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Instructions. 

Select one energy technology and complete the following.

Part 1: Explain the technology: how does it work, what does it do?

Part 2: What is the problem that the technology addresses?

Part 3. What is the current stated of business and/or consumer adoption of the technology?

Part 4. What are some of the challenges and barriers to adoption of the technology, and how might those challenge be addressed?

Part 5. What are the social benefit and risks associated with the technology?

Human, Social, and Cultural Barriers Affecting Project

Assume that your senior design project (or choose a project related to your senior design project) is going to be manufactured in another country. Using the studies provided in Engr 195a/b as a background, write about one of the topics below, and compare it for two countries outside of the United States with very different cultures. Back up your claims with research, and cite at least two sources. Minimum word count: 800
1. How would you recommend changing your design, if your project were to be implemented in these countries? For example, if you implemented your design in China, would the different social and cultural norms necessitate changes to the final design?
2. What human, social, and cultural barriers may result in difficulties implementing your project?
3. How would these different cultures change the manufacturing process and cost? Discuss multiple effects. For example, different countries have different costs of living, union involvement, safety regulations, management styles, etc. Discuss the cultural effects that result in these differences.
Barriers to International Implementation of the Hybrid System
Never before has globalization been such a prominent force in the economies of the world. Rapidly advancing technologies have made it faster, easier, and cheaper to transport goods and services across the nations. Accessibility to this thriving global market invites an abundance of manufacturing opportunities, which many countries are taking advantage of. Parallel to this newfound surge of production is an increased rate of world energy consumption — a matter of contention as the crisis of climate destabilization is evident. Our contribution towards a solution is the development of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system that aims to improve the efficiency of modern wind turbines. It has never been more critical to shift away from the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, though little progress has beenmade.
Renewable energy solutions do not only prevent further climate damage, but offer more sustainable infrastructures and improved living conditions. China and Mexico, two prominent
2
participants in the global economy, would benefit from the implementation of the hybrid system, though they face several human, social, and cultural barriers.
China has faced rapid industrialization because of globalization, which has dramatically reduced poverty, boosted their economy, and established a sturdy middle class. This is the result of the dominant manufacturing presence that the country has established. A tremendous amount of energy is required to fuel this accelerated economy and it comes primarily from coal. Being the world’s largest coal producer, China has heavily invested in this avenue of energy production, as “[i]n 2015, China’s coal power plant capacity increased by 55 percent in the first six months, 155 new coal-fired plants were approved” (Albert & Xu, 2016). It can be seen that

Tensil Test Experiment (Lab Report)

Introduction and Theory:
Mechanical properties required in both the design and in the manufacturing.
• In design, mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and yield strength are important
in order to resist permanent deformation under applied stresses. Thus, the focus is on the
elastic properties.
• In manufacturing, the goal is to apply stresses that exceed the yield strength of the
material so as to deform it to the required shape. Thus, the focus is on the plastic
properties
Tensile testing:
• An axial force applied to a specimen of original length (Lo) elongates it, resulting in a
reduction in the cross-sectional area from Ao to A until fracture occurs.
• The load and change in length between two fixed points (gauge length) is recorded and
used to determine the stress-strain relationship.
• A similar procedure can be adopted with a sheet specimen.

Universal tensile mashine:
Also known as a universal tester, materials testing machine or materials test frame, is used
to test the tensile strength and compressive strength of materials. It is named after the fact that it
can perform many standard tensile and compression tests on materials, components, and
structures.

Tensile testing procedure:
• In order to conduct a tensile test, the proper specimen must be obtained. This specimen
should conform to ASTM standards for size and features. Prior to the test, the crosssectional
area may be calculated and a pre-determined gage length marked.
• The specimen is then loaded into a machine set up for tensile loads and placed in the
proper grippers. Once loaded, the machine can then be used to apply a steady, continuous
tensile load.
• Data is collected at pre-determined points or increments during the test. Depending on the
material and specimen being tested, data points may be more or less frequent. Data
include the applied load and change in gage length. The load is generally read from the
machine panel in pounds or kilograms.
• The change in gage length is determined using an extensometer. An extensometer is
firmly fixed to the machine or specimen and relates the amount of deformation or
deflection over the gage length during a test.
• While paying close attention to the readings, data points are collected (force and the
change in length) until the material starts to yield significantly. This can be seen when
deformation continues without having to increase the applied load. Once this begins, the
extensometer is removed and loading continued until failure. Ultimate tensile strength
and rupture strength can be calculated from this latter loading.
• Once data have been collected, the tensile stress developed and the resultant strain can be
calculated. Stress is calculated based on the applied load and cross-sectional area. Strain
is the change in length divided by the original length.
• Upon completion of the test, the sample is reassembled and final measurements for total
elongation and minimum diameter are made using a vernier caliper.

Discussion:
1- Plot stress strain curve of material A and material B. Specify which material has yield point
phenomenon and which one is without yield point and use 0.2% offset line to find the yield point
2- Find the following:
2.1-Yield strength of material A:
2.2- Yield strength of material B:
2.3- Elastic Modulus of material A and B:
2.4- Ultimate tensile strength of material A and B:
3- Calculate the maximum load and elongation if the original diameter and length are 9.11 mm
and 50.8 mm respectively:
4- Discuss the possible errors in this test. Explain what can be done to reduce and control the
error.