Human Urinary System Questions and Answers GCSE Biology

Human Urinary System Questions and Answers GCSE Biology

Question 1 (2.1) Name and describe the parts of the gross anatomy of the urinary system marked 1-9.

Word count guideline: 300 words

Question 2 (2.2, 2.3)

a) Download (or draw) a labelled image of the internal structure of a kidney.  This diagram should be clear and all the internal components should be fully labelled. 

b)  Using the diagram you have drawn, describe the anatomy (structure) of the kidney and identify the physiology (function) of each of the component parts you have labelled on your diagram.

c)  Explain how the tubular system of a kidney functions.  Your explanation should include details of the nephron from the glomerulus to the collecting duct.

Word count guideline: 400 words

Question 3 (1.1, 1,2)

a) Describe the process of homeostasis relating it to the process of negative feedback control of water and salt balance (sodium and potassium). Ensure that you include the components of homeostatic control and negative feedback in your answer. You will need to include the role of specific hormones involved.

b) Describe the role of the kidney in acid-base (pH) balance.

Word count guideline: 350 words

Question 4 (1.3)

Describe the effects of hyponatraemia, hypernatraemia, hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia both at a cellular level and on various body systems.

Word count guideline: 250 words

Question 5 (3.1)

a) Interpret the results of urine tests by applying reasoned anatomical and physiological knowledge. Complete the table below. An example has been given for you:

Presenting factors

Normal urine indicators

If present what would this be an indicator of?

Citation (Name, Year) List fully at the end.

Colour

E.g. The colour of a urine sample could indicate a particular condition or presence of a dietary substance. If the sample was dark amber it might indicate …If the sample was clear, it might indicate…. If the sample was red it might indicate…

Odour

Protein

pH

Glucose

Specific Gravity

Ketones

Leukocytes

Word count guideline: 300 words