Recent orders
this paper will discuss the efforts or the methods that could be adopted to change the current status of the café financial o
Profit Maximization
Name
Affiliation
Introduction
Changing the profitability of a business calls for a lot of the efforts not only by the management but also by the overall efforts by the employees of the organization. As for the case of the case study there are various ways that could be used to increase the profitability of the café. This will range from internal changes to external ones. For this reason, this paper will discuss the efforts or the methods that could be adopted to change the current status of the café financial or towards making profits.
The owner of the café should consider that the management of the café does not only lie to him but also to other employees of his/hers. Since the café has been profiting for the last decades from only the locals, then, one of the first consideration that the owner has to ensure to put in place is corporate social responsibility (Levinthal & Wu, 2010). The owner of the café has to ensure that the people he gets profits from should be consider at the end of the day with the profits obtained. This could be the reason why the people in the locality have lost value of the café and could not be able to get there hence prefer other café in the areas. The owner for example should take part in cleaning of the local town. This is one of the ways that could bring back the customers to the café noting that the owner of the café is considerate of the environment around his business or around the people.
The second way to ensure that the business makes profits is increasing the whereabouts of the business to the people in the area. Marketing the next option that should be adopted by the owner of the business (Nagurney, 2010). There are various forms of marketing that the owner could use in order to inform the people about the business. This is accordance to the competition he/she might be facing in the locality. The business should adopt bronchus to market the business to the clients in the local area. In addition, the owner of the business should use the local media to advertise the business. The other marketing option that could be use is using social networking sites to send the message about the café to the customers within the locality having noted that the area has low population. The limited number of people is not only an added advantage but also a step towards maximizing the business profits.
Conclusion
It is vital to conclude the above paper by stating that costa’s café is a sole proprietorship form of business, therefore, it is the due responsibility the owner to consider the local in decision making in order to gain interest if not the needs and demands of the people/customers. The very last concern is that the business should also sell products that are of interest to the clients and to shy. Using all the above methods will improve the business profits both in short term and long term.
References
Levinthal, D. A., & Wu, B. (2010). Opportunity costs and non‐scale free capabilities: profit maximization, corporate scope, and profit margins. Strategic Management Journal, 31(7), 780-801.
Nagurney, A. (2010). Supply chain network design under profit maximization and oligopolistic competition. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46(3), 281-294.
this paper will discuss the components of active listening as below in order to understand how effective and efficient patien
32645358851265450000
22453603789045ACTIVE LISTENING
450000ACTIVE LISTENING
Introduction
It is evident that through an affective and Therapeutic communication, the patient-directed care as well as patient catered care will be 100 percent implemented in the health care facilities or in aftercare centres such as homes. Therefore, it upon the obligation of the health care professionals such as nurses and other physicians to ensure that there is an active communication amid the professionals and the patients (Browning & Waite, 2010). Therefore, this paper will discuss the components of active listening as below in order to understand how effective and efficient patient-directed care and patient centred care can be implemented.
Attending
The best way to make sure that active listening is evaluated amid the health professionals and the patients is by ensuring that there is always an attendance between the health care professionals and the patient. For a professional to be able to offer health care service well to the patient, he/she should be readable available in order to understand of know the problem of the patient. Nothing less than being in attendance is the patient, for a patient to be able to be treated or to be given the direct care he/she should also be present during the treatment process so that they could come to an understanding with the health care professionals offering patient centred care or patient-directed care. The patient as able to explain his/her health problem and the health or medical professionals is able to take notes and advice on the best diagnosis. Therefore, it is considered important that the attendance stage of active listening should be maintained and adhered wit to the latter (Shipley, 2010).
For example, through the attendance, the patient is able to meet the medical or health care professionals who will in return give his diagnosis or even offer health advice to the patient. Hence, the first process of active listening is one of the best ways that such professionals and patient are able to come with an effective understanding of each other. Therefore, the attending phase of active learning amid the patient and health care professional should always be ensured at all times with reason easing their communication. Observing
Observation is another important step in the active listening process and all the stakeholders in the health distribution channel should encourage observation. For the well-being of the active listener, he/she will be able to second his information with other data that is obtained via facial recognition or via observation. Through observation there are various important issues or things that both the health care professional offering patient-directed care and patient centred care will gain advantage of. The health care professionals are given the chance to view through the signs and symptoms of the patients hence able to communicate back or offer feedback to the patient according to the symptoms present as well as give health care advice on the diagnosis. Through observation, the physician is able to evaluate the condition of the patient based on other observable indications ever seen in such cases (Bodie, 2012). Thus, it can be deduced that through observation the professional is able to evaluate the nature of the patient and determine the most effective way to manage his diseases or ailment evident.
Therefore, it can be deduced that poor observation skills amid the health care professionals is a serious issue that can lead to health care risks. Hence, for effective and efficient communication between the patient and the health care professionals it is worth adopting these skills or knowledge for better understanding of patient-centred care as well as patient-directed care. It is important to ensure that health service providers should make sure health professionals are keen on observational skills and knowledge.
Questioning
There are various steps to ensure that health care communication is adhered for the case of patient-directed care and patient centred care. The ability of a health care professional to be able to question the client efficiently and effectively in order to understand their health conditions or status. In the case of nursing, it is important to understanding the nursing skills of questioning so that they could be able to understand the value of health care to patients. With these skills nurses are able to offer either patient centred or patient-directed care with ease. This is one of the attributes of a good nurse. Health care professionals such as nurses should be able to question all the patients to get the deepest need of the patient. Questioning is the most important concept needed in effective communication. There are various attributes that second questioning as one of the best steps to make sure the quality of health care meets the desired qualifications. For this to be possible health care professionals should adopt better questioning skills to get the right feedback out of the patient (Ingram et al., 2011).
It is considered important to evaluate the feeling of the patient, but this can only be got from close questioning of the patient. Thus, the nature and understanding of the patient needs can only be obtained through effective questioning of the patient. Health or medical professionals must be trained to gain knowledge and understanding of better questing skills and abilities to change the current form of communication amid patients and professionals. Paraphrasing, and Summarising
Nurses, doctors, and other health care professionals should ensure that they develop a culture of taking patients’ notes and be able to summarize the notes in order to increase the understanding of the information in the notes. It is noted that the health care service is a unique service from the others because the health status of a patient depends on the various notes about the patients’ health. For this reason, it is worth mentioning that that these professionals should be able to summarise patients’ records to ease the reading and analysing of the patient medical status. Thus, the ability of the professionals to summarize the notes will not only help in the communication process, but also in the understanding of the patient medical report more easily in the case of referrals or other issues (Ingram et al., 2011).
Taking care of the patient’s records by being able to paraphrase the information given by the other doctors is an important step in effective communication in the therapeutic and effective communication in patient-directed care and patient centred care. Therefore, all individuals related to health care services should ensure improved this active listening skills in order to push health care to the next level. In the case of a patient approach the doctor who in this case could be the listener should be able to summarize and paraphrase the information from the patient so that he could be able to gunner the information needed and to provide the feedback such as diagnosis and treatment plans for the patient. Finally, it can be noted that without these two skills, then active listening will be a problem especially in the health care profession (Olukoga, Folayan, Harris & Ajayi, 2010).
Reflection of feeling
Being able to reflect the information obtained from listening is an important step to deduce the best decision. Self or personal reflection is known to be the best tool to ensure upright decision is undertaken on all the issues in the world. Therefore, it is important to consider that reflection is an important step in ensuring that all measures are taken to adhere to these facets for better or high quality service. It is important to reflect on the patient records for some time if the case is not an emergency one. This will helps the health/medical professional to be able to offer the best diagnosis or treatment to the patient. To the patient, it will be a good step towards his/her treatment.
Strengths
It’s worth mentioning that I have various strengths in my active listening skills. One of my strengths is being able to summarize and paraphrase information from the patient. With this skill I am able to evaluate the information from the patient with ease and also provide a clear and accurate information for medical record purposes. In most cases other professionals find it easy to contemplate on my previous notes, hence able to help the patients more effectively and easily. The other strength that I am competent in is my observation skills. I am able to evaluate observable information about my patients such as symptoms and the patient’s progress. This has helped me over the year to offer quality health care service to my patients
Weaknesses
Contrary to the known strengths, I am not able to execute my questioning and attending skills. Therefore, in order to improve the above skills I will use the below development plan to improve my skills.
Development Plan
To evaluate the areas that I have in the above two weaknesses in order to ascertain the areas to develop.
Take a step to attend active listening training to make sure I am able to back my skills and knowledge and skills
To improve my understanding of the above weakness I will execute an experience attachment to allow me to evaluate understanding of my skills
Conclusion
It is important to understand active listening skills. As in the case of health professionals, it is worth ensuring that this skill are adopted for better patient-directed care and patient centred care.
References
Olukoga, A., Folayan, M., Harris, G., & Ajayi, O, 2010. An Analysis of Listening Skills of Healthcare Students in Nigeria. West African journal of medicine, 29(2).
Jagosh, J., Donald Boudreau, J., Steinert, Y., MacDonald, M. E., & Ingram, L, 2011. The importance of physician listening from the patients’ perspective: Enhancing diagnosis, healing, and the doctor–patient relationship. Patient education and counseling, 85(3), 369-374.
Bodie, G. D, 2012. Listening as positive communication. The positive side of interpersonal communication, 109-125.
Shipley, S. D, 2010. Listening: A concept analysis. In Nursing forum (Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 125-134). Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Browning, S., & Waite, R, 2010. The gift of listening: JUST listening strategies. In Nursing forum (Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 150-158). Blackwell Publishing Inc.
This paper will discuss Brazils export and import trade. It will also support the facts by adopting trade theories that align
BRAZIL EXPORT AND IMPORT TRADE
Introduction
This paper will discuss Brazil’s export and import trade. It will also support the facts by adopting trade theories that align with the country’s trade levels.
Trade in Goods
Brazilian Export and Import Trade in Goods
Based on the information collected between 2006 and 2013, Brazil’s total trade has grown significantly. This is evidence that the country has a nominal annual average rate of 30.3 percent, indicating a strong economic development/growth as well as external demand for Brazilian products in the international Market. During this time export grew at an annual rate of 25 percent, partially showing an increase in community prices and imports at an annual rate of 27.2 percent (Rong, 2010). The value of all the exports grew at a significant rate of 56 percent higher than the import goods during the same year (2006-2013). However, the trade surplus has been constrained due to a faster increase of import goods to the country (Hurrell & Narlikar, 2006).
In terms of the value of the exports it is deduced that it increased by about 105 percent from 2006 to 2013 reaching US$150. 2 billion. It is noted that exports of primary product such as agricultural goods amid other like human labour doubled, reaching US$50bn by 2013. Specifically, agricultural exports doubled, reaching to at least US$40bn. It should be noted that most Export sales of agricultural products were from coffee and cereals (Hurrell & Narlikar, 2006). Export of mining goods also tripled to an extent of reaching US$35bn in 2013, this was because of the high demand of minerals from other emerging nations or countries. The other export goods that indicated a higher growth was manufactured goods that totalled to about US$100 billion. Despite the fact that the Brazils export structure had been stable for a while, the value of primary export goods folded two times as the major export earner because of high demand as well as high commodity price of the goods in the external market.
On the contrast due to the better export performance of the primary goods, the total share of the manufacturing export decreased from 60 percent to 47.4 percent by 2013 despite the fact that it had doubled in value by USD40bn more (Hurrell & Narlikar, 2006). In addition, to the agricultural, mining and manufacturing products exports, transport and machinery Subsector also made a step ahead as minor export goods. Automotive chemicals and products were among the goods that made Brazil improve its Gross Domestics product between 2006 and 2013 (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012).
The total number of the imports was able to reach US$ 100.3bn by 2013; this means that there was a 3 times increase as compared to the value of the 2012 financial year. It was evident that the importance of primary goods increased much faster as compared to that of manufacturing good during between 2010 and 2013 with an average growth rate of 24.2 percent annually (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012). However, Brazil had to import more of manufacturing goods such as electronics accounting to 60 percent of the important in 2013 compared to 45 percent in 2012. Among the most significant import category was the transport and machinery equipment’s with a 32 percent share of the imports in 2013 (Goedhuys & Veugelers, 2012). The total share of the primary goods increased by almost 5 percent over a period of 3 years (2010-2013) (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012). Other mining products and fuel are considered to be the second largest imports that Brazil had; this accounted to 21 percent of the total imports. The value of agricultural imports reduced by 6 percent over a three year period, standing at 9 percent in 2013. In 2013, the total number of agricultural goods accounted to US$ 167bn while the imports accounted to US$150bn (Goedhuys & Veugelers, 2012). Therefore, based on the export information the leading export was agriculture, followed mu manufacturing goods, mining, transport equipment, and machinery and the reverse is true for the import goods.
Brazilian Export and Import Trade in Services
Brazil is known to have a deficit in services, however, this trend is decreasing over time due to the increase or the growth in imports. In 2013, it is noted that the exports of services accounted for US$21. 56bn, while that of imports (payments) was at US$32.4bn. At a period between 2010 and 2013, the largest deficit was noted in transportation, equipment leasing and travel of key political officials amid other leaders in government. The deficit was largest in transporting while the payments doubled in 2013 as compared to 2012 (Goedhuys & Veugelers, 2012). This deficit translated to a reduction in participation of the Brazilian Airlines because there was an increase in the balance of payments made by the country travels abroad. This impacted services account of the country in great extent. Despite the fact that the country has made all ways possible to reduce the deficit in the service trade sector, it cannot survive without them.
Explanation of the Trade Theories
The Product Life-Cycle Theory
The theory clearly states that if a country is producing a new product and the demand of the product increase externally yet other countries have opened the same production line, it is the obligation of the country to open plants in these countries to avoid export duties and taxation as this will reduced production cost (Hurrell & Narlikar, 2006). As in the case of Brazil, it has a high number of manufacturing export, however, other countries in the developing nations are not left behind as they have opened companies that produce the same, therefore Brazil should ensure opening the manufacturing companies in the countries that they make most export sales. This will reduce the cost of production as well as the reduced balance of payments.
Mercantilism
The theory states that we should sell more to the strangers that we consume theirs. This means that Brazil should export more than Import. Brazil is known for increased exports of agricultural goods to the international market amid other exports such as mining, transport and machinery equipment (Hurrell & Narlikar, 2006). However, it’s also important more about transport and machinery equipment. In addition, it spends more on travel payments; government officials more to gain investment provisions from developing nations. With respect to the above difference in the export and import value, the imports are almost closing in to the exports hence risking the countries trade. Based on the theory the country should ensure it develops companies in the country that could manufacture the transport and machinery goods rather than importing them. This will reduce the surplus deficit that the country is currently facing (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012).
Absolute Advantage Theory
A country as an absolute advantage in the production of a service or product as efficiently as compared to other nations. Based on the above assumption, it is clear that Brazil is efficient in agricultural production as well as labour. The country should take advantage of the two to ensure that its value of export is higher than that of the import (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012). The country should increase the production of agricultural goods and services as well as export surplus labour to other nations to make sure it maximizes its potentials at a great extent. This will force Brazil to reduce import of agricultural goods from other countries, thereby, increasing their balance of trade. This will also increase the country’s Gross Domestic Product and ultimately the entire economy.
Comparative Advantage
Since Brazil is able to produce all the export goods at ease it should make sure to improve the production of the most efficient product that it is best in. This theory states that the production of the two absolute advantages is not enough if the country had to specialize more on one of the products. Brazil has enough laboured source, therefore, it should ensure that it introduces the manufacturing sector at a great extent (Rong, 2010). It is clear that Brazil exports manufactured goods, but at limited amount. It should take this advantage to produce more of manufactured products as it has an absolute advantage over it. This will translate to an increased balance of payment hence improved GDP.
It is evident that the Brazil’s absolute advantage is in the agricultural goods. Being the leader of coffee production in the world, the country exports more than 57 billion tonnes of crude and refined coffee around the world. Despite the fact that the country is leading in this, it has other agricultural imports. Therefore, the country’s balance of payments cancels the export value. In order to improve its balance of payments, Brazil should make sure it a priority to invest more on other agricultural goods. Although, facts indicate that Brazil absolute advantage is on Agriculture, it has other developed products such as transport and manufacturing goods (Rong, 2010).
The competitive advantage that Brazil is facing is that it is able to produce and trade on different goods and services such as labour, agriculture, transport, mining and other with other countries trading on the same (Gonzaga da Silva, 2012). Much of the attention that contributes to competitive advantage is that Brazil is able to trade with other countries, yet it produces agricultural products with more emphasis. The country places this emphasis as well as assigns more resources because it can efficiently produce these goods.
Conclusion
It is clear that Brazil is among the 1st group of developing nations as its imports are less that the exports. However, it should ensure reduced the exports even further by adopting the above theories in their trade.
References
Goedhuys, M., & Veugelers, R. (2012). Innovation strategies, process and product innovations and growth: Firm-level evidence from Brazil. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(4), 516-529.
Gonzaga da Silva, E. C. (2012). Legal Strategies for Reproduction of Environmental Inequalities in Waste Trade. The Brazil–Retreaded Tyres Case.
Hurrell, A., & Narlikar, A. (2006). A New Politics of Confrontation? Brazil and India in Multilateral Trade Negotiations∗. Global Society, 20(4), 415-433.
Rong, F. (2010). Understanding developing country stances on post-2012 climate change negotiations: Comparative analysis of Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa. Energy policy, 38(8), 4582-4591.