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The comparison of the representation of marriage in Sinclair Rosss
The comparison of the representation of marriage in Sinclair Ross’s, “The lamb and the noon” and Alistair Mac Leod’s, “The boat”.
Classic English literature:
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The focus of this paper is to provide an analysis which entails the comparison of the representation of marriage in two pieces of literature. The books in question are Sinclair Ross’s, “The lamb and the noon” and Alistair Mac Leod’s, “The boat”. The paper looks at the themes that the author uses opposing works of literature to bring out the different situations at hand. This is supported by the use of original texts from the two stories. The paper later provides a concluding paragraph that summarizes the contents of the analysis.
The Lamb and the Noon
Written by Sinclair Ross, The lamb and the Noon is a reflection of a family that tries to deal with the repercussions of the great depression in the United States. During this time, it was difficult to make ends meet in all aspect of life. The couple has invested in faming which acts as their main source of livelihood. One of the factors that contribute their problems is the climatic change that leads to the farming in the area. The lamb and the Noon looks at the way couples deal with external issues outside marriage. The focus on marriage is used as one of the main themes due to the message it relays to society.
The author compares the great depression in the country to that of the couple. The couple is going through a hard time that seeks to threaten their marriage. Paul who is the head of the family chooses to grow wheat which turns out to be a careless decision that did not yield fruit. The choice renders the farmer helpless in that the seeds do not react well to the long term drought. This factor alone causes a rift in the relationship making the two drift apart. Marriage in this case is represented by partnership in terms of raising a family and providing for the family. This plan is significantly affected by the extension of the drought that leads to Ellen placing blame on Paul for the mismanagement of the farm.
“Demented wind fled keening past the house: a wail through the eaves that died every minute or two.” The couple experiences tragic times in that the starvation leads to the possible demise of the entire family. Ellen feels a sense of helplessness with or without the assurance of her husband “Please stay … I’m so caged – if I could only break away and run. See – I stand like this all day. I can’t relax. My throat’s so tight it aches”. They realize that they cannot turn the situation around owing to their reliance on natural factors for their solution. The drought gets the best of the couple in that Paul succumbs to the unbearable situation. This ends the marriage which had come to its end long before the death of Paul. The author uses the great depression to represent the marriage in this circumstance. He compares it to the depressing times couples undergo when they are faced with challenges. The death of Paul reflects the rising rate of divorce which the country continues to face to date.
The Boat
Alistair, Mac Leod’s, The boat is based on a narrative of a son about the life of his parents. According to the narrator, the family spends a considerable amount of time on their boat which is used to cater for their financial needs. The boat is used to symbolize a rocky relationship. The author uses the example of the couple to display the differences that people face when in marriages. The father has a need to change with the times due to the change in the surrounding environment. This involves his welcoming of tourists to the boat so as to show them the different parts of the town. The mother on the other hand has different opinions in regard to the sudden change in the culture. “My mother despised the room and all it stood for, its door always open and its contents visible to all.” The text shows that the mother preferred things to remain exactly how they were. This acted as a source of comfort and security as opposed to being exposed to the outside world. She does not support her husband’s relationship with visitors from the outside community. This causes the two to drift away from each other due to their difference in opinions.
The father is too old to change the dynamics of his life making him live a life of regret. He has a lot to offer in terms of embracing the modern world which he cannot act on due to his physical and mental state. This makes him feel an enormous amount of regret in regard to how he spent his early life. The author uses the example of the couple to showcase the dissatisfaction people feel when they remain married for a long period. The father in this case lives with regret and disappointment seeing as he spends the remaining part of his life wishing that he would have done things differently. This leads to an uncomfortable environment in the house that causes depression amongst the family members. The narrator reflects on the number of disagreement his parents have as a result of their difference of opinion. This creates an uncomfortable environment which is not conducive for the children. This portrays a feeling of hopelessness owing to the fact that the father cannot change his current state. The authors theme is reflective of a number of marriages witnessed in society.
Both books display families that are experiencing difficulties at a certain point in their life. The writers use separate situations to explain the different forms of marital issues that couples face. The themes in each case are tragic which is reflective of the thoughts and interpretations of both writers. The actions of the characters thus result to the demise of the relationship.
Conclusion
The books are centered on relationships that experience challenges brought about by different factors. The analysis looks at the two varying situations and their effect the on the marriages. Both books are tragic in nature which gives a negative perspective on the institution of marriage as a whole. The study of the two pieces of literature is thus ideal due to the message they both share.
The Community Court
The Community Court
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The Community Court
The chosen court would be the community court. The community court is a court that hears cases involving community members who have been accused of minor crimes. The court works with the community to resolve the issues that led to the crime and to ensure that the offender does not commit future crimes. The court also works to rehabilitate the offender and help them reintegrate into the community. The community court is a court that is focused on the community and on helping to keep the community safe. The court works with the community to resolve disputes and to ensure that offenders are held accountable for their actions. The community court is a court that is focused on helping the offender to rehabilitate and to become a productive member of the community.
As a local elected official, one would choose to fund a community court; to provide a more localized and accessible court system for residents. A local elected official might decide to fund a community court to give a more localized and accessible court system for residents (Ingram, 2020). Community courts can be designed to meet the specific needs of the community they serve and provide a more efficient and effective way to resolve disputes. They can also help to build trust between the community and the court system. On the other hand, one would choose to fund a community court to ease the burden on the traditional court system by dealing with lower-level offenses outside of it. Several reasons a local elected official might choose to fund a community court are to ease the burden on the traditional court system. Community courts can effectively deal with lower-level offenses, freeing up the traditional court system to focus on more serious crimes (Atherton, 2022). Additionally, community courts can help build trust between the community and the police and improve communication and collaboration between the two.
In addition, one can fund a community court to address the root causes of crime in a community and break the cycle of criminal behavior. Community courts effectively reduce crime and recidivism rates (Atherton, 2022). They also help build trust between the police and the community and improve communication and collaboration between different agencies. Additionally, community courts can provide much-needed resources and support to communities struggling with crime, violence, and poverty. By funding a community court, a local elected official can show their commitment to making their community a safer, more prosperous place to live.
At the same time, it improves community relations with law enforcement and the court system. The community court will seek to improve community relations with law enforcement and the court system (Coburn et al., 2019). For example, the official may believe that the community court will help build trust between the community and the police and improve communication and cooperation between the two groups. The official may also think that the community court will help resolve disputes between the community and the police and provide a forum for the community to air its grievances and concerns. Moreover, it provides a more efficient and effective way to deal with lower-level offenses (Ingram, 2020). Community courts can help reduce the overall crime rate in a community by addressing the root causes of criminal behavior and allowing offenders to make positive changes in their lives. Also, the community courts can help improve the community’s perception of the criminal justice system by increasing transparency and accountability and providing a forum for community members to voice their concerns. Finally, community courts can help reduce the criminal justice system’s cost by diverting low-level offenders from the traditional court system.
In conclusion, community courts can benefit a community, including reducing crime and improving public safety. They can also help to enhance the relationship between the police and the community and increase public trust in the criminal justice system. Community courts can also have a positive impact on the local economy. They can create jobs and generate revenue for the community. In addition, community courts can help reduce the number of incarcerated people, which can save the government money on incarceration costs. The decision to fund a community court should be based on the community’s needs and available resources. Local officials should consult with community members and stakeholders to determine if a community court would benefit the community and if it is feasible to implement. Community courts can play an essential role in society by providing a more efficient way to deal with lower-level offenses and addressing the root causes of crime in a community. They can also improve community relations with law enforcement and the court system.
References
Ingram, M. J. (2020). Communities and courts: law and disorder in early-seventeenth-century Wiltshire. In Crime in England 1550–1800 (pp. 110-134). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003074809-6/communities-courts-law-disorder-early-seventeenth-century-wiltshire-ingramCoburn, P. I., Harvey, M. B., Anderson, S. F., Price, H. L., Chong, K., & Connolly, D. A. (2019). Boys abused in a community setting: an analysis of gender, relationship, and delayed prosecutions in cases of child sexual abuse. Journal of child sexual abuse, 28(5), 586-607. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10538712.2019.1580329Atherton, S. (2022). Restorative Practice and Therapeutic Jurisprudence in Court: A Case Study of Teesside Community Court. Laws, 11(5), 72. https://www.mdpi.com/1831886
Germanys political and economic changes during the 20th century,
Germany Research Assignment #1
Terri Kempton
HUMN305-F1WW
Franklin University
Professor: Brian Kasvosve M.A.
March 1, 2014
Germany has undergone a number of political and economic changes during the 20th century, which have combined to have a significant impact on the country’s development during this period. This paper has therefore been written to research and examine the political, social and economic history of Germany during the 20th century, and to identify the major events, which have had an impact on the country’s development, along with an examination of the current socio-economic and political situation in the country. In order to achieve these aims a considerable amount of research has been conducted into this subject and this information will be referenced accordingly throughout the paper in order to support the arguments that will be presented. This paper will therefore attempt to examine the political and economic history of Germany, while it will also seek to review the current economic system that is in place in the country. Furthermore, this paper will also attempt to determine the extent to which the economic system that is in place in Germany is an overall reflection of the country’s unique history and culture over the last century, which has seen Germany develop in a variety of positive ways. Finally a balanced conclusion will be drawn which will present the most important challenges facing Germany in 21st century Europe and as part of the global community.
An examination of the history of Germany during the 20th century must begin with the first major event that helped to shape the modern country of Germany that is in existence today. Detwiler comments that during the month of June 1914 “the heir to the Habsburg throne was assassinated by a pro-Serbian fanatic, the Austrians, with strong German support, attacked Serbia, unleashing a general war” (Detwiler, 1999, p. 149) on Europe. This conflict is known as the First World War and it took place between 1914 and 1918. The war was contested between the Allied powers of Britain, France and the United States, which fought the Central Powers of the German, Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires. The devastation and loss of life that was caused by the war, ended with the defeat of the Central Powers, which weakened Germany and saw it subjected to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty subjected Germany to a number of economic and military restrictions, while it also saw the territories of Alsace and Lorraine annexed back to France in November 1918.
Germany recovered economically and socially from the devastation of losing the war during the subsequent decades. Indeed by the 1930’s Germany was “in the hands of a dynamic leader with unquestioning faith in himself and the ability to generate fervent loyalty in others, a man who promised to lead Germany once more to an era of prosperity, stability, strength, and respect” (Detwiler, 1999, p. 185) in the eyes of the other major world powers. Germany, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, engaged in a number of military and economic rebuilding programs after he took control of the country in 1933. These public works initiatives reduced unemployment while covertly developing the country’s military for the next major event in the history of 20th century Germany. The Second World War was caused by the Nazi invasion of Poland, and subsequent attack on other European nations in September 1939. This conflict also resulted in defeat for Germany, and subjected the country to even greater devastation and loss than the previous war. The Allies constantly bombed Germany’s industrial areas during the latter years of the war, and as such the country had to be rebuilt economically, politically and socially after the end of hostilities in 1945.
After the defeat of Hitler and the Nazis, Germany was divided between the Allies in the West and the Soviet Union in the East and as the Cold War developed between the United States and the Soviet Union, Germany became the center for a direct conflict between the two ideologies and economic systems. In West Germany and West Berlin, capitalism was the prevailing economic system that was developed under economic stimulus packages such as the Marshall Plan. In Eastern Europe under Soviet control, Communism was forced onto the populations of East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania and Bulgaria, which saw state control over socio-economic matters. Turk asserts that “each became a symbol of one of the competing political and economic systems—the free enterprise, democratic system of Western Europe, and the centrally planned Communist Party regimes of Eastern Europe” (Turk, 1999) which lasted in Eastern Europe for the next four decades.
The end of the Second World War created a political crisis in Europe during the Cold War that lasted until the collapse of Communism in 1989. After the collapse of Soviet control in East Germany the country was reunified in March 1994, and adopted the West German system of political and economic control under the Berlin/Bonn Act. Weber notes that “the merging of the GDR with the Federal Republic set aside the borders drawn up in the wake of the Second World War, while the opening of the ‘Iron Curtain’ marked the end of the Cold War in Europe” (Weber, 2004, p. 266) ensuring a new period of economic prosperity for Germany. These events led to the current economic system of capitalism being adopted right across the reunified Germany, and the current economic system in Germany is a capitalist free market economy. Indeed, Turk notes that “after the founding of the Federal Republic in West Germany in 1949, a three-power civilian High Commission replaced the military occupation government and retained considerable control” (Turk, 1999) over the economy until the eventual reunification of Germany in 1994. However, according to Weber “as early as 1991, it could no longer be overlooked that the union of the two states in reality represented only a first step in a fundamentally more complicated economic and social process of unification” (Weber, 2004, p. 268) which lasted for three more years until the communist system was abandoned completely in all of the remaining Communist Eastern European countries.
The capitalist system that is in place in Germany today reflects the history and culture of the country especially over the last century and a half. Germany has developed politically and economically since the era of empires and dictators and Ludwig Erhard was responsible for building the modern economic success, which Germany has enjoyed over the latter half of the 20th century. Ludwig Erhard the German Chancellor from 1963-1966 “insisted on a laissez-faire policy toward business and industry, a free and competitive marketplace without cartels or government regulations” (Turk, 1999, p. 148) which allowed post-war Germany to flourish. In addition to the adoption of a laissez-faire economic policy, social welfare programs were also introduced. Turk comments that “the government guaranteed the stability of the currency and provided for the security and welfare of the workers and those who were unable to work” (Turk, 1999, p. 148) which helped to strengthen Germany socially, politically and economically during the decades after the end of the war. In addition to these political initiatives to increase economic prosperity “West Germany produced industrial, consumer, and export goods that helped satisfy European demands long postponed by the war” (Turk, 1999, p. 149) ensuring that German consumer products became highly desirable in the capitalist free market economy.
Therefore, in conclusion Germany has developed into a global political and economic leader, after a century in which it suffered two heavy military defeats and had to undergo periods of rebuilding socially and politically, on numerous occasions. The most important challenges for Germany in the future as a part of the global community are that extremist governments should not be allowed to take control as Hitler did previously, and the economic success which Germany enjoys must also be maintained. In addition to these challenges Germany must also attempt to become a world leader in the development and implementation of sustainable and green technologies, which have the future of the planet in mind not just Europe.
References
Detwiler, D. S. (1999). Germany: A Short History (3rd ed.). Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois
University Press.
Turk, E. L. (1999). The History of Germany. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Weber, J. (2004). Germany, 1945-1990: A Parallel History. Budapest: Central European
University Press.