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Annotated Bibliography Engineering Discipline
Annotated Bibliography: Engineering Discipline
Topic: Outsourcing
Outsourcing is a business practice used by companies to condense costs or improve efficiency by fluctuating tasks, operations, jobs or processes to an external contracted third party for a significant period. An example for outsourcing is when a fortune 500 company decides to hire employees from a different country since the labor is cheaper. The reason why I selected this topic is because outsourcing has become prevalent in America.
Parry, G., James-Moore, M., & Graves, A. (2006). Outsourcing engineering commodity
procurement. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11(5), 436-443. 10.1108/13598540610682453
The purpose of this journal article is to provide the reader with the benefits of outsourcing the procurement function for engineering service items. Procurement is the action of obtaining or procuring something. While reading this scholarly article, my opinion on outsourcing remains the same. Nonetheless, although my opinion remains the same this article showed light to a different aspect of how outsourcing is applied into the engineering field. This article explains that outsourcing also involves migrating a staff to a service provider where their commodity procurement was a focus allowing them to offer cost savings. I can use this article in my ethical issue paper because with this information I have enough information to argue both sides and compare.
V, S. M., V, A. A., & A, K. L. (2016). The role of outsourcing and engineering in
increasing competitiveness of processing enterprises. Problemi Ekonomiki, 2, 129-135.
The purpose of this article is to prove why outsourcing is beneficial to starting a new approach to increasing the performance of enterprises operating under conditions of ambiguity and instability of the environment. This article also stated that outsourcing can lead to costs reduction to creation of value in business operations. Although my opinion on outsourcing remains the same, I am starting to see early stages of trend within the articles I’ve read so far. Thus, I will be able to use this article in my ethical issue paper.
Zirpoli, F., & Becker, M. C. (2011). The limits of design and engineering outsourcing:
Performance integration and the unfulfilled promises of modularity. R&D Management, 41(1), 21-43. 10.1111/j.1467-9310.2010.00629.xUnlike the other articles, this one shows light to the difficulties that occur with outsourcing in the engineering field. It states that although outsourcing has become very popular, firms that have outsourced design and engineering tasks often experience problems. This article backs up my original opinion by showing the limitations of outsourcing. I can use this article in my ethics issue paper.
Burdon, S., & Bhalla, A. (2005). Lessons from the untold success story:: Outsourcing
engineering and facilities management. European Management Journal, 23(5), 576-582.
This article aims to take a detailed look at the benefits sought and obtained from EFM outsourcing. EFM stands for Enterprise Facility Management. The article goes into detail the reasoning behind companies choosing to outsource. They did a study of twenty-six outsourcing contracts making up approximately fifteen percent of Australia’s EFM segment. Nonetheless, this article can be use in my ethical issue paper.
Cruz, A. M., & Rincon, A. M. R. (2012). Medical device maintenance outsourcing: Have
operation management research and management theories forgotten the medical engineering community? A mapping review. European Journal of Operational Research, 221(1), 186. 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.02.043
In this paper we look at the large body of existing research on outsourcing, and it evaluate the status of research on outsourcing the maintenance of medical devices.
It also gives attention to different ways of outsourcing such as, through mathematical models. Although this article is about outsourcing it focuses on a field that I have no interest in pursuing. Thus, I will not use this in my ethical issue paper.
Chen, L., & Tseng, Y. (2017). How it outsourcing impacts on value creation of
manufacturer? Paper presented at the , 123 00022.
10.1051/matecconf/201712300022
This article explains a growing concern among the manufacturers who are actively involved in Information Technology outsourcing. Which is post-contract management and the resultant development of what many practitioners have called the ‘outsourcing partnership’. The article also discusses that information technology outsourcing has become an extensively used and researched means for manufacturers to improve their performance. After reading this article, I’ve found another flaw within outsourcing. Which means that I will use this article in my ethical issue paper.
Hoecht, A., & Trott, P. (2006). Innovation risks of strategic outsourcing. Technovation,
26(5), 672-681. 10.1016/j.technovation.2005.02.004
This is another article that helps support my opinion. By saying that although outsourcing is derived from the logic of cost saving, but it has now developed into a routine strategic management move that affects not only peripheral functions but the heart of the competitive core of organizations. This paper also investigates the innovation-related jeopardies that can rise from strategic outsourcing and adopts a trust, collaboration and network perspective for this analysis. This article is beneficial to my opinion so I can use this article in my ethical issue paper.
Gonzalez, R., Gasco, J., & Llopis, J. (2006). Information systems offshore outsourcing: A
descriptive analysis. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 106(9), 1233-1248. 10.1108/02635570610712555
This article breaks down the study of information systems offshore outsourcing. They proposed three steps which are: weighing up the advantages and risks of offshore outsourcing; analyzing the taxonomy of this phenomenon; and determining its current geography. The article also gives a solution. That conclusions suggest that the range of potential offshore outsourcing destinations must be widened and that the search for a provider cannot be based exclusively on cost savings. Which supports my original opinion, thus I can us this article in my ethical issue paper.
Annotated Bibliography- Effects of Technology
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Annotated Bibliography- Effects of Technology
Akram, Waseem, and Rekesh Kumar. “A study on positive and negative effects of social media on society.” International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering 5.10 (2017): 347-354.
The source is relevant to the topic for several reasons. The first is that it examines several negative effects of technology on society today. Second, the article is recent as it was published in 2017 in reputable journal, the International Journal of Computer Sciences. Social media has been a big part of technology, and many people have talked about the effects of social media. The article focuses specifically on social media which gives an in-depth perspective of its effects on society in general.
Berryman, Chloe, Christopher J. Ferguson, and Charles Negy. “Social media use and mental health among young adults.” Psychiatric quarterly 89.2 (2018): 307-314.
Social media has significant impact on mental health, especially with young people. The article examines the effects of social media on young people’s health by studying 467 young people using social media. The study found some negative effects including suicidal tendencies, loneliness, and decreased empathy. The article is relevant because it is quite recent and published in the Psychiatric Quarterly. It gives a comprehensive analysis on how social media affects the mental health of young people.
Employer Sponsored Children Facility- Kennedy Robinson Medical Facility
Employer Sponsored Children Facility- Kennedy Robinson Medical Facility
Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209175” Introduction PAGEREF _Toc379209175 h 1
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209176” Proposed Research Topic PAGEREF _Toc379209176 h 1
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209177” Purpose and Objectives PAGEREF _Toc379209177 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209178” Background PAGEREF _Toc379209178 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209179” Significance PAGEREF _Toc379209179 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209180” Research Description PAGEREF _Toc379209180 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209181” Methodology PAGEREF _Toc379209181 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc379209182” Limitations PAGEREF _Toc379209182 h 5
IntroductionEmployee productivity has long been affected by family issues, especially those related to children, and more specifically young children who require constant adult attention (Connelly & DeGraff, 2004). For that reason, employers have always been faced with the problems of having to ensure that women employees are not affected by their children and other family problems when at work. Employers are forced to deal with issues such as absenteeism, lack of morale and decreased productivity, which come about as a result of imbalance between work and family. This then begs the question of how employers can successfully ensure a work/family balance for their employees, as well as, for the benefit of the organization. Employers in different organizations are, therefore, considering the possibility of employer-based children facility that is aimed at ensuring more productivity by providing childcare services for their parenting employees (Evans, 2007). Providing an employer-Sponsored childcare Facility allows employees to attend to their children, as well as, perform accordingly in their respective workstations. With this strategy, companies can set a particular time for the female employees to attend to the needs of their children, as well as, provide a different time to work.
Proposed Research TopicThis paper proposes the establishment of an Employer Sponsored Children Facility for the Kennedy Robinson Medical Facility. Accordingly, this proposal is aimed at investigating the significance of the Employer Sponsored Children Facility for both employees and employers in the organization.
Purpose and ObjectivesThe key goal of this study is to observe the implications of developing an Employer Sponsored Children facility for the Kennedy Robinson Medical Facility. Fundamentally, this goal has been categorized into the following sub-objectives
To examine how the Employer Sponsored Children Facility will increase family time for employees of Kennedy Robinson Medical Centre.
To investigate how this facility will ensure an increase in productivity for employees of Kennedy Robinson Medical Centre.
To identify the various ways in which the establishment of an employer sponsored children facility will improve the company’s image, thus assuring the company of more productive employees.
BackgroundResearch studies illustrates that a considerable number of employers offer childcare services for their employees. Accordingly, these organizations recorded a tremendous change in employee productivity and morale, thus prompting the need for a development of policies to improve the services offered in these facilities. One of the suggested policy changes include the possibility of having organizations sponsor these childcare facilities to promote commitment to both work and family by employees (Klein, 2004). Most organizations believe that having a work-site childcare facility is essential for assuring apposite job performance by employees. this is because such childcare facility will assist in promoting job retention, as well as, improve employee morale and perseverance in various different ways. Accordingly, company employees will have their morale boosted on condition that they are provided with a work environment that supports a work design, which integrates the needs of families, especially those related to childcare. Accordingly, these facilities are also associated with instilling a sense of employee job allegiance, which is known to decrease employee output in the company. In relation to employee morale and productivity, employees gain confidence in organizations that provide the required childcare facilities. Additionally, these employees believe that organizations which will encourage, as opposed to, interfering with access to childcare. The establishment of an employer sponsored childcare facility will not only improve the effectiveness of the organization, it will also reduce monotony in the workplace, and thus, boost employees drive in the workplace (Klein, 2004). Conclusively, the establishment of an employer sponsored childcare facility has also been associated with increasing employee dedication, as it automatically increases the diverse opportunities created by employer-sponsored childcare.
SignificanceThe establishment of an employee sponsored childcare facility will assist organizations, specifically the Kennedy Robinson Medical Centre to increase employee productivity in their organization. This study will provide insight on the relationship between employee motivation and productivity and the provision of childcare services for company employees. This study will be specifically aimed at women, especially those with young children as they are identified as the group that is mostly affected by family issues. Sequentially, this study will also assist in comprehending the factors that make this group of employees prone to lack of morale that is brought on by family problems. Specifically, the study will promote the balance between work and family life for employees, which will in turn benefit the organization. Conclusively, the study will allow the comprehension of how effective the establishment of employer sponsored childcare facilities will be to organizations.
Research DescriptionFor this research study to be completed accordingly, there is need for various types of research to be conducted so as to gain the information required for the study. Both qualitative and quantitative research studies will be carried out to identify the impact of the employer sponsored childcare facility on employee productivity in the workplace. More specifically, the research studies to be carried out will integrate a variety of studies including desk research which will involve literary research studies on the issues related to employee motivation and productivity. These studies will assist in the comprehension of the impact of childcare facilities on employee motivation and productivity in the workplace.
MethodologyBecause the Kennedy Robinson Foundation is the company of choice for this study, there is no need for the selection of samples for this study. At the outset, an observation will be carried out to determine the morale and productivity of employees in the workplace. Accordingly, a childcare centre will be established, and specifically funded by the Kennedy Robinson Medical Centre. All employees having young children will, sequentially, be asked to sign up their children into the childcare facility. Another observation will be carried out on the morale and productivity of these employees. Additionally, an interview will be carried out before and after the establishment of the childcare facility, involving both employees and managers in the organization on the impact of the facility on the organization.
LimitationsEmployee morale and productivity are reliant on a number of factors in the workplace. This study assumes lack of work/family balance as the key factor that affects employee productivity. This can be a limit to the study as the employees’ productivity in Kennedy Robinson Medical Centre may be affected by other factors, hence affecting the results in the study. For that reason, the study cannot fully estimate the reasons behind the lack of motivation and low productivity in Kennedy Robinson medical centre, hence cannot draw a clear conclusion on the reasons behind this.
References
C C H, Incorporated (2004). US master employee befits guide. New York: CCH Incorporated.
Connelly, R., & DeGraff, D.(2004). Kids at work: the value of employer-sponsored on-site
childcare centers. New York: W.E. Upjohn Institute, 2004.
Edwards, J. (2009). The new Business Environments. New York, NY: 2009.
Evans, H. (2007). The New Child Care: Options For Employers. New York: Business Books.
Klein, A. (2004). The debate over childcare, 1969-1990: A socio-historical analysis. Texas:
SUNY Press.