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State Of Nature Versus The State Of War
State Of Nature Versus The State Of War
In Locke’s description, he explains “State of nature” to be a state of equality or a political philosophy that describes the human life condition that has no laws, the state in which nobody has influence over another, and because of this, one is free to do anything he/she would wish to do. According to Locke, he argues out that it is rather easy for him to define the meaning of political power by firstly explaining what the states of nature mean. Locke notes that, liberty to people does not allow anyone to take advantage of abusing other people, and that, the natural law to people still exists and gets surrounded by the state of nature. Everyone surrounded by the state of nature has got powers of executing natural laws, which is universal to all people. Locke posits that the proof of natural law lies in the fact that someone cannot sensibly be under power of the foreign king if that person commit any crime in the foreign country, the person can still get punishment. Locke argues that, the natural law merely demands that retribution fit the crime. Therefore, any person surrounded by the nature state is capable of redressing crimes so as to discourage those offended from doing the same. Locke summarized by insisting that all individuals are in the nature state until an agreement connecting them is making them members of the political society.
Locke, Second Treatise of Government
Conversely, in the Second Government Treatise, Locke rises beyond specific political situations described to coherent theory of political government, which is liberal and based on the property of the individual sanctity as well as states of nature. In his argument to states of nature, he notes that, no one has got control over one another, therefore, the natural laws fully rules plus renders all people to be equal, and everyone holds an executive power of the usual law. Locke’s philosophies include various assumptions and the first assumption are that, the common law gotten from the theory of justice which involves different sets of rights and no one would have “rights” in the absence of moral set of laws that are applicable to the human actions, nor there would be no principle of “just” retribution. Locke regularly uses the term “right” to conscience as well as to calm reasons, which tries to express his assumptions regarding morality and justice.
Strangely enough, Locke, who is the leading Treatise novelist as well as, a political philosopher had a comparatively cautious correlation with the language. His incredibly famous Essay Concerning the Human Understanding is all concerning language, furthermore states the notion that language used when one wants to convey his/her ideas plus meanings. Locke’s Second Treatise somehow was easy when reading because he gets to move easily and directly from one point to another. Locke happens not to be a rhetorician; however, he only plays with languages so as to compel the reader, Locke states his thoughts as being strong and clear. He remarks on the Preface “railing” responses to his own work will never refute his ideas, but only the rational arguments will. Locke’s simplicity of his writing gives out his own ideas the sense of compelling and observing clarity, which in most cases causes an individual in overlooking the flaws in his philosophy.
State of Marriage and Family Today
State of Marriage and Family Today
Student’s Name
Institution
State of Marriage and Family Today
Marriage and family are among the fundamental structures in the society. Things are much different in today’s state of marriage and family compared to the traditional customs. The conditions lead to different reasoning and definition of this primary social element depending on the beliefs and the environment in which a person is grown. Marriage can be regarded as the social bond between two individuals that is lawfully acknowledged in the society, and traditionally it implies coming together permanently based on sexual affiliation as well as affection. The two are interconnected as marriage brings about a family. Family can be defined as an economic unit in the society that is formed by a legally recognized group in the regards blood bond, adoption or emotion. According to the precise research conducted it is clear that the state of marriage and family today in the society is fair. In this paper, the stand of family and marriage being fair is elaborated into a profound extent as well as the typical themes found in various research articles regarding the topic of discussion.
The matter concerning marriages and families are contradictory and are continuing to be inconsistent as days move. Considering the traditional perspectives regarding marriage it has to be strictly between a spouse that is a wife and a husband even though some cultures allows polygamy. It is also the case with religions in the community. Today, these customs and beliefs seem not to work where people mind more about their business and the issues of customary-marriage, single parents and same-sex marriage are trending and have become a way of life (Brown, et.al 2015). Many young people have developed a phobia that nowadays marriages do not work in the society, and they end up preferring to be unmarried even if they will have to establish a family. The common factor of o family is believed to be children being the main reason why even same-sex individuals can comfortably adopt children and began a family.
The techniques applied in conducting the research include both qualitative and quantitative where interviews and survey methodologies were used respectively. Among the general questions regarding the state of marriage and family today were; what is the purpose of marriage? Why do many couples in the society prefer unmarried families? What are the primary components or requirements of a family? What kind of family do they prefer? Moreover, who should be the leader of a family? Regarding the purpose, if the marriage there were different responses such as for the reason of sharing responsibility, need of having a companion as well as doing it just because it is a stage in life where one needs to start a family. The majority were to start a family and sharing responsibilities.
Furthermore, the respondents stated that many people prefer unmarried families because of the divorce figure in the enormously increased. It makes many young people fear marriage and decide whether to start single families or live in customary marriages. Also, regarding the essential part of a family was concluded to be children. Considering the responses a family whether married, single, unmarried or same-sex marriage the essential thing is children whether adopted or born by the spouses. A significant percentage of the interviewees agreed that the bond of a family is kept healthy by the children and the core purpose of beginning a family has children. Many were against the traditional belief that father is the head of the family saying that both couples have the responsibility of making sure that the things are running on well. For instance, consider the case of a single parent or same-sex marriage which is legalized, who can be the head? The single parent will take all the responsibilities, and the same-sex partners will share the responsibilities in the family (Cherlin, 2010).
The common themes discussed in the related articles concerns same-sex marriage legalization changes from the tradition marriage ways and self-dependence as the hindrance of marriage today. Many instances regarding marriages and family have raised in the society where different groups such as same-sex marriage institutions are fighting for their rights and recognition as well as the single parents and unmarried ones. Change is inevitable, and people have to adopt it as generations come. The state of marriage and family today there is a significant variance compared to the traditional customs. People are fighting for independence regarding relationship issues as they are much concerned with their living standards and well-being and not affectionate as well as cultural beliefs. A small percentage of people remains in the religious boundaries where the marriage should be of opposite-sex couples, marriage should be carried on the recognized institutions, and same-sex marriage is regarded as immoral and is wholly condemned (Gates, 2015).
According to the discussion above, it is clear that the state of marriage and family today is fair. People have the right to choose among which bracket to fit and which form of marriage to prefer. Divorce has been a significant threat to the society which is bringing about family instabilities and lousy upbringing of the children. Therefore, it is the responsibility of marriage institutions as well as the public at the individual level to deal with it to make sure that it stops spreading to the coming generations. Family as an economic unit in the society enhances the social-economic well-being of the community. Hence, it should be treated with the respect it deserves, and it is everybody’s responsibility to curb the unethical evils that are ruining it.
References
Brown, S. L., Manning, W. D., & Stykes, J. B. (2015). Family structure and child well‐being: Integrating family complexity. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77(1), 177-190.
Cherlin, A. J. (2010). The marriage-go-round: The state of marriage and the family in America today. Vintage.
Gates, G. J. (2015). Marriage and family: LGBT individuals and same-sex couples. The Future of Children, 25(2), 67-87.
Brown, S. L., Manning, W. D., & Stykes, J. B. (2015). Family structure and child well‐being: Integrating family complexity. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77(1), 177-190.
Hip Hop Music Industry
The Hip-Hop Culture
Name
Course
Institution
Hip Hop Music Industry
Introduction
Hip-hop music has gained popularity in the modern generation because it has evolved and accomplished to have an impact on the society. As it originated from the United States, this music genre has been liked by most youths across the world because of the artists and quality of music produced. The hip-hop industry has had a significant impact on the United States society and has instilled character changes. Those from the olden days viewed hip-hop music with arrogance because they believed that such repetitive rhythm prevalent in this music industry and the limited use of peace and harmony formed a popular music genre that was inferior (Boyer, 2016). These perceptions hindered the development and the success of the hip-hop music because people undermined it and linked it to unethical behavior that was against the values and morals of the society. Americans, however, managed to intensify this music industry despite the numerous challenges and they managed to shape it to where it stands in the global music industry.
Characteristics of Hip Hop music that Contribute to the negative connotation
In present-day United States society, hip-hop music has acquired negative implications based on the various components it portrays. At first, it is essential to note that hip-hop is very aggressive. This can be seen in the videos they produce. Moreover, the hip-hop songs are bellicosely composed, recorded, and performed by artists who even use abusive language. The use of sexually explicit language, as well as lyrics, is a clear indication that this music genre is violent. As a result, it instills violent behavior, especially among the youths (Boyer, 2016). The United States, most teens listen to this type of music because it is theirs to be proud of. This has given them a different attitude and behavior because they see the violent videos and imitate these artists by becoming violent and using explicit language.
This has demoralized the American society because children are growing up in an environment that spreads enticing sexual language and violent behavior. There has been a debate that tries to identify whether hip hop and rap are similar things because people often divide themselves since they grew in different eras (Taylor, 2016). The Americans who flourished during the traditional rap era have different perceptions regarding the modern day hip-hop music because it is far different from their culture. As a result, they condemn modern hip-hop because it spreads messages of drug abuse, violent and sexual behavior. The traditional rap music was not abusive nor did it insult others because they are more successful or competitive. Instead, the traditional hip-hop songs spread the messages of peace and love (Hall, 2017). This helped the Americans to understand the meaning of brotherhood and exercise ethical behavior and responsibility assisting them to live peacefully.
Another visual characteristic is that hip-hop gives the MC the opportunity to be the storyteller in a particular hip-hop track. The MC’s use this chance to spread their abusive message to the audience where most of them express personal emotions. In this case, the MC may sing, but the lyrics could be referring to another famous hip-hop artist (Bradley, 2017). The hip-hop kings and queens have enhanced the creation of a society that differs in ideologies and music quality (Bradley, 2017). The American culture has imitated these rap artists by insulting others just because they have different ideas or varying achievement. Most of the youths in the United States are familiar with abusive language because their parents and guardians also use explicit terms when conversing. The American style is full of unremarkable utterances where the young and the old use offensive terms to refer to others as it is the norm with hip-hop music. This has, therefore, led to an increase in negative connotation on hip-hop music in the modern American society. The American community has disliked the new hip-hop music because it has instilled behavioral change and violent behavior.
The modern hip-hop industry is perceived to be gang-related. This means that most famous artists have created and developed music cults where they sign their own personnel. This has led the American society to create negative connotations towards this music genre because the youth have started a new trend of forming gangs or cults. These gangs and cults facilitate violent behavior where the teens are subjected to immorality in the society. These gangs form their respective territories, and they keep the community in fear because they engage in various activities that include theft, fights in streets, assassinations, as well as robbery (Taylor, 2016). These gangs operate with money and this shows that they ensure that they get sufficient funds to function efficiently and effectively. This has increased crime activities in most parts of the United States because these cults have developed the tendency of disturbing the peace of the country. The favorite hip-hop artists are linked to different gangs or cults that pretend to produce music but also engage in unethical behavior. The youth seem to imitate this behavior, and this has become a reality to them and the public in general.
Hip-hop music supports alcohol and drug abuse. This is evident in most rap songs of the modern society. In most music videos, artists and background personnel can be seen spreading messages that support drugs such as cocaine and weed. Some rappers use these substances in their music tracks, and this has provoked a mixture of reactions. Americans have perceived this as unethical behavior based on the fact that most youths in the country are familiar with this music (Boyer, 2016). It is the top music genre in the world currently, and the productions of this music industry have received an enormous fan base. There are hip-hop fans not only in the United States but also in the different corners of the world. Therefore, when the rappers illustrate unethical behavior, the fans are at risk of imitating them and engaging in activities such as alcohol and drug abuse. Some hip-hop songs are used to advertise some alcoholic drinks, and this gives the audience a chance to try these products. This shows that Americans have been subjected to hip-hop culture and they have ended up changing their behavior based on what they see on their TVs or other digital gadgets.
Hip-hop also utilizes graffiti paintings, and this has facilitated the development of a trend in American society. Various graffiti paintings have been posted on walls, and they focus on sending specific messages to their targets. This varies from death threats, warnings, insults, as well as the destruction of property (Boyer, 2016). As a result, most of the victims have ignored and criticized modern day hip-hop music because it has been the determinant of the emergence of such behavior. People have destroyed property because they are jealous and do not appreciate the efforts or achievement of other individuals. This music industry, therefore, has instilled change in attitude and behavior, as well as emotions, amongst most American youths and they have indeed exercised unethical behavior. The negative connotations about the hip-hop music sector have increased, and this should be evaluated because it might affect their business.
Conclusion
In the United States, hip-hop has been appreciated and evaluated by most citizens where there has arisen a mixture of reactions. Rap music has castigated changes in behavior, attitudes, feelings, as well as emotions. The youths and teens have developed the tendency of imitating the hip-hop culture that is believed to be annoying and misleading. A higher percentage of the children especially those that are attending college and university have started acting and speaking the hip-hop language which is abusive and explicit. This behavior has led to the development of an immoral society that operates unethically and violently (Pough, 2015). It is important to criticize and condemn this developing trend in the American culture because it compromises the sustainability of our future generations. This trend should be absconded because it will lure our proud society and lead the people towards immorality. Ethics should be considered in the hip-hop music industry to avoid bringing further negative consequences to the community at large. In the United States, it is believed that the society changes behavior as a result of the images and videos that they see in the music and film industry. The development and prevalence of violent behavior have been associated with hip-hop music because it is one of the critical characteristics of this genre.
References
Alim, H. S., Ibrahim, A., & Pennycook, A. (Eds.). (2008). Global linguistic flows: Hip hop cultures, youth identities, and the politics of language. Routledge.
Boyer, H. (2016). Hip hop in the United States. Reference & User Services Quarterly, 55(3), 215.
Bradley, A. (2017). Book of rhymes: The poetics of hip hop. Civitas Books.
Hall, H. B. (2017). Deeper than Rap: Expanding Conceptions of Hip-hop Culture and Pedagogy in the English Language Arts Classroom. Research in the Teaching of English, 51(3), 341.
Pough, G. D. (2015). Check it while I wreck it: Black womanhood, hip-hop culture, and the public sphere. Northeastern University Press.
Taylor, K. D. (2016). Pop, Hip Hop, and” Empire”, Study of a New Pedagogical Approach in a Developmental Reading and English Class. Gardner-Webb University.
