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Romantic Movement
Romanticism
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Romantic Movement
Romanticism was the artistic, Literary and philosophical movement that began in the 18th century and went until the mid-19th century. In its passionate view on the personal awareness, it included persistence of and a response towards Enlightenment. Romanticism highlighted on the individual, the illogical, the subjective, the personal, the creative, the transcendental, the spontaneous, the emotional and the visionary. Alongside its attitude were extended positive receptions of the beauties of nature, general happiness in emotion over reason and of the senses over intelligence. The rotating is upon the heightened assessment of human personality and oneself, an obsession with the hero, the genius, and the exceptional figure.
The original view of the artist as an extremely individual creator, and an accent on imagination as a gateway to inspiring experience and spiritual truth as well as consuming interest in ethnic natural cultural origins and folk culture, with the medieval period; and a first choice for the appealing, the occult, the strange, the weird, the isolated, the monstrous, the contaminated, the satanic and the Transcendentalism and Classicism (Shelley 1881).
Impact of romanticism on politics and culture
When Mary Shelley talks of ghost stories she talks about Prometheus who is in jail for stealing fire and she wishes for him to be released from his punishment to come and overthrow Zeus the current ruler in the time. Prometheus disregards social norms and society were change if he was released. The narrative remains as a warning sign for contemporary political theorist anxious about the consequences of a highly nationalized, illegitimate form of powers. In this study, Mary Shelley Frankenstein presents a full Promethean basis on political readings. Prometheus and two Titans did not undergo sentencing in Tartarus after Zeus won since they sided with him. Zeus loves punishing people since he is ruling while Prometheus always thinks of saving mankind. Prometheus had been a symbol of the revolutionaries, the emblem of anticipation for a better future, could not become the symbol of victory over dictator.
The uprising brought about shifting from dominions to social equality through violent revolutions for instance when Prometheus challenges past Divine Imperatives of the rulers (Shelley 1881).
Romantic ideas popular at this time
This age of Romanticism is the time that the writer’s popular ideas went from reasoning Age to imaginative ideas. The ideas were transformed all through this time for various motives, including the Industrial Revolution in England, the French Revolution and many other things that affected the society. A good example when there was use of imagination was, with Frankenstein with Mary Shelly, a great author of the Romantic Age (Shelley 1881).
Romanticism a reaction against industrialization and the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment highlighted on balanced thoughts, scientific methodology and consistent presumptions that seem soulless, and cold too many stranded in the early traditions, resulting in a response that turned back to emotional themes of nature, the theology of life, human sensitiveness called Romanticism. The political revolutions of the era were encouraged by Enlightenment thoughts; however personal stories of various people delayed in the revolutions were possible topics for romantic plays, novels, and operas. As the industrial revolution surpassed the lives of many people, Romanticism gave a means of emotional and rational escape from the harsh realities. The Industrial Revolution takes root in England and Germany fueled in part by its coherent culture, and by its immense coal reserves. As a result, also Romanticism begins from the same countries, and they are transformed from rural to urban (Shelley 1881).
Reference
Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein: The Modern Prometheus. London: Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor & Jones, 1881. ISBN 0-8018-4218-2. (Accessed November 29, 2013).
Health disparities
Health disparities refer to the inequalities or inequities related to health outcomes or healthcare. In the United States, health is a critical aspect of life for all people, yet health differences between populations exist. Specifically, health disparities exist to a greater degree among vulnerable populations and with the current socio-political climate. Among these vulnerable groups are men who have sex with fellow men. This paper reviews the distribution of conditions and disparities in different U.S. metropolitan areas, highlighting general health and socioeconomic factors impacting those living in each region. This article will also describe socioeconomic, social mobility, culture, discrimination, religion, education, and systematic oppression. It will also elaborate on why this group faces these issues. It also looks at how the system can be amended for this particular group to overcome their healthcare disparities. The article concludes by identifying ways interested individuals, such as nurses, can contribute to reducing health disparities across regions of the United States.
There are various health care issues that men who have sex with men and gay men. This group tends to acquire various sexually transmitted diseases, especially HIV/AIDs. Gay men are at a higher risk of contracting the virus that causes AIDS (Carnes, 2016). Heterosexuals are ten times more likely to contract Syphilis, Herpes, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydia than gays. Homophobia has been shown to prevent gay men from accessing the care that they need, thus increasing the risk of disease transmission. HIV is a primary concern among gay and bisexual communities in the United States. HIV is a significant cause of death among gay men. The CDC reports that in 2007 over 10,000 people had died of AIDS-related complications in the U.S. Of this number, 83% were gay men (DiNenno et al., 2018). Men who have sex with men and their families face many similar health issues as heterosexual couples, such as depression, domestic violence, and heart disease.
Gay older men rarely see a doctor because they do not want their sexual orientation exposed. The only time they will see a doctor is when they are sick. Therefore, they are unaware of any health risks or conditions that could lead to their deaths. This leads to the birth of further health disparities. Gay men having sex with men also have a higher risk of transmitting HIV than those who have sex with women. Therefore, gay HIV patients are often denied treatment or medications doctors recommend because they cannot provide insurance coverage (Zeeman et al., 2019).
The increased depression and domestic violence rate make it hard for gay men to seek health care. According to the Journal of Family Violence, Gay men face increased rates of depression, eating disorders, and self-destructive behavior (Prescott et al., 2021). Researchers have found that gay men are more likely to suffer from insomnia. In addition, the profound emotional distress associated with HIV status disclosure among gay men may further contribute to increased risk for insomnia”. Homophobia has also been linked to rising rates of suicide in gays and lesbians. Homophobia is discrimination against groups like gays or lesbians. It increases their vulnerability to depression and thoughts of suicide.
In the United States, this group of people also faces the challenge of discrimination. According to The Center of American Progress (2009), “the LGBT community faces discrimination in many areas including employment, the judicial system, and everyday transactions in health care, housing, and public accommodations (Cook, 2009).” Researchers have found that men who have sex with men are less likely to report an HIV-positive status to their doctor. They also say that gays are more likely to delay seeking medical help when needed. One researcher says that “gay men postpone health care because they fear discrimination from doctors, a factor linked not only to sexual orientation but also physical development” (Cook, 2009).
Gay men from all over the U.S. face oppression from conservative religious groups in their local areas. They are often subject to rejection from these churches or their families. Most religions have a negative view of homosexuality, which has led to the church rejecting homosexuals in the community. According to The Religious Congregations and Membership Study (2008), 20% of religious groups are against gay marriage. These groups contribute to the health disparities among gay men in America (Sherkat et al., 2010). In many communities, homosexuality is seen as immoral and unacceptable by people of different religious backgrounds, especially conservative Christians. Due to this religious oppression, many gay men have difficulty coming out of the closet and facing family and friends due to fear of rejection, discrimination, and violence.
This group also faces social mobility issues. Gay men or men who have sex with men who are 12 to 30 years old tend to be more educated than heterosexual men (Greenaway et al., 2020). Gay men have a higher college completion rate than heterosexual males. According to a study, gay boys and young adults are more likely to graduate high school, continue their education, and finish college. Gay adolescents have an equal opportunity of completing high school as the average heterosexual youth, but they are less likely to continue their education after graduation. When gay men reach adulthood, and after marriage, they tend to be able to maintain their status as full-fledged members of the middle class (Greenaway et al., 2020).
Gay men also combat socioeconomic and cultural challenges. According to the Journal of Marriage and Family, “gay men who are not in relationships report more social isolation and less contact with family members.” Men who have sex with men generally express a desire to have their children. Many gay men want children to fulfill the role of parenting and as an expression of love for another person. Gay couples are less likely than heterosexual couples to have children by choice (Greenaway et al., 2020). These two facts put them at risk of experiencing economic hardships in the United States because they cannot easily support a family.
The gay community has been known to face discrimination in other areas, such as corporations within the state. In a study done by the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, they found that 63% of companies within the United States state express intolerance towards gay employees (Quinn et al., 2019). In short, this group of people faces discrimination in many areas, including employment, family, health, and life. This form of violence reminds us that the LGBT community continues to face societal challenges and prejudices. It also shows how no matter what their sexual orientation is or what other challenges they have faced in their lives, they continue to be resilient and achieve more success in life.
Another reason gay men and men who have sex with other men face various challenges is the stigma attached to sexual orientation. Some people and organizations are not aware of the importance they must play towards ending these different health disparities. The government has a role as well, some schools have implemented sex education programs to decrease these disparities, and people like Andrew Sullivan, who educates society on gay rights, are contributing to the cause (Morgan et al., 2018).
Everyone has someone they can advocate for their cause, which is vital because there’s always someone who will support them and fight for them. In addition, the stigma attached to gay men and men who have sex with other men has caused a lot of people to be discriminated against, which led to the deaths of many gay men and men who have sex with other men. The health disparities between gay men and men who have sex with other men will continue if different individuals do not take these actions (Morgan et al., 2018). In addition, many insurance companies have denied coverage for many things people use daily. This is because these individuals do not identify themselves to be straight. Because they do not identify as straight, they are left without health care coverage, ultimately leading to their death.
The system, especially the healthcare system, can undertake various changes for this particular group to overcome healthcare disparities for gay men and men who have sex with other men in the United States. For one, more intensive public health promotion campaigns targeting gay men and men who have sex with other men should be established to deal with the high-risk behaviors (Yeung et al., 2019). Regarding the lack of screening practices, additional research needs to be conducted on how these health care disparities can be overcome specifically for this group. These are some of the many ways the system can change for this particular group to improve their health care status.
As a nurse, I can assist this demographic now that you are aware of the varying health circumstances in the United States by promoting healthy behavior while providing information on where they can seek preventive services and health screenings. Nurses are often in contact with male patients practicing higher-risk behaviors. By establishing a rapport, nurses can educate patients on the importance of preventive screenings such as prostate cancer. I will be able to help this group since I am aware of the varying health circumstances in the United States through my research for this assignment. Although many gay men and men who have sex with other men are fully aware of the health disparities, others are unaware of their risks and vulnerabilities. To start addressing these concerns, it is crucial to understand how these disparities have arisen in the first place. Hence, it is essential for gay men and men who have sex with other men to go for their health screenings early since the earlier one can be referred for treatment, the better.
References
Carnes, N. (2016). Gay men and men who have sex with men: Intersectionality and syndemics. Understanding the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, 43-69.
Cook, P. W. (2009). Abused men: The hidden side of domestic violence. ABC-CLIO.
DiNenno, E. A., Prejean, J., Delaney, K. P., Bowles, K., Martin, T., Tailor, A., … & Lansky, A. (2018). Evaluating the evidence for more frequent than annual HIV screening of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in the United States: results from a systematic review and CDC expert consultation. Public Health Reports, 133(1), 3-21.
Greenaway, C., Hargreaves, S., Barkati, S., Coyle, C. M., Gobbi, F., Veizis, A., & Douglas, P. (2020). COVID-19: Exposing and addressing health disparities among ethnic minorities and migrants. Journal of travel medicine, 27(7), taaa113.
Morgan, J., Ferlatte, O., Salway, T., Wilton, J., & Hull, M. (2018). Awareness of, interest in, and willingness to pay for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among Canadian gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 109(5), 791-799.
Prescott, A., Alcala, M., & Nakamura, N. (2021). Structural stigma and LGBTQ PoC health. In Heart, Brain and Mental Health Disparities for LGBTQ People of Color (pp. 149-160). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Quinn, K., Bowleg, L., & Dickson-Gomez, J. (2019). “The fear of being Black plus the fear of being gay”: The effects of intersectional stigma on PrEP use among young Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Social science & medicine (1982), 232, 86.
Sherkat, D. E., De Vries, K. M., & Creek, S. (2010). Race, religion, and opposition to same‐sex marriage. Social Science Quarterly, 91(1), 80-98.
Yeung, H., Luk, K. M., Chen, S. C., Ginsberg, B. A., & Katz, K. A. (2019). Dermatologic care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons: terminology, demographics, health disparities, and approaches to care. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 80(3), 581-589.
Zeeman, L., Sherriff, N., Browne, K., McGlynn, N., Mirandola, M., Gios, L., … & Health4LGBTI Network Taibjee Rafik Toskin Igor Jonas Kai van Der Veur Dennis Allen Odhrán Troussier Thierry De Sutter Petra. (2019). A review of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) health and healthcare inequalities. European journal of public health, 29(5), 974-980.
Romanticism and its Evolution Today
Romanticism and its Evolution Today
Romanticism and philosophical orientation were prevalent attitudes in literature, art, music, and architecture from the late eighteenth century to the mid-nineteenth century, as well as in literary criticism and historical historiography of the time. “The classical elements that represent order, serenity, congruence, equilibrium, idealism, and reasonableness are in direct contrast of Romanticism” (Fussell). A key component of Romanticism was the importance placed on the individual, as well as the subjective, irrational, and creative aspects of human experience (Fussell). Overall, romanticism could be termed as a fantasy world, one that was so different from real life, yet was able to create admiration and allow people to imagine a world beyond the realms of what was available, albeit with different meaning and interpretations to different people, artists, literature, and other areas of life. Artists, poets, heroes, sculptors, protagonists in film, and other realms of life applied romanticism to create a parallel world. This essay argues that Romanticism has not changed from the 19th century emphasis on inspiration, individuality, primacy of the relationship between humans and their world, and subjectivity.
Romanticism has a number of distinct features, including the following: higher regard for the beauties of nature (Eliot); a preference for feelings over reason and the emotions over intellect (Lewis); a concentration on the inner life of people, including their emotions and mental capacities; a fascination with the genius, the hero, and the extraordinary character in general; a more in-depth look into the moods and personalities of people (Lawrence). Another key feature of romanticism, as noted by Fussell and Lawrence is the attitude regarding death and dying, a concept depicted as of no consequence to the protagonists and hero. “The hero and those he confronts are adept at antithetical reasonings” (Fussell). One notable issue is that romantic mortal attitude created a fantasy world where death was a force sealing social inequalities. Mortality and the process of death, from a protagonist point of view, in literature, film, poetry, and architecture, forced the individual to consider beyond the self and to think of the greater good.
Romanticism, from an English point of view in the 20th century depicted the intricate balance between life and loss. For example, in The Waste Land, Eliot discusses loss and the human concept of brokenness. Romanticism, in this case emerges where Eliot, in a number of occasions, alludes to World War I suggesting that the global conflict had a significant role to play in establishing emotional, social, and psychological collapse. The individuals that Eliot mentions, including Lil, a mother of five whose miserable marital life is a point of gossip in a London bar, all lead unsatisfying lives, and whose connections are devoid of intimacy and deeper significance. In another example of romanticism, Lawrence’s “The Rocking Horse Winner” creates a hero through the tale of a little child who aspires to alleviate his family’s money woes by properly forecasting the result of horseracing. He accomplishes this accomplishment by riding his miniature rocking horse for long till he attains clairvoyance. The hero, in this aspect, has special and unusual qualities that are beyond reason and logic, with a role to save a financial situation.
Currently, Romanticism is present in a wide range of movies, TV shows, literary works, entertainment, and various forms of art. Whether it is an emphasis on the everlasting forces of nature or how people feel when they see a certain medium, modern society is full of Romanticism in the literary sense. In the art world, Romanticism gave artists an innovative ability to engage with artwork. They could not only encapsulate the intensity of human consciousness, but they could also seize this humanity with the strength of multiple senses including form and color, which was a new perspective. Personal opinion dictates that Romanticism continues to be a movement that began and literature that stresses originality, individuality, and the centrality and importance of the person, even in the modern period.
In summary, the discussion shows that Romanticism still harbors the same aspects and features it did in the 19th century. The focus of artists in literature, film, short stories, poetry, and other artworks still have elements of Romanticism that focus on showing the world and the people from their interconnection, differences, balance, harmony, and the overall symmetry that these relationships create. Various authors discussed share this point of view, discussing the beauty of nature, death, mortality, human life, and how there is an intricate balance between these issues. overall, Romanticism is still alive and today focuses on emotions, intuition, and feelings.
Work Cited
Eliot, Thomas Stearns. The Waste Land 1922. Grolier Club, 1964.
Fussell, Paul. The Great War and modern memory. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2000.
Lawrence, David Herbert. The rocking-horse winner. Dramatic Publishing, 1966.
Lewis, Wyndham. The Ideal Giant: The Code of a Herdsman; Cantelman’s Spring-mate. Shield and Spring, 1917.