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It was found that Asperger syndrome is a neurobiological condition that is among a group of disorders that are commonly known
ASPERGER SYNDROME
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Introduction
It was found that Asperger syndrome is a neurobiological condition that is among a group of disorders that are commonly known as autism spectrum disorders. This common term is used to mean or to refer to a number of a wide range if disabilities in the developmental stages that also include autism and other disorders that display the same or almost similar characteristics (Asperger syndrome). Autism in this case is said to be one among many disorders that make up and the pervasive developmental disorders. Pervasive developmental stages are referred to as a group of conditions that affect the development process that involve impaired or delayed social and communication skills, cognitive and behavioral skills. Autism is indicated to be among the widely- known condition of all of the PDDs; these conditions are also referred to as autism spectrum disorders (Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders).
These disorders are known as spectrum disorders because of the way the characteristics and symptoms of each can display themselves in combinations that are different and in degrees of severity that also varying. For example, two patients can exhibit a broad variety of abilities and skills though they have been given the same diagnosis, and even when they have similar patterns of behavior. As a result, professionals have come up with a number of general terms that are used to refer to the children patients displaying behaviors that fit with the spectrum. Some of these terms include low- functioning, autistic tendencies, high- functioning, and pervasive developmental disorders among others. It has also been found that children with Asperger syndrome have numerous characteristics and symptoms in common with children with high- functioning autism. Studies have estimated that not less than 400, 000 families have one or more of their members affected by Asperger syndrome. The incidence has currently been increasing and it was found that the reason behind this was not an increase in the condition itself but an increase in the in the identification of milder cases that were undetectable before. However, the fact still remains that Asperger syndrome is one of the most difficult condition to treat and diagnose among the other conditions (Asperger syndrome). This paper will cover some of the information included in a number of linked websites to find out more information about Asperger syndrome, and the meaning of the information to professionals and students in psychology.
Asperger syndrome derives its name from a Vietnamese pediatrician who was the first to describe some of the common characteristics and behavior patterns associated with patients with Asperger condition in 1940; he was called Hans Asperger. He noticed that his patients had social skills that were severely impaired and were not able to communicate with the others efficiently, and that their coordination was poor even though their language and intelligence development was normal. The Asperger Coalition of the United States has pointed out that Asperger syndrome starts later than what is expected in cases of autism, with the majority of the kids being diagnosed after they have reached the age of 5 to 9 (Asperger syndrome).
There are several characteristics which indicate the presence of Asperger syndrome. Some of them include such characteristics as social interactions that are poor or underdeveloped, patterns of speech that are odd, obsessions and other mannerisms that are peculiar. It was also found that most children with Asperger syndrome have a number of specific facial expressions and most of them have difficulties in understanding the body language of other individuals. They also might engage in routines or behaviors that are obsessive and show sensitivity to sensory stimuli that might not been displayed by other children. For example, some of them show oversensitivity to light and sounds that other children might be comfortable with. Generally, kids with Asperger syndrome can function normally in life like other children; the only difference is that their social maturity is at times peculiar or limited. Other characteristics might include clumsiness, motor delays, peculiar preoccupations, and limited interests. It was found that these symptoms can continue to adulthood with individuals showing less concern and empathy for others and having limitations with their social skills. However, it was also found that these symptoms and characteristics can greatly diminish if they are diagnosed early and an early intervention is included (Asperger syndrome).
A site describing the symptoms and signs of Asperger syndrome indicate that a professional is the best individual to evaluate the symptoms of a child if it is suspected that they are suffering from one of these conditions because the condition can be easily confused with other disorders with similar characteristics. It was learned that Asperger syndrome can and is commonly confused with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Asperger syndrome). Surprisingly, it was found that ADHD is an extremely common behavioral disorder that is prevalent in about 8 to 10 percent of children of the school- going age. It was found that it is more prevalent in boys than in girls with boys being at a risk thrice that of girls of being affected by the condition. Children with this condition are hyperactive, act without thinking and have focusing difficulties. They never follow instruction though they understand them because of the difficulties they have of sitting still, attending to details and paying attention (What is ADHD?).
It is, therefore, essential to have a professional who can differentiate between the symptoms of the both conditions to diagnose a child displaying such symptoms. Some of the most common symptoms associated with Asperger syndrome include speech that is robotic, scripted or repetitive, social interactions that are minimal or inappropriate, limited common sense, challenges with writing, reading and math skills, obsessions, limited nonverbal cognitive techniques, movements that are awkward and mannerisms and behaviors that are odd. It essential to note that unlike children with autism, children with Asperger syndrome might not display language development delays; in most cases, they attain grammatical skills that are fair and vocabulary that is advanced at normal developmental stages. However, the use of language in various social contexts is usually common (Asperger syndrome).
The causes of Asperger syndrome and autism still remain unknown and researchers are still studying some of the possible causes of the conditions. Many scientists, however, speculate that the behavior patterns characterizing children with Asperger syndrome might be as a result of numerous causes. It is, for example, believed that there is a genetic factor to Asperger syndrome, and other studies have indicated that other disorders such as bipolar and depression disorders might be significant causes of this condition (Asperger syndrome). Depression has been characterized as one of the most common and significant mental condition in the US. A child is diagnosed with depression when such things like depressive mood, and state lingers for an extended period of time like months and even more, and when these depressive moods limit the child or person to function normally (Understanding depression). Others still think that there is an environmental factor involved. It was found out that the condition does not result from the way people are brought up or from deprivation of emotions as many assume. It is a fully neurobiological order that many scientists have not come to comprehend yet (Asperger syndrome). Current research has, however, made significant advances and found out that Asperger syndrome can be caused by certain abnormalities in the brain. Such revelations have been found using advanced brain imaging techniques that have shown functional and structural differences in certain brain areas of children with Asperger syndrome versus those without (What causes AS?).
It has been indicated that it is extremely challenging to diagnose Asperger syndrome. This is because children with the condition function normally in most life aspects and it common for parents and professionals to attribute some of their odd behaviors to just being different from the other children. Professionals have, however, recommended early intervention for children with Asperger syndrome. Most professionals perform thorough psychological evaluations on children displaying Asperger- like symptoms (Asperger syndrome).
Because children with the condition display varying behavior patterns, there is no one particular treatment or cure for Asperger syndrome. There are different kinds of treatment that might benefit a patient according to the symptoms they display. Some include training and education of parents, training on social skills, language therapy, training for younger children of sensory integration, and medications (Asperger syndrome). Educational interventions for the child can also be beneficial. This only applies to those children who have delayed skills and other kinds of disabilities. These programs might help children with learning disabilities, emotional disorders, autism, cognitive challenges, language or speech impairment and delays in development (Individualized education programs).
It has been understood that with treatment options that are appropriate and effective, children with Asperger syndrome can learn to cope and live with their disabilities but they might at times find it challenging to express competence in social situations and personal relations. Many adults who have successfully undergone these therapies are able to work in mainstream jobs although they might still need continued support and encouragement to live an independent life (Do children with AS get better?). Recent studies are still being contacted to show how different disorders in the nervous system and brain affect and result to symptoms of Asperger syndrome (What research is being done).
Conclusion
This topic is of great interest to my profession especially because there has been such limited research on some facets related to the issue. The information provided in these websites, therefore, is of major importance because it further psychologists’ knowledge on the matter, and further, points out areas of interest that need to be researched on for the betterment of the services provided to the patients. The benefits of what was found in these websites are many. One is that we, as professionals, get to know some of the main symptoms of the condition that might be of help to us when it comes to diagnosing the disorder. Another benefit is that we become aware as professionals of the common mistakes that are made during diagnosis and the knowledge on how to avoid such confusions. Misconceptions about causes of the disorder such as deprivation of emotions are also cleared after reading these materials. However, one of the most essential significance of the outcomes of this study was the fact that some gaps were found in the studies available about Asperger syndrome. For example, it was noticed that there are no clear studies that have yet found the causes of the disorder. It is, therefore, a challenge for us as psychologists to take up this task and further explore the causes so that these gaps can be closed.
References
Asperger syndrome. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/brain/asperger.html#Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/learning/pervasive_develop_disorders.htmlDo children with AS get better? What happens when they become adults? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179723080Individualized education programs. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/growth/learning/iep.htmlUnderstanding depression. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/understanding_depression.htmlWhat causes AS? Is it genetic? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179693080What is ADHD? Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/learning/adhd.htmlWhat research is being done? Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/asperger/detail_asperger.htm#179733080
Solving Quadratic Equations Week 4
Ashford 5: – Week 4 – Discussion 1
Your initial discussion thread is due on Day 3 (Thursday) and you have until Day 7 (Monday) to respond to your classmates. Your grade will reflect both the quality of your initial post and the depth of your responses.
Solving Quadratic Equations
In this discussion, you will solve quadratic equations by two main methods: factoring and using the Quadratic Formula. Read the following instructions in order and view the example to complete this discussion:
If the third letter of your last name is On pages 635 and 636, solve the following problem by factoring Solve the following problem by using Quadratic Formula
My last name is “Askew” 88 46 on page 646
Use letter “K”
For the factoring problem, be sure you show all steps to the factoring and solving. Show a check of your solutions back into the original equation.
For the Quadratic Formula problem, be sure that you use readable notation while you are working the computational steps. Refer to Inserting Math Symbols for guidance with formatting.
Present your final solutions as decimal approximations carried out to the third decimal place. Due to the nature of these solutions, no check is required.
Incorporate the following four math vocabulary words into your discussion. Use bold font to emphasize the words in your writing (Do not write definitions for the words; use them appropriately in sentences describing your math work.):
Quadratic formula
Factoring
Completing the square
Discriminant
Love is not a foreign phenomenon in any culture all over the world
Artistic Themes from Ancient Cultures: Greece and Rome
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Artistic Themes from Ancient Cultures: Greece and Rome
Love is not a foreign phenomenon in any culture all over the world; love enabled the people from different cultures to live together in peace. The various cultures gad unique way of showing love, there was a way a father showed love to his children which was very different from how he showed love to the wife, but the bottom line was the person who love was being expressed acknowledged that it was a show of love.
The way people showed love to one another or some practices varied from one culture to another, what was considered as a sign of love might have meant something totally different in another community. The Greek and the Romans had their unique way of showing love and they expressed it artistically just as in the modern world where people can show love either through poems, songs or even drawings. In the Greek and roman ancient times people used the work of art to show love even though the work of art were different from the ones being used today.
Love in ancient Greek and Rome
The ancient art work from Greece and Rome is referred to as classical art. The term is also used to describe the work of art from the latter periods; this is the time that the artists relied on inspiration from things around them to do their work. The initial classical period in Greece started in Greece at around the middle of the 5th century, at around this time most sculptors could easily make sculptures but they were mostly interested in making sculptures of their gods. The love they had for their gods was so immense that the art work portraying their gods was very beautiful and decorated with beautiful marbles. The Romans on the other hand learned most of their art work from the Greeks and most of their art work is mostly borrowed from the Greeks. The Persian invasion, 479-490 BC inspired the Greek; poets came up with poems that portrayed the love they had for the new epoch (Adams, 2011).
In the early times especially during the period known as the Golden age Eros was vey common in Greece. Eros was the god of love to the Greek people but they still used the word to refer to their sexual desires. During the period the sexual desire or “love” as the Greek called it was not gender specific, even though it may seem outrageous the men were more into sexual relationship with young boys that to women. The practice was referred to as pederasty the period had advance effects on the type of art at the time. Poets came up with poems that praised homosexuality such as the poem by Solon known as “Boys and sports”. Homosexuality was also seen in paintings on the walls and even on vase paintings some were very explicit such the painting of a group of men stark naked and right beside them a couple trying to have sexual intercourse. During the period Eros for young boys was normal and artist and poets felt that it was necessary to do some work on it (Adams, 2011).
The type of art work will change later during the Hellenic period, during this period people especially the men started appreciating women and considered them as romantic human beings. The change in the attitude of the society did have an impact on art as well, poets started writing romantic poems to the women artists on the other hand started drawing portraits of beautiful women and giving to them as a sign of love that they had towards them. Even though pederasty and homosexuality was still being practiced it was becoming less and less common (Nisbet, 2006).
Difference in attitude
Ideally speaking the way the Greek expressed their love and also their attitudes is very much different from the modern world. During the golden error it was regarded as normal for a grown up man to have sexual relationship with a young boy, this was because boys who could not emit semen were considered as women. It was considered as honor for a man to pursue and finally manage to have a beautiful boy for a sexual partner. Another attitude during the Golden age period which later changes was that women were not considered as romantic partners. It was believed that a man was never to be romantically be involved with a woman as they were only there to bear children. Women were not allowed to go outside their homes and any man who was to find his woman outside the house would consider such an action as dishonor (Nisbet, 2006).
Conclusion
The cultural practices of a any community has great impact on the work of art from the community, even though the way a certain community displays love might be different or seem awkward to another person from a different community it still remains love. Some communities display love by singing to each other, others consider giving of expensive jewelries as love. The most notable thing however is that cultural practices will forever have a significant effect on the work of art.
References
Adams, L. (2011). Art across time (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Nisbet, G. (2006). Ancient Greece in film and popular culture. London: Bristol Phoenix.