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My dilemma
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My dilemma: A library patron has a list of books from his minister that he wants to have removed from the library because they are inappropriate and dangerous for children.
Removal of books which are inappropriate and dangerous for children from the library.
It is the responsibility of adults to ensure that children are not exposed to materials that may jeopardize their morals and expose them to engage in unwarranted behavior. However, it is important to note that every person is entitled to access reading materials unless they are pervasively inappropriate. Although book stores and libraries have the power to ban books from their shelves, this can be done if there is a complaint from an individual or a parent challenging their removal. Librarians may oblige to their removal or decline the invitation if they feel that the book is not pervasively inappropriate (Pray and Lee, 417).
Library Bill of Rights.
According to the American Library Association, libraries should be a source of information and ideas and it should be guided by policies outlined in the Library Bill of Rights. Libraries are required to provide all materials present information that is of interest to readers and library users. Libraries are also entitled to challenge censorship that may affect how they discharge their responsibility of providing information to the library users. One of the most important policy outlined in the Library Bill of Rights is the person’s right to use libraries. No one should be denied the opportunity to use the materials in the library because of the background, origin, age or views (Berninghausen and David, 1970). Another important interpretation presented in the Library Bill of Rights is the issue of challenging resource. The interpretation stipulates that every library should provide a clearly defined policy that guides the selection of the materials stocked on its shelves (American Library Association, 2016).
Access to library resources and services for minors.
According to article V of the Library Bill of Rights, every person is entitled to access information or materials in the library and they should not be discriminated on the account of their background, origin, age or views. Therefore, minors have the right to access materials in the library. Libraries are charged with the responsibility of ensuring that members of the community they serve have access of reading materials and information in different stages of their development and therefore, it is inappropriate to deny people this right on the account of age. Further, removing materials from the shelves of the library with the pretext of protecting children amounts to denying other people the right the access this materials (Chapin and Betty, 21).
One of the ALA code of ethics mentions that “we uphold the principles of intellectual freedom and resist all efforts to censor library resources.”
Members of ALA are committed to ensure that no one is denied the chance to access reading materials irrespective of their age and their social background. The body is committed to ensure that all libraries conform to the Library Bill of Rights (American Library Association, 2016).
Solution to the challenge of managing the materials that can be exposed to minors.
The Library Bill of Rights requires that libraries allow readers to access reading materials and other information that interests them without any discrimination. The librarian cannot make a decision of withdrawing reading materials from the shelves with the pretext that they are protect the children from dangerous and inappropriate materials. The best solution to achieve protect children is to initiate a process of challenging the materials or banning them all together. This will bring on board all the stakeholders who are interested with the matter to find and common ground for the best interest of the children. If the stakeholders agree that the materials are not appropriate for the consumption of children, they will have the liberty to remove them from the shelves (Wiegand and Shirley, 1996).
Annotated Bibliography.
American Library Association. “Library bill of rights.” (2016).
The American Library Association is a body that deals with all the issues related with libraries in the United States. The Body has regulations that guide how libraries should contact themselves and they should treat the people seeking the information from the libraries. The association also interprets the rights that have been stipulated in article V. The Association has also ensured that the rights of all the people have been taken care. This includes people living with disabilities and children. The American Library Association in a body with constitutional powers and therefore, they have the authority to interpret the Library Bills of Right.
American Library Association. “ALA code of ethics.” (2016).
One of the code of ethics stipulated in the ALA code of ethics intimate that the body upholds the right of every citizen in the country to access information and reading materials in the library. No citizen who is interested in getting information should be denied a chance to access information on the account of the age or origin. Equally, every person who is interested in accessing any material available in the library should have a chance to access the information. Anyone who is not interested in any material available in the library have the autonomy to challenge them without any restriction. This can be solved through a due process and if the materials are found to pervasively inappropriate, they can be removed from the library. American Library Association is a body that deals with matters that relate to the libraries in the country and have the ethics that guide how the members conducted themselves.
Berninghausen, David K. “The librarian’s commitment to the library bill of rights.” (1970).
Librarians must be committed to ensure that the rights of readers and other people who are interested in using the library materials have access without any huddle. People should not be discriminated on the account of age or their backgrounds. The law provides that the rights of people person should be respected including young children and people living with disabilities. In many states, librarians have shown their commitment to ensure that all the rights that have been prescribed in the Library Bill of Rights are observed.
Chapin, Betty. “Access to electronic information, services, and networks: An interpretation of the library Bill of Rights.” Teacher Librarian 26.5 (1999): 21.
According to article V of the Library Bill of Rights, all people are allowed to access information and other materials of their interest in the library without discrimination. The law stipulates that people should not be discriminated on the account of age, origin, and their background. Chapin and Betty in their document preview interpret what this section of the law means and what are the rights of the people who are allowed to access information and other reading materials in the library. On the account of age, Chapin and Betty mention that children should not be discriminated and that they should have equal rights just like adults to access materials and other information in the library. The law presupposes that if materials will be removed from a library with the pretext of protecting children from inappropriate materials, then other people who may be interested in those materials will be denied their right of accessing information and this is against the law. Chapin and Betty are people who work in a learning environment and the have the authority of interpreting what the law stipulates on the account of the right to access materials and information in a library.
Pray, Lee. “What Are the Limits to a School Board’s Authority to Remove Books from School Library Shelves.” Wis. L. Rev. (1982): 417.
The article “What Are the Limits to a School Board’s Authority to Remove Books from School Library Shelves” is a product of Hein-Online which is a resource center that contains scholarly and journals the touch on legal matters that have been determine in court regarding various issues. In this article, Pray talks about the limitation that librarians can have in making decision on the books or reading materials to be removed from the shelf of a library. Pray cites the first amendment which gives all the people the right to read and get all the information of interest from libraries without discrimination.
Wiegand, Shirley A. “Reality bites: The collision of rhetoric, rights, and reality and the library bill of rights.” (1996).
Wiegand and Shirley confronts the reality that most librararians grapple with from time to time. In most cases, there could be materials that are deemed inappropriate for the consumption of young children and librarians may be tempted to remove them from the shelves but the law stipulates that every person who was to access reading materials have the right to access them irrespective of the age. Therefore, it is an issue that librarians have little control but they can use another means to ensure that children do not get exposed to obscene materials. This can be achieved by involving all the stakeholders and challenging the materials or initiating ban which must be supported by all the stakeholders to succeed.
MY DIETARY ANALYSIS REPORT
MY DIET ANALYSIS PROJEC T
STUDENT NAME :
CLASS :
SUBMISSSION DATE :
INTRODUCTION
Nutrition is a broad term that entails taking food and into the body, followed by the absorption of the nutrients from these foods. Several dietary products are useful for the maintenance of proper functionality of body tissues and organs (Sizer 23). The major nutrients groups for any foods essential to the body of human being are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, fibres, minerals and water. Furthermore, these nutrients are important in provision of energy for ensure growth, productivity and maintenance of healthy body thus creating a strong immunity against diseases.
However, rapid changes have craved in the dietary sector precisely attributed by the acceleration in industrialization, urbanizations and market globalization (Hauschka 126). These factors have severely contributed to changes in the lifestyle of many people, with a significant number adapting to sedentary manner of lifestyle. Consequently, these changes have rendered to emergence of intolerable health issues that call for quick action in the entire population so as to remain within the scope of the growth and development. For instance, in America the situation is worse and the campaign for the need of feeding health-wisely has been intensive ranging from both government and non-governmental organization. It is widely known that the with improvement of the living standards most of inhabitants, diverse food availability and the accessibility of many services; this has generated detrimental health issues as a result of decreased health activities, inappropriate dietary patterns and increased intake of tobacco and other food substitute drugs.
Human body requires a significant amount of energy in order to remain versatile in the aspects of life. This suggests the need of replenishing the entire the budgetary on our feeding styles. Carbohydrates are bears the stem of the source of energy in the body, and it availability is diverse in legumes, milk, cereals, fruits, nuts and in some vegetables (Wedman 44). According to research by World Health Organization (WHO), individuals should consume about 40-60% of total calories from carbohydrates. This nutrient is known to control the metabolism of proteins and facilitate proper digestion with the efficient removal of the wastes. Endurance performance such as chronic fatigue and poor performance by the athletes is also increased (Best 142).
Harvard School of Public health recommended about 133 grams of carbohydrates per day. Nevertheless, people have turned to be real cannibals in the consumption of carbohydrates and this has turned to be a major health issue. Obesity has been common as a result of consumption of carbohydrate rich food along other causes. Study by National Academy of Sciences indicates that over-consumption of the carbohydrates alleviates the level of glucose and insulin acts as antithesis in its bid to lower these levels; subjecting the consumers to greater urge of feeding more (Hauschika 98).
If an individual turns carbohydrate to be his daily bread becomes a major course in remaining energetic but the problem arises when taken inappropriately and in great amounts. Excess glucose is normally converted into fatty acids by the liver and stored in the body tissues as fat. This creates big possibility of becoming obese and therefore the behavior ought to be rescinded. Glycogen stored muscles is useful in ensuring that the players are strong for the entire scope of training (Clark 230). Depending on type activity the carbohydrates intakes ranges from 2.5-6.0 grams per pound of body. Fatty foods should be avoided since Dr Alves, of Meridian Health Centre points out that they limit the digestion.
Protein has been a popular nutrient out of its role in building and maintaining body muscles. They are made up of numerous numbers of amino acids. It has sources ranging from eggs, ground beef, chicken, fish, milk, peanut butter, yoghurt and cheese. It is truthful claiming that their availability is proportional to the critical roles they play in the body. They are known to have huge role in maintaining the composition of cell, rebuilding of damaged tissues and organs among other essential roles. Below are some few examples of proteins and their functions:
Phenylalanine hydroxylase- this is an enzyme that leads to formation of new
Molecules stored in the DNA.
Ferritin- is a protein component that binds and carries atoms throughout the body.
Immunoglobulin G- forms part of antibody that facilitates protection to the body.
The government of Canada recommends 0.8 grams of protein on daily basis to its citizens in order to be appropriate substitute of the high intake of carbohydrate products.
Fats are the third macronutrients necessary in person’s diet. They act as the supplement in the human body during the starvation period and thus sustaining life. At rest, our bodies still requires energy and at this time our bodies are sourced with this energy from the burning of fat in our bodies. The fat utilized for this purpose is usually the one in unsaturated state. These unsaturated fats include vegetable oil and soya whereas the saturated fats include butter and lard (Webb 220).
However, uncontrollable consumption of fatty meals has subjected people live in total grief out of cardiovascular diseases. The recommended intake of fat is ranges from 26-28% of the calories intake in the body. It should be understood that the fatty acids produces 9 calories per gram more than twice the number produced by carbohydrates or proteins. The major fatty acids highly appreciated for their roles in human body are linoleic and linolenic acid: Useful in controlling inflammation of body tissues, blood clotting and in development of brain.
The role of minerals in the health growth of human body can’t be overlooked. Important mineral nutrients such as the calcium, potassium, iron, copper and zinc are useful in maintaining health bone, marrows and teeth (Wedman 5). They also nourish the cells and trigger the release of enzymes to the locations required.
Water bears eminence purpose in the body since it helps in regulation of temperatures and thus a reliable coolant. Different activities in the body works best in controlled temperatures and this purpose is achieved by the help of this component. Water also offers a reliable mean of flow of nutrient as well as ensuring their transportation to different parts of body.
PROCEDURE
I applied MyDietAnalysis 3.5, a computer program that is highly reliable in analyzing the individuals’ daily nutrient intake. I filled systematically in different fields as indicated on My-Profile tab in the computer program. I entered various forms of dietary that I ate on daily basis for a period of seven days. This work was made efficient by applying a command from the program that highlighted all possible forms of foods.
The computer program listed all the food types that I ate versus the corresponding percentage of their nutrients. After making full evaluation of my daily intake of the nutrient, I had to go for a change and recorded new nutrient intake for another of seven days. I used the results from these two studies in constructing ideas about making my diet healthier.
Output
MyFoodList Report
Personal: Male 8/12/1990 5ft 9in 130 Ib
Day (s): Day1, Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, Day 5, Day 6, Day 7.
Activity level: active in entire session.
Weight change: record
BMI: obese-36. Normal ranges from 18-25.
Day 1
100.0g stir fried, potatoes, bagel-130
6.5 fl of coffee, Coca-Cola, tap water-56
2.0 cup short grains, rice, breast, burst-32
85.0g plain nuts, vegetables, Chinese rice, carrots, avocadoes-200
18.0 g sandwich, bananas, French fries dish, soda cola, fast food, fresh orange-58
Total: 476
Day 2
110.0 g chicken, beans, carrots, hamburgers, black forest, bananas (USTD-Y)-230
10.5 g soda, coca cola, brew wines, breast, med, salad, apples-100
7.0 fl of salad, juices, mashed mangoes, tap water, marina-21
118.0 g pizza, salad, yoghurt, juices, chicken-320
Total: 671
Day 3
19.0 g sausage, cheese, 2 pieces of chick, bread, whole wheat, milk-98
120.0 g cassava, mallo, maize, breast-245
4.0 cup milk, apple, cola, brewed water-78
230.0 g fish, tropical, seeds, snickers, candy-580
Total: 1,001
Day 4
8.0 cup millo, apple, chocolate, cod, lowfat, calorie-45
18.0 fl of juice, corn, polish, pasta, chedder-76
35.0 g pork, beef, soya, menthol, spruce-135
132.0 g eggs, pizza, sausage, pasta, kernel, coffee-450
Total: 706
Day 5
29.0 g bread, chedder, cola, bagel, pasta, edible, casdia-230
4.0 cup coffee, menthol, barrel, hamgerger, firrel, asoinins-130
34.0 g honey, blend, splash, carrots, corn-121
3.0 cup milk, indigo, ofrion, osioen-47
1.0 coffee, tap water, salad, millo-24
Total: 552
Day 6
100.0 g maize juice, mango juice, sauce, sugar, tomatoes-245
20.5 g orchestra, olive, sunflower, pumpkins, nuts-88
24.0 g maycorn, seed, chocolate, onion, brew-201
2.0 fl mallo, snicker, pasta, chedder, drionions-45
8.0 fl bagel, peponi, carrot juice, wine-68
Total: 293
Day 7
1.0 soda, cola, candy bar, juice-45
2.0indigo, pasta, orange, cola-68
3.0g apple, salad, mallo, coffee, butter-88
4.0cup yoghurt, peach, juice cola, saturated calorie-92
Total: 293
Grand Total: 3,992
Item average: 112
Day average: 570
Sources of calories
Protein 12%
Carbohydrates 58%
Fat 30%
Alcohol 2%
Sources of fat
Diso fat 20%
Mono fat 32%
Poly fat 18%
Unsaturated fat 8 %
Questions
What diet would improve your nutrition?
The report generated indicated that I have much to do in order to remain on the safer side in connection to health. Most noticeable is the degree of lowering intakes of carbohydrates and supplement with vegetables and proteins. The report suggests that I do not take the appropriate types of food and this has triggered the imbalance attained. Besides, it is evident that I tend to overfeed and still I manage a poor eating schedule.
In addition to this, there is clear likelihood of being deficient of vitamins and fibres. This is proven from the poor intake of vegetables (at less than 30%) yet they are highly advocated to constitute vitamins and minerals. The report also suggests of the need of monitoring the intakes of fatty food as I can admit that I used to consume salads and cheese in most cases. 32% of my daily intakes consisted of mono fats and less than 10 % represented the vitamins intake.
What recommendations I had in terms of physical activities?
I analyze my lifestyle and am convinced that I have adopted sedentary lifestyle; thus I have to apply tactical skill to enable me reduce the weight and maintain fitness. I need to be engaged in rigorous exercises such as running up the hills, playing football and develop a habit on taking a walk in order to reach for a service instead of using a vehicle. The report shows that I have a poor intake of nutritious food and thus I have to resent on the bad habits. Still, I consider to be cycling during my leisure hours in order to maintain my bones and muscles strong.
Summary
It is evident that I have a poor diet budgetary despite the attempts to feed on different types of foods. Occasionally, I limits myself in feeding vegetables and fruits; opting for quick food. Even though I didn’t record high amounts of food daily, there is that aspect of overfeeding particularly in fat rich foods. Nevertheless, the supplement of watery food element remains to be critical for proper functioning of digestion process thus inhibiting serious health problems.
Conclusions
In conclusion, I understand of the need of checking at the food labels so as to keep off from fat loaded food. From the literature, these foods are supported by terms such as “hydrogenated” or “partially hydrogenated” hence not the best to consume. I need to choose protein rich foods such as soy and skinless chicken and at the same time avoid plenty of animals’ products such as eggs, cheese, fatty meats and milk.
It is also important to have a healthcare adviser who would be checking my cholesterol levels and offer consecutive guides. After all, for a healthy living we need to consume nutrients rich foods.
References
Sizer, Frances S, Leonard A. Piché, and Eleanor N. Whitney. Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2012. Print.
Wedman, Betty, and art Kirchhoff. Nutrition: Steps to Healthy Living. St. Louis, MO: Milliken Pub. Co, 2006. Print.
Clark, Nancy. Nancy Clark’s Sports Nutrition Guidebook. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2008. Print.
Hauschka, Rudolf. Nutrition: A Holistic Approach. East Sussex: Sophia Books, 2002. Print.
Webb, Frances S, and Eleanor N. Whitney. Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies. Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2012. Print.
Best, Carolyn. Nutrition: A Handbook for Nurses. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. Internet resource.
Childhood Obesity in America
Childhood Obesity in America
Name
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Child obesity in America
Child hood obesity is currently prevalent in America making it a serious public health challenge in the 21st century. Over 43 million children in America are overweight.
Thesis
While there are many factors that cause child hood obesity, there are a lot of information about childhood obesity, this makes one wonder whether the information are facts or just misinformation
Obesity in children is part of their lifecycles
While most parent tend to think of their children as healthy as fit as fiddles, they argue that the fatness is just part of baby fat that their children will lose as they grow up. Some of the parent argues that their children do not take fatty food so their size is natural. According to …this is misconception because childhood obesity is not necessarily caused by food types that the children consume but there are other contributing factors such as unhealthful diet, lack of sleep, lack of activity as well as medication. In addition, the fact is that many children do not lose weight even as they go into teenage and may progress into childhood. Therefore, parent of obese children should not see it as baby fat because that is amiss conception and should seek proper intervention.
Obesity is genetic
On the other hand, many parents tend to think of obesity as a genetic condition that runs in the family and cannot be remediated. Parent argues that their parent was big, and there are big, so their children must be big because the plus size runs in the family. Body types are likely to be inherited, but obesity is not inherited. Most parent prepare the type of food that their parent fed them so it is also healthy to say that the cooking genes are theme. Additionally it is also advisable to argue that the salivary gland should be tamed, nevertheless, it is also important to have a healthy diet and regular exercise regime, this I only achievable by allowing children time to play as through play, the children improve their creativity, social skill as well as keep healthy.
Dominant obesity genes
Most parent fail to take action on the obese status of their children saying their children are obese and have the obesity genes, which they cannot correct. Additionally, the parent argues that their obese children will remain obese for the rest of their life. This is a very big misconception as these children once obese can shed some fats and will not necessarily remain obese their whole life. Some parent also RGUE that their children and responsible for their health, blaming a child for their obese status is wrong as it sets a mindset of shame and everlasting guilt. T this might lead to life time obesity in these children. Most children are obese because they learn bad habits from their parent while some parent fail to encourage their children to take up active life early in life.
While it is true that most children have a body mass index that is slightly higher than 95th percentile in comparison to children in the same age and of the same gender. It is important to note that most of the obesity “genetic obesity” is preventable through the right diet and exercise regime. Children with obesity are capable of shading more than 35% of their extra weight. This is mainly through exercise.
“Dieting” is the only Answer
Most parent in America try to put their children through rigorous dietary regime that involves the consumption of fad diets only. Though this may seem the best answer to consumption of snack and fast foods, it is not advisable to take fad diets that are commercialized in America.
The downside of this is never known to the parent of obese children because these fad diet lead to a quick loss of weight. These fad diets put a lot of stress on the Childs kidney and various internal organs. On the other hand, these diets never provide the appropriate nutrition that befits a growing child. Proper diet is a requirement for growing child as it helps in the development of skin, bones, teeth, hair and all other body parts. Most complication in life begins with poor diet and may be the cause of serious medical condition such as gallstones in the future life of children. Additionally, long term weight loss plan for children is important than short term plan.
Conclusion
Though weight loss is much safer and probably the most effective intervention, there are a lot of it than just exercise. Sustainable weight loss is important to the child than just one time weight loss, on the other hand, children should be taught about disciplined diet. Therefore, they stick to healthy diet and not diet, shunning fast foods as well practicing a lot. The current population is a sedentary population, this means that most of the pass time activities that children engage in are done either seated such as watching TV and playing video games, this can be blamed for the prevalence of obesity. Parent need to limit screen time and give their children with alternatives.