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Marine Biologist
Marine Biologist
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A career in aquatic science is ideal for people who enjoy being around or in water bodies. This career is one of the best options for people who love being around water. Aquatic careers include but are not limited to: diving coach, marine biologist, crabber, fish dealer, and aquaculture scientist. This career field is competitive and the pay is relatively good which makes it a suitable option for those looking for a stable job with some incentives. The recreational use of water bodies is also increasing which has resulted in an increase in demand and opportunities within this field as well. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a growth in demand within this field through 2022 while my industry’s national association predicts an even greater growth by 2024-25 (Morell 23).
The major classes needed to obtain this career include Biology of Marine Organisms, Marine Geology, Marine Pharmacology, Fundamentals of Marine Ecology, Chemistry, Chemical Oceanography, Marine Pollution, Aquaculture, Botany and Zoology.
The career that I am most interested in is marine biologist. I would like to study living things in the ocean and the effects they have on their environment. Marine biologists study the different marine organisms that are found in aquatic bodies; their ways of life, habitats, and adaptations to their environment. Marine biologists spend a considerable amount of time observing various marine animals and recording these observations in detail. They are often required to conduct scientific research as well and create results based on this research as well (Dipper 33).
The admissions criteria for an individual to get into these colleges that offer marine biology are very different, which is why it’s important to be sure that the school is a good fit before applying. So what are the admissions criteria? You can find this information on their websites. Some schools don’t have any particular requirements, but most require you to submit your GRE score. Many colleges also ask for an introduction letter from an academic advisor or teacher as well as letters of recommendation and transcripts from other schools you have attended. To effectively pursue a Bachelor of Science in marine biology, a student must score at least 55% in their 10+2 exams (careers360). Biology is a fundamental subject. One question we found ourselves asking was “Do I need to write a marine biology application essay?” The answer: some colleges do require it, whereas others don’t specify what form of essay they would like you to submit.
The average undergraduate programs tuition costs of institutions offering Marine Biology is about $30,400 per year. This program is a popular major in many communities and different parts of the country, but there are a number of specific costs that you need to be prepared for. The list below will give you an idea of what these costs are and what you should expect in terms of financial aid options if you decide to study Marine Biology. However, these fees can vary widely depending on the school’s location. This number ranges from $28,000 to over $62,000 per year at institutions in the United States and Canada respectively with each varying by region as well as degree level received at that institution.
The major employers or companies that offer employment in this career include United Way, American Red Cross, NASA, Kaiser Permanente, and Home Depot. Marine biologists tend to work independently very often. They spend much of the day in labs or outdoors studying marine habitats. In most cases, the marine biologist is responsible for identifying and studying organisms and plants. They may also track changes in populations over time and perform lab tests for pollution issues. Additionally, a marine biologist can work with other scientists or peer-review papers as well as teaching at an educational institution. The work hours are generally determined by their employer, with typical hours ranging anywhere from full-time to around 10 hours per week outside of the research lab (Vangelova 12).
A Marine biologist is an expert in aquatic life and ocean. They are scientists who conduct in-depth experiments, rehabilitate and rescue injured or sick marine animals. They also monitor animal behaviors for various research purposes. The job description of a marine biologist includes studying animal behavior with respect to their habitat, researching and identifying sea creatures, as well as promoting conservation of endangered species. They also take water samples from different parts of the world by boat or helicopter. Using sophisticated equipment, they will then analyze these samples to determine the health status of that particular body of water. Through this process they are able to add information on what is going on in the marine environment into their study methods. A Marine biologist conducts research about animals and water in order to aid in understanding marine life. They are also the ones who research, gather and analyze data about marine life that is vital to conservation, restoration and preservation of the aquatic wildlife.
This Chemistry career is significant to our way of life as humans in that there are many jobs which require a marine biologist, for example: pollution control, resource management and harvesting. A study in Science found that it is imperative to understand what we depend on and how we interact with the ocean before it is too late to turn back the clock. This includes understanding how these environments function internally and what they provide us with annually (i.e., fish we eat, metal ores used in manufacturing).
The average salary for a job starting marine biologist in the United States is about $36,000 to $66,000. For a middle marine biologist, an average salary can vary from $66,000 to $116,000. Finally, for a max marine biologist in the United States, who has much experience and skills in the field of marine biology most likely will earn slightly above (careers360). Though this is not true for all countries and their economy standards. It does not have to be all about money; what it is about is your place in society and how you are going to interact with society through your career choice. For a max Marine biologist, the salary is often above $100,000.
The projected need for this career is booming! As our populations continue to grow, so does the need for sustainable food production. And that means more people working in jobs like marine biology. For example, shrimp is the most popular seafood in America, and it’s also one of the most ecologically destructive. So as a marine biologist, you’ll be on the front lines of finding sustainable alternatives to commercial fishing like shrimping (including cultivating oysters or farming sea cucumbers).
This career is popular in the united State of America and commonly in the United States. Nationally, this career is on the rise as a result of greater government interest for ecological protection and research. In 2016, north American marine biologist positions increased, which show a growing demand for this profession in recent years. If one are interested in pursuing a career as marine biologist or considering becoming one, it is important to take steps towards understanding the job market and where you might want to pursue your education or professional development. This site has information on demand areas such as state-related statistics that can help inform your decision making process.
Works Cited
“Marine Biology Courses, Subjects, Colleges, Syllabus, Scope, Fees, Eligibility”. Careers360.Com, 2022, https://www.careers360.com/courses/marine-biology-course#:~:text=Undergraduate%20Level,as%20additional%20subjects%20are%20eligible. Accessed 17 May 2022.
Dipper, Frances. “The Marine World.” The Marine World. Princeton University Press, 2021.
Morell, Virginia. Becoming a Marine Biologist. Simon & Schuster, 2019.
Vangelova, Luba. “Marine biologist.” The Science Teacher 87.4 (2019): 60-61.
Lessons Learnt From The USs Current Relationship With Iraq, 2003
Lessons Learnt From The Us’s Current Relationship With Iraq, 2003
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Abstract
The relationship of the United States and Iraq offers a lesson on various diplomatic concepts and the underlying socio-economic and political ideologies. Various scholars have in the past shed light on the sociological aspects of the existing relationship after the decade long invasion and occupancy of Iraq by United States. Theoretical concepts of international relations will be explored to unveil the true picture of U.S – Iraq interaction aftermath. In the interest of researchers, academia and political science, it is imperative that this case is given critical assessment. This issue presents an avenue of intellectual discourse concerning the diverse disciplines that discuss international relations. In view of the social structure, economic policies and political strategies, this debate covers substantial research concepts that are important to ascertain validity and credibility of existing knowledge.
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Background
The United States’ stay in Iraq has been on the global spotlight for over decade. The question many people ask is what the consequences this has on their relations. Apart from Iraq, United States interest in the Middle East has raised eyebrows leading to in-depth research on various dimensions (Lake, 2009, 19). The Geopolitics of Middle East has been a significant contributor to its overall influence in the global economy. However, its socio-economic policies and political system has been the subject of discussion. Iraq wields a lot of influence in the region, and its political ideologies were being seen as a threat by the west. It is not a matter of retelling the chronology of the U.S invasion of Iraq, but the impacts this has on the global socio-economic and political position America occupy. According to Christol (2004, 47-9), diverse acts of atrocities under the guise of setting the new global order of democracy was met with mixed reactions by Middle East nations and Iraq in particular. In this paper, it is important to note that the raging debate on the theoretical concepts surrounding diplomatic relations is the center stage for international peace agreements.
According to Tate (2010, 128-9), the traditional mentality that international relations were limited to specific disciplines is ruled out. This explains the need to break away from the confines of philosophy, sociology and economics as the only relevant disciplines exploring diplomatic ties. International relations theories should equally not be misconstrued as solely for academia. This means it should be given much attention as it plays a critical role in mutual understandings in cross boundary relationships especially in this wake of open economies. The current relationship between United States and Iraq offers a lot of lessons on feasibility of tested theories concerning international relations. It reflects the complex international interactions that are characterized by divergent socio-economic and political ideologies. Kenneth N. Waltz is one of the scholars who assert the fact that diplomatic history has been marred with elitist decision making.
Statement of the Problem
According Waltz, the consideration is on individual state, and to ideological, moral and economic issues, both traditional liberals and classical realists make the same mistake. They fail to develop a serious account of the international system—one that can be abstracted from the wider socio-political domain. Waltz acknowledges that such an abstraction distorts reality and omits many of the factors that were important for classical realism. It does not allow for the analysis of the development of specific foreign policies. However, it also has utility. Notably, it assists in understanding the primary determinants of international politics. He reformulated realism in international relations in a new and distinctive way. In his book Theory of International Politics, first published in 1979, he responded to the liberal challenge and attempted to cure the defects of the classical realism of Hans Morgenthau with his more scientific approach, which became known as structural realism or neorealism. Waltz insists on empirical testability of knowledge and on falsifications as a methodological ideal, which, as he admits, can have only a limited application in international relations. The case of US attack on Saddam Hussein and subsequent changes in approaches of managing Iraq indicates two sides of international relations theories. These include realism and idealism key in defining the relations among states and U.S – Iraq in particular. A realist theory can be seen as a tradition of speculation about the society or states. However, in international relations the realist theory is based on emphasizing the constraints imposed on politics by the nature of human beings (Ikenberry, et al. 2009, 93). The realist school belief that national self- interest mandate nations to constantly acquire power for the purpose of security and existence. It is usually contrasted with idealism or liberalism, which tends to emphasize cooperation. The negative side of the realists’ emphasis on power and self-interest is often their skepticism regarding the relevance of ethical norms to relations among states.
Hans Morgenthau is of the opinion that power is the undisputable feature which determines states policy on both foreign and domestic policies. The realist theory is also known as the power or traditional theory which is centered on power politics. It is concerned with an explanation of what happened, how it happened which is used to predict the trend of what to happen in the future. The lessons observable from the case of the U.S – Iraq relationship triggers further research into the theories that must be discussed to boost the increasing need for International Corporation.
According to Brennan (2013, 139-40), United States wield political and economic power and therefore play a central role in making decisions on global issues. The capitalism ideology has seen the America make several attempts to sink the communism, and this was the disguised intention of America. Military intervention by the U.S in most of its operation in the Middle East has significantly tainted its image in the international platform. Fingers point at neoconservatives who were well connected as the key architects behind the Iraq war. In regard to Guney (2007, 64), there was a political motive behind the lobbying with economic strategies. It is worth to note the involvement of several U.S presidents during their long stay of U.S military operatives in Iraq. The intertwining realism versus idealism approach dictates the perception of various people towards the U.S on how they handled Iraq.
Background to the main issue
The Design of Digital Information Management System for Chinese Optical Stores and the Promotion and Application of SaaS Marketing in Retail Market
Background to the main issue:
The establishment of China’s first e-commerce sector signaled the beginning of a new era in the country’s economy. Digital economy created more than a third of the nation’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020, according to (Karine, 2021). During the same year, more than a quarter of China’s physical product retail sales were conducted online, a figure that was far higher than the global average of 18 percent. In 2020, China accounted for more than half of all e-commerce retail sales worldwide, dwarfing the total amount of sales in Europe and America combined (Couture et al., 2021). With a total population of over 780 million people using e-commerce services, China has the world’s largest number of digital purchasers today (Yu & Cui, 2019). A movement in customer purchase behaviors is driving a shift away from brick-and-mortar businesses and toward online retailers, with China, the world’s largest e-commerce industry, projected to grow at a quick pace of 17.2 percent in 2019 as a direct result of this shift in shopping patterns (Li, Frederick, & Gereffi, 2019). As a consequence of these advancements, it is anticipated that the value of e-commerce will increase in the near future. Chinese e-commerce has grown rapidly as a result of widespread Internet and smartphone usage, improved consumer confidence in online purchases, e-commerce platforms, and a diverse variety of alternative payment solutions such as Alipay and WeChat Pay.
E-commerce in China is very developed, and the country’s Internet economy is quickly developing as a result of the country’s demographic dividends and traffic. In addition to the enormous Taobao, JD.com, and other online integrated retail platforms, WeChat, which offers instant messaging services, has started to construct micro-shops and introduce adverts into the circle of friends of those who use the service (Li, Frederick, & Gereffi, 2019). Douyin, which began with music-related creative social short films, has now expanded to include e-commerce models such as live streaming and online celebrity advertising as well as other services. Aside from that, they offer a number of financial services, such as payments and loans. In addition to banks, Chinese consumers may use online marketplaces Taobao and WeChat, as well as meal delivery services such as Meituan and Ele.me. Users are able to get funding. China has around 900 million internet users (Luo, Wang, & Zhang, 2019). China’s Internet is reliant on its large population for its quick growth, acquisition of market share, and ability to continue to gather funds.
Due to industry change and e-commerce behemoth domination on the C-end market, we choose to concentrate on the B-end market. The world’s biggest maker and exporter of optical products, China, has just surpassed 90 billion dollars and is on course to surpass 100 billion dollars in the next two years. According to the latest estimates, China presently has 31,000 optical establishments. A few large corporations dominate the UK, where four giants control the market: Specsavers, Boots, Vision Express, and David Clulow. These four businesses have over 1,000 stores in the UK, and they focus on crowds, pricing, and eyewear categories. These four giant eyewear brands are almost identical in terms of strategy, production, target markets, and corporate culture. As a consequence, the B-end side only has an insignificant amount compared to the C-end.
Few well-known names, such as Tyrannosaurus and its sub-brand Mosen, Mu Jiu Shi, aojo, and other quick fashion enterprises popular with youths, disguise the fact that China is the world’s biggest maker and exporter of eyeglasses. This has happened in part due to the global glasses business being controlled by behemoths and operating as a near-monopoly. Affecting the value of China’s $100 billion eyewear market, huge firms use techniques like mergers and acquisitions to hinder the country from growing its brand. As a consequence, the Chinese eyewear industry has a wide range of brands, but just a few well-known names. Famous brands’ items look and feel great, but they are 1-3 times more expensive than other eye brands’ products since they have their own stores and distribution networks. Our clients are not household names, but rather methods and processes. We also opted not to manufacture optical glasses since the world’s most well-known brands of optical lenses are likewise monopolized.
Research Question(s):
How can Chinese optical stores leverage the large e-commerce sector to create recognizable Chinese brands and occupy a larger market share in the optical wear industry?
Is the presence of large manufacturing firms in China a hindrance to local companies in relation to growth and market share?
Can the optical wear stores in China apply a hybrid combination of traditional brick and mortar stores and e-commerce to improve their position?
Method and Approach:
In order to answer the research questions, this study will use a qualitative research strategy that will incorporate case study methodology and interviews. The qualitative approach will be used in this research since it will be concentrating on the generation of knowledge rather than numerical representation of data. The goal of using a qualitative technique is for the researcher to be able to generate in-depth material (O’Connor & Joffe, 2020), as well as descriptive information in order to get a deeper understanding of the subject at hand (Shenton, 2004). Beginning with published research on digital marketing in China and other conventional marketing tactics, as well as their most recent developments in the financial industry, which are causing China to make headlines on a global scale, we’ll look for, investigate, and evaluate the findings of this research. The paper will look at why the rise of the e-commerce sector is speeding the development of foreign brands at a faster rate than the development of Chinese companies, particularly in the eye wear industry and market. Specifically, the researcher will make use of the resources available through the University of Leeds Library and on-line resources such as Google Scholar and EbscoHost in order to locate relevant articles, journals, and publications on digital marketing and how it relates to the Chinese eye wear industry as compared to the UK.
The research will follow and document business practices for 99 eye wear stores in China. In addition to the above, the research will introduce new strategies to business owners. The most difficult thing for normal shop owners to deal with is having a lot of mixed-brand goods that need to be sold. As a result, an inventory system that can be used on both mobile phones and computers. Because it doesn’t require the use of an extra tool, it is easier to use than the traditional method of inventorying things. Merchants can use their phones to scan the code, which lets them quickly update and write off their inventory. Because of technological limitations, stores can’t use digital management and collect customer information preferences data together because they don’t have enough space. As part of the system, it is easier to keep track of customer sources digitally and make unique files for each one. By looking at the store’s database feedback, store owners can figure out what people in the neighbourhood like to buy and how much they use. This includes people of all ages and genders. It will be possible to gather information about the most popular styles in the area, as well as improve and improve existing products, in order to come up with new glasses for OEMs to make.
In order to address some of the research questions, current developments in the FinTech business, as well as its marketing channels and potential disruptions, will be critically examined from a critical point of view, as will some of the research questions themselves. A critical qualitative analysis will be conducted with the goal of developing a long-term digital marketing strategy for Chinese eye wear stores and evaluating the impact on the optical industry. All of this will be combined to form a long-term digital marketing strategy for Chinese eye wear stores and evaluate the impact on the optical industry. Interacting with persons working in the Chinese optical wear business, including as shop managers, owners, manufacturers, and consumers, will be very beneficial to this research’s outcome.
Throughout the course of this study, the researcher will conduct a minimum of 12 interviews with eye wear industry professionals and members of the industry network. The general goal is to record the interviewee’s responses in order to utilize them in the future (with their consent and thorough explanation of purpose, consent signing, anonymity, and privacy issues addressed). The information and insights acquired via this technique will be used to enhance and criticize the overall study project as a whole. Every aspect of this qualitative study, analysis, and conclusion-drawing will be carried out utilizing theme analysis, which will make use of coding to integrate and explain the information gathered.
Timetable of Project Activities and Key Deliverables:
The most important deliverable is a 12000-word dissertation to be submitted to the Leeds University School of Business. The complete document will have chapters with the following headings: Introduction (chapter 1), Literature Review (chapter 2), Case Study Review (chapter 3), Results (chapter 4), Discussion (chapter 5), Summary and Recommendations (chapter 6). Additionally, the report will include a references and appendices section in accordance with the University’s specifications. Others include a quick summary paper sent to the participants and weekly drafts of chapters to the supervisor who will be reviewed and commented on.
Resources:
My experience and lessons gained throughout the course
The University library and access to high quality academic journals and materials:
•Journals and textbooks that are available from the university’s library either online or offline
•Web search engine Google Scholar
•Other relevant authentic websites accessed through Google
Interviews and case study revelations from eye wear industry stakeholders
Software- Microsoft Excel and NVIVO for qualitative analysis.
Supervisor input and faculty members
References
Couture, V., Faber, B., Gu, Y., & Liu, L. (2021). Connecting the countryside via e-commerce: evidence from China. American Economic Review: Insights, 3(1), 35-50.
Karine, H. A. J. I. (2021). E-commerce development in rural and remote areas of BRICS countries. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(4), 979-997.
Kwak, J., Zhang, Y., & Yu, J. (2019). Legitimacy building and e-commerce platform development in China: The experience of Alibaba. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 115-124.
Li, F., Frederick, S., & Gereffi, G. (2019). E-commerce and industrial upgrading in the Chinese apparel value chain. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 49(1), 24-53.
Luo, X., Wang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2019). E-Commerce development and household consumption growth in China. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (8810).
Ma, S., Chai, Y., & Zhang, H. (2018). Rise of Cross‐border E‐commerce Exports in China. China & World Economy, 26(3), 63-87.
O’Connor, C., & Joffe, H. (2020). Intercoder reliability in qualitative research: debates and practical guidelines. International journal of qualitative methods, 19, 1609406919899220.
Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for information, 22(2), 63-75.
Tang, W., & Zhu, J. (2020). Informality and rural industry: Rethinking the impacts of E-Commerce on rural development in China. Journal of Rural Studies, 75, 20-29.
Wang, Z., & Kim, Y. (2018). How marketing factors influence online browsing and sales: evidence from China’s e-commerce market. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 34(2), 253-264.
Yu, H., & Cui, L. (2019). China’s e-commerce: empowering rural women?. The China Quarterly, 238, 418-437.