbirds”, many things that happen in the prison including the fights, flirtation, toilet fishing, and toilet talk amongst the imprisoned women are really surprising. what surprised me the most was how the inmates were able to fish contrabands through the toilets. Despite the tight rules that jail officials had set, the inmates found a way to smuggle all sorts of things from drugs to letters; through a process they referred to as “fishing” Through the process of fishing, the inmates are able to communicate through letter (which they call kites) despite being in different places within the tower with eight floors. The items are flashed through the toilet with the aid of ripped undershirts which are tied together to make long lines, then attached to plastic spoons at the end. When ready, both the person on the top floor and one on the floor below flushes, and the attached plastic spoons on the ends of their lines get tangled; so, either of the inmates can pull the line to receive the item. Another thing that surprised me was the idea of clogging the toilet bowls to cause another floor to flood, as a form of revenge. In episode four, the inmates are able to cause toilets on other floors to overflow by using feces, urine, and food to clog their own toilets. On the other hand, that causes a challenge for the jail workers who’ve got to clean it up.
From the movie, I have learnt that being incarcerated isn’t a picnic, and the experience can be unnerving, confusing and downright demoralizing, but it’s something that many of us don’t really know about. Maybe we’ve only caught a glimpse of prison shows on TV before changing channels to watch something more entertaining. Maybe we’ve never been imprisoned personally or seen someone go through the ordeal firsthand, but it’s most likely that we don’t know any details about what goes on behind bars. From watching the movie, there is no doubt that being in jail for even a short time is difficult for almost everyone, but there are some who seem to be able to manage it better than others: some adapt to life in jail better than others, and some understand how it works long before they get there. For example, the inmates are forced to form squads which act as supportive groups meant to help each inmate adapt to living in prison. This is because a person’s social network is considered one of the most important factors that contributes to their success or failure in any prison environment. Some members who are in their squad are able to find ways around the rules and also act as mentors for all members of their squad. There were, however, other inmates who didn’t have this advantage, who were deprived of that support and were forced to go it alone with no close friends behind them, and it seemed like they had nothing going for them at all. They spent most of their time dealing with stress brought about by the continuous pressure from the guards and from other inmates, which often led to conflicts even among themselves.
Being in the facility as an inmate must be a very difficult and challenging situation. The characteristics portrayed by the inmates signify how prisoners can get lost in a life full of wrong choices, risks, and unfortunate circumstances. In order for these people to function again, it is necessary to make them understand what went wrong so that they can make better decisions about their lives. Once this understanding has been achieved, a person will change their environment so that it does not impact them negatively anymore or at least improve from what currently is happening.
Prison facilities should be improved. The US prison population has skyrocketed in recent years, leaving government agencies with a large number of inmates to house. However, prisons are not designed to house such a large number of individuals and tend to see regular overcrowding crises by the end of each year. To overcome these issues, lawmakers have proposed increasing funding for prisons and “transforming” how they are run. Some reforms that appear inevitable include using behavioral science techniques to reduce recidivism rates, improving facilities for inmate health, and conducting evaluations on specific programs or trends that may show up in the future (Boppre, 2019). By doing so, the conditions will be changed for the better; thus, will help reduce the mortality rates for prison inmates. In 2008, the former US president George Bush signed a bill into law that contained $2 billion for prison construction including building new facilities for health care services and drug treatment programs designed to reduce drug-related violence among inmates (Boppre, 2019). That greatly helped to improve the facilities, but the spending did not stop there (Boppre, 2019). Reforms to healthcare, recreation and education remained in place, therefore they will continue to be altered as more funds are released (Boppre, 2019).
Although that was a positive sign of progress for most states, it is important to note that only 25 states provide comprehensive health care for prisoners at all institutions (including long-term prisons). It is therefore essential to consider allocating sufficient funds to meet all the needs that require to be addressed to improve the facilities. By doing so, the correction facilities shall have healthy and safe environments in which imprisoned inmates would be able to attain correction, rather than have their lives endangered.
References
Boppre, B. (2019). Improving correctional strategies for women at the margins: Recommendations for an intersectionally-responsive approach. Corrections, 4(3), 195-221. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23774657.2019.1588807
