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Causes of Poverty in Developing World Today
Causes of Poverty in Developing World Today
Student’s Name
Institution
Causes of Poverty in Developing World TodayWhat are the devastating causes of poverty in the developing world today? It is an inquisitive question with a wide range of answers starting from corruption, illiteracy, political instability, limited social amenities, low technology level and rural-urban migration among many other social and economic factors. Poverty is a degrading issue in the third world countries that threaten the well-being of the civilians in these nations. With poverty the general economic level of the country low when it comes to the gross domestic income and per capita income. There are various strategies put in place to eradicate these poverty causing factors in different parts the world. Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, and the Caribbean are put in consideration in the discussion regarding causes of poverty in the developing world today.
To start with Sub-Saharan Africa, Congo nation will be put in consideration in evaluating the various causes of poverty in the region. In Congo, corruption is the primary cause poverty that makes people face lots challenges in establishing the everyday life requirements. Despite the fact that the nation has vast of natural resources, Congo poverty has been the topic of the penetrating throughout the entire parts of the country. The mining industry has been one central sector in the country that has been entirely ruled by corruption (Gaynor, 2015). The local people own the land where these valuable minerals and industrial raw materials are mined, but all the benefits go to the few wealthy merchants in the Congo. The people in the lower class level are used as a source of labor to the mining industries where they are subjected low wages and unconducive working environment conditions. Apart from corruption, lack of investments, diseases, and other natural calamities also plays a significant role in causing poverty in Congo.
In the Caribbean, Haiti is one of the nations that significantly face poverty. In winning its independence, it significantly took a long time for Haiti to undergo the revolution process which effectively left the national power. Foreign ownership, inadequate food, and deforestation, as well as soil erosion, are among the depriving causes of poverty in the region. Foreign investors and other unfamiliar people have significantly taken a large sector of the country’s economy. For example through the land ownership and investing in other industrial areas, while the local people who face financial constraints act as a source of labor (Raybould, et al. 2017). Inadequate food to sustain the entire population in Haiti also serves a significant cause of poverty in Haiti. Without food, people are not productive when it comes to working as well as enhancing other economic developments. Soil erosion, as well as deforestation, on the other hand, cause soil erosion where the fertile soils are carried away leading low agricultural production in Haiti.
Today, Poverty exists in all the parts of the universe when it comes to the third world countries as well as in the modern world. China is an excellent example of such developed world where poverty is a major degrading factor. Among the significant causes of poverty in the China include rural-urban migration, education gap, and access to healthcare as well as the adopted agricultural lifestyle (Piachaud, 2017). The rural-urban migration significantly leads to poverty in China where a high number of people move to the cities where they are overcrowded leading to devastating living conditions. The poor people in the nation leads to largely depends on the agriculture. They do not have adequate income to carry out advanced agricultural production thus end having low products.
As discussed above, Congo, Haiti, and China are among the developing countries in the world that are faced with the high level of poverty. It harshens the people’s living condition in the affected nations. Poverty dramatically leads to economic instability as well as influencing the social way of living among the affected societies. The governments, as well as other international bodies, have to efficiently support the affected communities whether financially or in different practical ways that will enhance agricultural and industrial development.
References
Gaynor, N. (2015). Poverty amid plenty: structural violence and local governance in western Congo. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 33(3), 391-410.
Piachaud, D. (2017). Reflections on Inequality and Poverty in China. In Social Policy Reform in China (pp. 103-110). Routledge.
Raybould, S., Ward, T., Burnett, R., Manikam, L., Tibe, M., & Munslow, B. (2017). Problems of dual vulnerability in nutrition: A qualitative study of older persons caring for under 5‐year‐olds in post‐disaster Haiti. The International journal of health planning and management.
Adoption of Square Payroll by Great Lakes Brewing Company for better Processes and Higher Sustainability
Adoption of Square Payroll by Great Lakes Brewing Company for better Processes and Higher Sustainability
Name:
Title: Accounting Manager
For: The Company and IT Steering Committee
Executive Summary
Our company should strive to determine and embrace the most suitable system that facilitates the attainment of our target goal and objectives of ensuring sustainability, more efficiency, higher-convenience, reduced costs of operation, higher accuracy, and more transparency. Unfortunately, we have been relying on a payroll system that is less-automated and does not have a mobile app. Accordingly, this report relies on TELOS and NPV analysis to determine the most suitable system. Subsequently, exhaustive analysis and evaluation of available systems with regards to feasibility by considering aspects such as required resources, and desired outcomes would reveal the most suitable one for our organization. Fortunately, Square Payroll system acts as the most appropriate one since it has higher feasibility capacities. Also, the project would facilitate the attainment of all the desired goals and objectives on matters concerning payroll processes. Even so, this document elaborates on some alternative systems that Great Lakes Brewing Company could adopt to realize all or the majority of its target goals and objectives.
Business Case/Statement of Needs
Our company has benefited immensely from an antiquated payroll system that has been in operation for over ten years. However, it is high time that our organization determines and adopts a better payroll software to realize more efficiencies, higher accuracy, reduced operation costs, and higher transparency and sustainability.
As an organization that significantly values its employees, we should adopt a payroll system that satisfies the demands and needs of all workers. Unfortunately, our workers find it difficult and almost impossible to access and learn how our payments to them are processed. Accordingly, we should choose a payroll system with ease of access and use by every employee. Thus, we should determine a suitable payroll system with a Mobile App to encourage remote and convenient access. Moreover, a suitable payroll system would allow employees to access, analyze, and evaluate their remunerations and relevant deductions with relative ease and comfort.
Moreover, our company should adopt a more transparent and reliable payroll system that offers all the essential details and reports to every worker and our accountants. Since our firm embraces and encourages employees to own stock, it is crucial to ensure that a highly-reliable and easy-to-study payroll system is adopted to promote workers’ satisfaction. That is, each employee would probably be more most concerned with details such as applicable State and Federal taxes, the number of paid hours per employee, and the date of depositing money in banks.
Additionally, our company should adopt an appropriate payroll system that promotes continued prosperity and sustainability. As an entity whose primary focus is on sustainable development, it is crucial that we rely on a payroll system that facilitates the attainment of our goal by minimizing operation costs, encouraging more efficiency, and exhibiting reasonable adaptability to the ever-changing work environment (Gatrell, Reid & Steiger, 2018). Accordingly, a suitable payroll system should always remain efficient and up-to-date. Unfortunately, our current system is outdated and lacks vital support services.
Further, the current payroll system is less-efficient because some of its processes are not automated. For instance, the system relies on manual updating of tax percentages. Consequently, accountants consume substantial efforts and time in processing payrolls for the workers. Therefore, we should embrace a more automated system to ensure higher efficiency, accuracy, and speed (Haris, 2003). Also, we need a system that provides a direct deposit of funds to employees’ bank accounts for speedy payments. Moreover, we would drastically reduce the amount of money that we spend on printing paychecks for employees.
Goals of the Project
This project endeavors to identify and elaborate on a suitable payroll system that our firm should embrace to encourage more efficiency, higher accuracy, reduced operation costs, higher transparency and sustainability, and more automation in our organization with regards to our payroll system. Thus, this project analyzes and evaluates on available payroll systems that our firm could adopt to realize such objectives and goals.
Constraints
This research study relies on TELOS analysis to determine the most appropriate payroll system for our firm. TELOS analysis plays vital roles in elaborating on feasibility of a project (Šerman, Glavaš, Vukobratović & Kraus, 2017). The first constraint that influences this project is sustainability. As a firm whose primary aim is to ensure sustainability, a suitable payroll system would encourage the attainment of such a goal. Accordingly, we should determine and embrace a payroll system that would remain effective, efficient, and reliable over an extended period. Besides, we should adopt a system that is compatible with a wide array of devices, including mobile phones and computers.
Secondly, we should identify, purchase, and install an affordable yet efficient and effective payroll system. Since we engage in a number of events that are meant to support the local communities while conserving the environment, we should acquire a comparatively cheap payroll system to save significant amounts of money. Still, we need a system whose maintenance is less costly.
Additionally, we need a system that attracts a smooth and seamless transition from our current payroll system. Specifically, we need a better and more automated system compared to the one we are using. Moreover, an appropriate system would facilitate the accurate transfer of vital details from the current system. Also, a suitable system would aid in determining and highlighting failures and mistakes in the existing system to encourage timely corrections, thus helping our firm in avoiding unnecessary penalties and fines. For example, a suitable system would reveal pending Federal or state taxes. Still, we need a system that is compatible with available devices, including those that are used by the current system. Therefore, we need a system that improves the existing.
Also, we need a system that will not demand advanced skills and knowledge from the users. Instead, a suitable system would require some basic training while causing insignificant impacts with regards to the smooth operations of our organization. That is, we need a system that would encourage continued operations during the installation, training of employees, and subsequent use. Since our employees and accountants would continue accomplishing their tasks and responsibilities during the adoption of the new system, we have limited time for training.
Furthermore, we need a system that meets legal requirements to operate in the US where our firm is placed. Specifically, we need a system that ensures the deduction and remittance of all the necessary taxes while ensuring timely and accurate payment of employees to avoid unnecessary lawsuits.
Time Vs. Relevancy
We need a payroll system that would be in full operation in the next five months. Since our firm encourages its employees to take ownership of the organization’s stock, a suitable payroll system should be adopted and implemented within the shortest time possible to speed up the ownership process (forbes.com, 2019). Employees could need to gain a better understanding of how the firm has been operating with regards to the remittance of federal and state taxes as well as the processing of staff salaries. Such information could be necessary to facilitate informed decisions on matters about ownership of the organization.
Besides, we need a system that would remain relevant, effective, and efficient over an extended period because we are concerned with sustainability. Still, we need a system that would attract more convenience and efficiency while reducing operating costs in the short run. Thus, we need a more automated system to get rid of the costly practice of printing paychecks for employees. Precisely, we need a system that would lead to a drastic reduction in the cost of handling payroll, hence encouraging more saves withing a short while.
Impacts
Impact: Costs and Risks
Although a suitable system would facilitate the attainment of the above-stated goals and objectives, certain costs and risks could occur. First, a new system could have some hidden costs, such as those required for upgrading software or conducting relevant maintenance services. Unfortunately, virtually every appealing project has hidden costs (Weibel, Rost & Osterloh, 2010). Besides, a new payroll system may discourage identification and exploration of other opportunities that could emerge in the market place. For example, it could be difficult and costly for our firm to adopt better payroll systems in the future. Still, the new system may fail to deliver its promises. Manufacturers and promoters of current payroll systems could have used unproven claims and characteristics to boost sales rather than providing accurate information.
Moreover, a new system could result in unwanted delays and disruptions from the usual operations of our firm. For instance, employees and accountants may become demonstrate lower performance as they adjust to the use of a new system. Also, our organization could incur certain costs while training accountants and other employees on how the new system works. Still, some employees may exhibit some dissatisfaction with the use of a new system. Finally, the system may prove unprofitable in the long-term because extra costs such as those for maintenance may occur. Therefore, our organization may experience additional costs and risks that are not easily noticeable.
Impact: Benefits and Opportunities
A new payroll system could attract vital benefits and opportunities for our organization. Although a project could appear less attractive, certain hidden opportunities and benefits would render it beneficial after implementation (Grant, Teller & Teller, 2005). First, our firm may realize substantial savings and profits from the long-term use of the system. Precisely, the practice of automating almost every process and elimination of paperwork would result in more efficiency, accuracy, and a dramatic reduction in operation costs (Haris, 2003). Besides, it could become easier for our organization to adopt other improved payroll systems after embracing a new one. Moreover, our staff, especially accountants, could become more productive and efficient when handling their roles and responsibilities. As a result, employees could become more satisfied and motivated, following timely and accurate payment of their salaries.
Also, a new system could lead to significant changes with regard to payroll processes. For instance, employees could gain the opportunity to edit details on their payroll system, while accountants and the human resource manager would have to check and confirm the information in the system. Still, our firm could realize better competitive standing by ensuring timely and accurate processing and remittance of state and federal taxes as well as employee salaries. Subsequently, our firm would attract more competent individuals following an improved reputation. Therefore, a new system could attract essential benefits and opportunities that are not easily noticeable.
Potential Solution/ Recommendation
Our organization would realize its target goal and objectives by purchasing and using the Square Payroll system (McQuarrie, 2020). Square Payroll software is one of the most affordable payrolls in the market. Accordingly, our firm will spend relatively little amounts of funds to acquire, install, and use the software. As a medium-sized company with a focus on encouraging sustainability, it advisable that we acquire Square Payroll to minimize expenditures on matters concerning payroll. Unfortunately, Square Payroll has a limited number of add-on features compared with other payroll systems such as QuickBooks and Gusto. Since our key concern is on ensuring an efficient and effective system, we should adopt Square Payroll because it offers all the basic and vital features. Besides, Square Payroll relies on low cost-maintenance tends to be low. Precisely, our organization would be paying about $29 every month to acquire payroll services from the online platform.
Moreover, Square Payroll is the best option because it has a mobile app for Android and Ios, hence attracts more convenience for accountants, human resource manager and the employees. As such, our organization and employees would not have to acquire expensive computers and phones to utilize the software. Thus, employees and the organization would not incur extra costs of purchasing new phones and computers since they can install the app on their current devices.
Additionally, Square Payroll does not demand advanced skills and knowledge from the users. Instead, its basic features are relatively easier to use and discourages complexity. As a result, users would quickly identify the icon and feature to use. As a result, our organization would spend comparatively little amount of time, funds and relevant resources in training the staffs on the use of the software. Therefore, it will take a relatively short time for our firm to acquire, install and use the Square Payroll system.
Further, Square Payroll is suitable for our firm because it facilitates smooth switch from the existing payroll system. Specifically, Square Payroll automatically retrieves vital documents and details from the current system (McQuarrie, 2020). Besides, it checks for any errors and mistakes with regards to functions such as payment of Federal and state taxes and employee salaries in the current system. Subsequently, our organization would avoid the otherwise costly, tedious and timeconsuming practice of switching from one payroll system to the other.
Accordingly, we should acquire and install Square Payroll system within the next few months to ensure we realize our target goals and objectives without delays. Moreover, all employees and accountants should strive and ensure that they have appropriate smartphones to facilitate ease of access and use of the new payroll system. Nonetheless, our organization should encourage ease of access and use of all the available computers and phones by every staff member so that those without the required devices do not feel excluded from the new system.
Still, Square Payroll would work best for our organization because it automatically updates all the crucial federal and state deductions. As such, our organization would comply with all the necessary legal requirements by accurately paying taxes on time. Similarly, Square Payroll encourages speedy and accurate payment of employees since it automates virtually all the relevant processes. Accordingly, our organization would avoid costly lawsuits that could emanate from practices such as delayed or incorrect payments. Therefore, Square Payroll is legally feasible for our firm.
However, it is relatively difficult to tell if Square Payroll will remain effective and efficient over an extended period because it is one of the newest payroll systems in the market. Hence, the software could exhibit some technical problems, especially with regards to the use of mobile app. Moreover, the Square Payroll may not prove attractive to the users due to its limited features. Also, Square Payroll could be missing some useful features that could attract better performance. Therefore, further research studies should be conducted to collect information from firms that have adopted the use of Square Payroll before purchasing, installing and using it.
Alternative Solutions
Although Square Payroll could be the best solution for our organization, alternative payroll systems that could effectively deliver the desired goals and objectives exist. First, Gusto could be the best alternative since it has more features and higher-performance compared with Square Payroll. Moreover, Gusto has a mobile app, thus attracts more convenience among its users (McQuarrie, 2020). Also, Gusto has gained good repuration and proves to be highly-efficient and effective. Still, the system is highly-automated for speedy and accurate processes. Besides, Gusto is legally feasible for our firm because it facilitates accurate and timely payment of state and federal taxes . However, Gusto is comparatively more expensive since its software cost over $39 per month. Still, Gusto demands advanced skills, hence, more training resources would be used to develop employees and accauntants. Further, Gusto does not have a reliable and readily available support because its support team is operate daytime on weekdays only. Hence, our firm’s payroll system could remain unoperational during weekends or at night when a technical hitch occurs. Hence, Gusto does not appear as the most suitable system for our organization.
The other alternative is OnPay. This payroll system could partially meet the required goals and objectives. The system offers payroll basics that facilitate accomplishment of virtually all the necessary processes in medium-sized businesses. As such, it could make a sutiable option because it does not require the use of advanced skills and extensive training. Luckily, OnPay provides employee onboarding guidelines to encourage switft adoption. Still, OnPay is legally feasible for our firm and other organizations in the US because it facilitates timely and accurate tax filing. Unfortunately, the system attracts inconviniences among its users since does not have a mobile app. Moreover it is relatively expensive for our firm to use OnPay system because it requires over $36 as maintenance fee every month (McQuarrie, 2020). Therefore, our firm’s focus on sustainability and support for local communities may be compromised by lack of adequate funds because OnPay requires money. Therefore, our firm should not acquire and use OnPay because it does not meet the specifications and requirements.
References
Gatrell, J., Reid, N., & Steiger, T. L. (2018). Branding spaces: Place, region, sustainability and the American craft beer industry. Applied Geography, 90, 360-370.
Grant, D. B., Teller, C., & Teller, W. (2005). ‘Hidden’opportunities and benefits in using web-based business-to-business surveys. International Journal of Market Research, 47(6), 641-666.
Great Lakes Brewing Company. (2019). Retrieved 8 March 2020, from https://www.forbes.com/companies/great-lakes-brewing-company/?list=best-small-companies#6c2e5c2e5fc6Haris, M. H. (2003). Automated payroll system (Doctoral dissertation, German-Malaysia Institute).
McQuarrie, K. (2020). Best Small Business Payroll Software 2020 | Business.org. Retrieved 8 March 2020, from https://www.business.org/finance/accounting/best-payroll-software/#OnPay_reviewŠerman, B., Glavaš, H., Vukobratović, M., & Kraus, Z. (2017). TELOS Feasibility Analysis of Photovoltaic Power Plant. Applied Engineering Letters, 2(3), 91.
Weibel, A., Rost, K., & Osterloh, M. (2010). Pay for performance in the public sector—Benefits and (hidden) costs. Journal of public administration research and theory, 20(2), 387-412.
Motivation At Work Application At Making Of Hotplates
Motivation At Work Application At Making Of Hotplates
Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc379447670 h 1Changes in the workplace accounting for increase in productivity and decrease in controllable rejects PAGEREF _Toc379447671 h 1What might account for the drop in absenteeism and the increase in moral PAGEREF _Toc379447672 h 2The major changes in the situation, changes were under the control of the manager, which were controlled by workers? PAGEREF _Toc379447673 h 2What might happen if the workers went back to the old assembly line method? PAGEREF _Toc379447674 h 3
IntroductionIn the case study, Making of Hotplates, Workers seems to be having jobs which are extremely specialized. Each task is balanced for three minutes per each station making the work to be extremely monotonous to the workers making them to become unhappy, Because of unhappiness of workers at the workplace; these would have resulted in poor morale as well as low motivation. Motivation in the workplace is a form of force that makes the employees to do things which will result to high production by having an inspiration of completing the tasks allocated. When there is motivation in organization, the employees try to put more effort to increase the output standard (Whiteley, 2002). This paper analyzes the importance of motivation to the workers in the workplace and problems that result when there is low motivation.
Changes in the workplace accounting for increase in productivity and decrease in controllable rejects
An increase in productivity and a decrease in controllable rejects are due to the change introduced in the workplace. The enlargement of job in the workplace gave the workers a higher percentage of total tasks which was scheduled for the workers. Instead of the workers working on one subassembly for many hotplates, they manage to finish the entire hotplate at once then moving on to another hotplate allowing them to be responsible for more portions of other tasks. The workers on the other hand also felt more motivated and so the overall productivity increased. Motivation in organization always drives many workers forward. Little motivation on individual subassemblies make workers to be careless as well as, slow, however when they feel motivated by each having an ownership of the entire hotplate “Now it is my hotplate” enabling them to have the control of the defects and, producing more products (Stack, 2010).
The individual work seemed to have been provided a sense of clarity and speed therefore, increasing the productivity since each individual chose a goal to meet and creating a plan of actions that need to be followed. Increase in productivity could have also been brought by the idea that there are some employees who cannot work well when they are in a team; however they can do much better if they are given individual tasks where they make quicker decision since there is no need for discussion and explanation. Because of these, the work was done quickly hence increasing the productivity and decreasing the controllable reject (Stack, 2010)..
What might account for the drop in absenteeism and the increase in moralThe drop in absenteeism and the increase in morale were due to the increase that was brought about by satisfaction of workers with what they were doing in their jobs. Satisfaction is a sense of job which is worth to be done, or being contented with a task. Overspecialization of job design is brought due to job dissatisfaction, this is because, many workers no longer feel the sense of ownership or control over what they do as their jobs. They fail to feel the self-fulfilled as they have no opportunity of advancing in their jobs resulting in a tedious as well as monotonous work. All the above mentioned factors create unhappiness to the workers creating a tendency of absenteeism (Woerkom & Poell 2010.
The major changes in the situation, changes were under the control of the manager, which were controlled by workers?The major changes in the situation were the enlargement and enrichment of the work where there were so many responsibilities for the infections of final work which was added. The changes which were under the control of the manager is a change in the situation where the manager changed various jobs by reorganizing work lines creating range of movements as well as, setting tasks for each worker. Training program was also added by the manager to the workers where they were left by themselves to decide if they would like the new program or go back to the old one. The training program as well as, decision-making ability also contributed to motivation and workers empowering. Workers on the other hand, are the only people who have the ability of increasing the quality as well as productivity. However, managers alone cannot change errors which can lead to defects in the business. Because of that, they tend to punish the workers not knowing that it is the system that causes an error while not the mistake of individuals to fail making difference in business. Managers have also made it easier for workers to be more efficient and productive by setting job designs which are effective, the manager also maintained the quality of product by increasing the satisfaction as well as improving morale (Rush, 2008).
What might happen if the workers went back to the old assembly line method?If the workers happen to go back to the old assembly line method, the problem will absolutely arise suppose the method was reinstated. There would be dissatisfaction and low motivation for the workers making things to get worse and worse since they would have seen better ways of work approach. In most cases, the management did not have problems with the workers deliberately sabotaging the flow of work in an organization; it is therefore possible that, the managers might start practicing such behaviors under those circumstances. Workers would never feel the responsible for the quality of the individual hotplates compared to what they seem to do now while the gains made would also be lost instantly.
References
Rush, H. M. (2008). Job design for motivation; [experiments in job enlargement and job enrichment,. New York: Conference Board.
Stack, L. (2010). Super competent the six keys to perform at your productive best. New York: Wiley.
Whiteley, P. (2002). Motivation. London: Capstone Pub..
Woerkom, M. V., & Poell, R. F. (2010). Workplace learning: concepts, measurement, and application. New York: Routledge.