Recent orders
Indian Removal Policy
Indian Removal Policy
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Indian Removal Policy
What does Jackson say the advantages of Indian Removal will be for the federal and state governments? It would significantly mitigate the rivalry between the central and state governments. Also, Indian Removal would facilitate the white settlers to inhabit the vast parts of the South and the West, aiming to protect from foreign invasion.
What does Jackson say the advantages of Indian Removal will be for the Indians? The Indian Removal will separate the Indians from close interaction with whites’ settlement, and this will liberate them from the power of the state. Also, it will enable them to pursue happiness in their way and under their rude institution.
According to Jackson, why did the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes agree to move? They have preferred maintaining their independence in the Western forests to adhering to the state laws in which they now reside. The white settlers and Native Americans couldn’t coexist. What did the tribes receive in exchange for the treaty? They give the Indians a fair change in consideration of their Removal.
What has been the result of Philanthropy with the Indians? It had been vastly applied in devising means to avert it, but its progress has never for a moment arrested, and one by one have many powerful tribes disappeared from the earth. What does Jackson mean by philanthropy? We behold the memorials of once a powerful race, exterminated or rather disappeared to create room for the existing savage tribes.
How does Jackson say his policy is a continuation of previous policies? Population and civilization waves are rolling towards the westwards, and they now propose to acquire the occupied countries by the South and West red men by a fair exchange. How is it different? To send them to a land where their existence may be prolonged and perhaps made perpetual.
How does Jackson justify moving Indian groups from their native lands? Their founding fathers left all that was dear in earthly objects to enhance their condition in less familiar ground.
What is the government offering Indians who move from their lands? Buying the land, they occupy. Also, pay the cost incurred during the removal process, not mention uttering annihilation.
What does Jackson say was the agreement between new states and the federal government concerning Indian territories? A duty to extinguish the Indian title to all land which Congress themselves have included within their limit, as soon as possible.
Why can’t the Indians stay on their land? The buying of their land s does not alter in the least their relationship with the state government. What is the relationship between state and federal governments? Both governments regulate citizens, and they operate under the principle of federalism. Why don’t states have control or jurisdiction over Indian lands? No act of the general government has ever been deemed essential to give the state jurisdiction over the Indians’ persons.
Indian Native Americans and White Americans
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Indian Native Americans and White Americans
Native Americans who are Indians have suffered injustice for a long period of time. As DeLaria states in “cluster died for your sins”, as Africans struggle with the issue of exclusion by the whites, the Indians struggle with the issue of forced inclusion (Deloria, 11). This is exactly what the whites have always done even from the beginning of the United States of America. The whites after finding the native Indians in the American land tried to assimilate them and make them like the whites. They succeeded to a less extent and when it was very difficult for natives to co-exist with the whites president Jackson signed a rule to move Indians to the periphery land whereby, they do not interfere with the normal running of government activities in the name of being protected from harm which the whites could have caused them. This simply explains how it has always been very difficult for the two to exists together and bring out a good fruit of friendship. This paper discusses the concepts about native Americans presented in going native by Huhndorf in comparison with what Deloria discusses in his book Custer died for your sins which is an Indian manifesto.
In going native, Huhndorf presents the story of a movie by dances with wolves which presents Dunbar going to the Indians and trying to experience their life. Dunbar is a soldier and he has had many missions and he feels tired about all the happenings and especially the civil war and the lack of peace which exists among the white Americans. Because of this and the results of civil war he decides to go native and see how life in the periphery where the war did not arrive at was like (Huhndorf, 20). Therefore, he packs and travels among the Indians and for a short period of time after his arrival he lives alone as he can see no one around. He begins to think that he had gone to the wrong place and because of this he just stays there thinking of how he might be among the blood thirsty Indians presented in holy hood movies. He however discovers that there are people around and he begins to interact with them. He learns of their lifestyle and for once in his life he feels at total peace and is happy that he made such kind of a decision instead of continuing with the war which was draining him so much. He later comes to discover that those specific Indians were called Sioux and they were very peaceful.
He explains that tribe of Indians as magnificent and noble peaceful people. He writes in his journal that he had never seen a people “so devoted to family, so dedicated to each other and the only word that came to my mind was harmony”. The people are so peaceful that Dunbar leaves his post and joins the community. He is actively involved in the community’s activities which are donning Sioux clothes and feathers, fighting the savage Pawnees, and hunting buffaloes (Huhndorf, 10). At one time Dunbar sees the decaying carcasses of buffaloes and thinks to himself who could have done such a thing. He later comes to realize that it was the white hunters who never cared about the animals since the Indian community could not actually do such a thing since they were so peaceful. From this experience Dunbar chooses to abandon the white American culture completely and live among the Indians where he found peace and happiness.
Going native therefore has become a common practice among people and this is because most whites want to experience the Indian experience and compare it to the white American culture. However even though Dunbar explains how goo it is to have been among the Indians there is something else which comes up. As he interacts with them there is a realization that he is the only person who is considered with much higher dignity than the rest and this puts him out as an outsider. For example, when he kills buffaloes, he is requested to go and kill more or do more work than the rest of the community was doing. He is also requested to narrate stories of his adventures when he was a soldier and through this the focus completely changes from the culture and the importance of Indian people to Dunbar who is a white and this returns the narrative to the superiority of the whites which is not healthy at all.
Therefore even though Dunbar begins his journey with peace and thinks he is living his dream life of peace, Huhndorf sees it differently and it is indeed true that the focus stops being the Indians and comes back to the white people represented by Dunbar.
On the other hand, Deloria discusses how there has always been injustice to the Indians. In one of the essays, he states that some white Americans claim that they are from an Indian ancestry while in real sense maybe they are from an Indian queen. He uses humor to mock the white Americans who try to show sympathy for Indians while in real sense they are not sympathetic but just want to use the Indians for the sake of show off and the fake sympathy. Deloria focuses on how white Americans have tried their best to end the native (Indian) culture for so long. He he specifically focuses on the termination policy of 1940s and 1950s. the termination policy tried to end all the support the Indians were getting from the federal government and end the assimilation process which began when the nation was founded. He states clearly how the federal government had been in the process of assimilating Indians into their culture all the way from the time the nation was founded.
Therefore, this shows a great similarity between the discussions of Doleria and those of Huhndorf. This is because they both discuss the same concepts of mistreatment of the Indian people for a long period of time. However, Deloria is a historian and uses historical evidence while Huhndorf uses secondary information for his discussions.
One of the most intriguing stories by Doleria is the story about missionaries and anthropologists. He states that they all come towards the Indians and when the Indians are suffering, they move away from them (Deloria, 45). It is like they always want something from the Indians and when the Indians want something from them, they move away from like they should suffer the fate of whatever they find themselves in alone. He gives a very clear example of the termination policy hearings and states that there is not even a single church minister or anthropologist who gave their voice supporting the Indians and at this critical time it was evident that Indians were on their own. On the other hand, Huhndorf discusses of how in the movies Dunbar takes over the narrative of the Indian people by becoming the center stage of the movie and this is a kind of injustice expressed through the movie since the issues of the Indians are not important and they should not be given importance by the movie crew or even the audience.
In conclusion, the two books present a very compelling case of how white Americans treat Indians in a bad way and how this has grown from the foundation of the nation to the present time as well as how it continues to grow affecting Indians. The only difference between the two is the method of delivery, the language and the means, however the most basic concepts presented are the same and the base line is that Indians are treated unequally and they should not be assimilated but should be left on their own to find the right way to live.
Works Cited
Deloria, Vine. Custer died for your sins: An Indian manifesto. University of Oklahoma Press, 1988.
Huhndorf, Shari M. Going native. Cornell University Press, 2015.
Fixed Assets
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CBD Freight Operations
According to the proposal by the Upper Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group, Ports of Auckland’s CBD Freight Operations is no longer economically or environmentally viable (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). It is constrained by a landslide infrastructure failure. It is in the interests of taxpayers and ratepayers that it be progressively closed, and the land it currently occupies be progressively rezoned for higher and better uses. A more in-depth assessment of the proposal alongside their reasoning behind their recommendation is valid for various reasons, as discussed below.
Over the years, the state of the CBD freight has been on the debate, but the investors or any relevant parties have done nothing. The possibility of growth and development is faced with a period of at least 30 years with a much higher financial investment and much more tough times in the future. Opting for the maintenance and development of the freight will not only be costly but also waling into a much hard and tough future since the Auckland port will be struggling to maintain the services as well as a social license (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). The financial support needed may be as much as what is needed for alternative projects or perhaps less, but the outcome is a risk that is bent on the negative.
The primary disadvantage to be possibly faced in doing away with the Auckland port is a possibility of increased imports for the remaining ones as well as an increased carbon emission since freight will be majorly moved through the road. The proposal seeks to give a solution to these concerns. The CBD port should be done away with since it is no longer economically and environmentally viable. Its location can be put to much more efficient use, and important investments can be made in place of the services it provided (‘The Treasury’ 2019).
Development of the Northport
According to the proposal, the Northport should be developed to take over much or all of Auckland’s existing and projected freight businesses (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). The Northport is proposed in place of the CBD freight operations with various strategic principles that will not only fill the void left if CBD port is closed down but also address a number of issues that were likely to emerge in presence or absence of CBD port.
Since CBD is the port that is majorly relied on for moving freight, it is expected that the cost will be efficient despite its absence if and when the Northport id developed to take over. The development will, however, not make it an essential means of transport but leave room for competition among various ports and transport providers.
As part of the strategic plan in the proposal, the risk of an existing ‘friction’ between freight and passenger movements will be addressed by the proposed alternatives for freight movements such as rail and coastal shipping where possible and policy to ensure optimal land use. The intercity highways will be meant for people and the railways for freight. As part of the proposal, it is expected that the developments made include the presence of a two-way port that will ensure freight movement is not disrupted due to natural disasters. The proposal is valid due to the fact that New Zealand generally depends on imports and freight movements economically.
From the strategies set by the group, it is evident that the developments of the Northport to take over much of the CBD port will not only result in stability in the freight transportation but will also conform to the overall government objectives. Its proposal includes a focus on road safety and reduction of carbon emissions and general economic development.
Tauranga Port
As part of the recommendations, the Port of Tauranga’s existing expansion plans should proceed to accommodate the growth of the Northport (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). Tauranga’s development will not only increase the chances of competition between several ports but will also help achieve the status quo, which is a significant concern in the proposal.
It is vital for the port of Tauranga as well as infrastructure to be further developed to ensure the maintenance of the status quo as well as competition. It is evident that the development of the Northport will give room for the improvement and developments of other ports such as the Tauranga port. It can self develop as it has over the years or use investments to ensure that Northport is not the only port for freight growth; it is expected to be the major port for freight growth but not the single one.
The development of Tauranga is a recommendation that has found its way through the Northport proposal and the doing away of CBD port both as to its idea and for the general economic growth of New Zealand (Auckland Ports). It is a strategy by the Northport development proposal to ensure the presence of competition and a viable balanced status quo (‘Economic Development’ 2019). Similarly, the idea is from initial plans for Tauranga port has had over the years, which is a positive investment in weighing the possible outcomes.
Auckland’s Cruise Ship Terminal
It is recommended that Auckland’s cruise ship terminal should be modernized, and the Waitemata become a commuter tourism and recreation harbour (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). A modernized cruise ship terminal at Northport will ensure a secondary flow in adequate service provision at the ports. It will result in a general expansion in service provision into sectors such as health, education, among other industries.
Having a modernized terminal will avail a platform for a connection of the North Port with other possible ports thus economic expansion. The modernized terminal is a suggestion after the group gave a detailed look and analysis of the land and came up with a plan that will ensure success and efficiency (Economic Analysis of Upper North Island Supply Chain Scenarios’ 2019). The shaping of Auckland and has thus be used as a major strategy in the planning to ensure economic value is gained. The planning and the strategies employed in the proposal will avail a chain for the freight transportation, which was not entirely planned since the existence of CBD (‘NZ Regional Development and Transport’2019). Having a chain according to the strategic plan as presented in the proposal will guarantee economic development after implementation.
The Two-Port Configuration
The new two-port configuration should be supported by a rejuvenated North Auckland rail line and spur to Northport (‘Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group’ 2019). A new inland freight hub in north-west Auckland to complement and be connected to Metroport in the South according to the recommendations. Having the Northport well connected to these ports will not only make it a significant freight transport in Auckland but also allow for the effectiveness of the port since it will be easy to access from the major ports (‘Transport’ 2020). The two-port design is well advantaged, and its use at the North port with a complement from the locations as mentioned above will ensure efficiency.
It is expected that the ultimate design of the Northport will allow for a rail-to-ship and ship-to-rail delivery of containers thanks to the two-port idea. The idea will reduce the freight costs since the well known double-handling will have been done away with. Having the design will not only result in economic development but also give a solution to the known cases of difficulties caused by natural disasters (‘Economic Development’ 2019). Above the main advantages, further complementing the design will be a connection to new inland freight hub in north-west Auckland and Metroport in the South will result in an availed chain, thus the efficiency of the port. A chain being part of the development is a premonition of a better economic state of Auckland and New Zealand at large, not to mention the possibility of a lined job opportunities that will be presented although and after actualization of the project.
The proposal is thus strategically aimed at developing the ports and economic growth of Auckland in general (‘Provincial Growth Fund’ 2020). It is not only aimed at developing a port or perhaps replacing CBD with Northport. It is a proposal that is strategic and efficient if and when put in place. Generally, it is aimed at closing CBD port but developing Northport and in the process availing a chain through which freight transportation can be made more accessible and more cost-effective thus a viable status quo balance. It is a proposal that looks at the bigger picture and has considered al the possible risks and clearly shows that the risks can be curbed. The proposal has a strategic plan and has undergone the required official steps. It has proved to meet government, stakeholders, and investors needs and expectations of any particular proposal or project.
References
EY. (2019). Economic Analysis of Upper North Island Supply Chain Scenarios.
Redacted Cabinet Paper. (2019). Economic Development.
Redacted Cabinet Paper (2019). NZ Regional Development and Transport.
Redacted Cabinet Paper (2019). The Treasury.
Redacted Minute of Decision (2020). Transport.
Redacted Paper. (2020). Provincial Growth Fund.
Working Group. (2019)Final Report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy Working Group.