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American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principle of Integrity
American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principle of Integrity
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American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principle of Integrity
The American Psychological Association’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct consist of general principles that guide psychologists towards the highest ideals of psychology (PSYCHOLOGISTS, 2016). The principles guide psychologists in applying ethical standards in various roles. One of these principles is integrity. The principle of integrity allows psychologists to promote accuracy, truthfulness, and honesty in psychology in general. Integrity is an individual trait that enables psychologists to be upright in their character. Integrity, as defined in the American Psychological Association, guides psychologists not to engage in activities that involve fraud, acts of cheating, and intentional misinterpretation of facts. By applying this principle, psychologists can stick to their ethical values and avoid unclear commitments. Also, psychologists need to own up to their mistakes in case of any misconduct and take responsibility.
As a guide to psychologists, the purpose of integrity is to enable them to behave ethically in the roles they are given. First of all, integrity allows psychologists to find means of promoting the accuracy of facts. For example, psychologists take reasonable steps in ensuring that their reports are accurate. They ensure that the research conducted and their findings are valid. Psychologists also ensure the identity of service providers are accurately provided. When it comes to teaching, psychologists take reasonable steps in ensuring the information provided in the course syllabi is accurate. Accuracy of facts and information provided as part of the subject matter enables students to fulfill course requirements. Integrity is also important because it allows psychologists to provide accurate information concerning their research proposals according to the approved research protocol.
Integrity promotes truthfulness among psychologists. In research, psychologists are discouraged from conducting research that involves deception. They are also expected no to deceive any prospective participant taking part in their research. Duplication of data is also avoided by psychologists who are keen to follow the general principle of integrity. They avoid publishing any data that has been published as their original data. It is considered an offense and can lead to severe consequences.
Honesty is another important aspect of the principle of integrity. Psychologists do not engage in any form of false or deceptive statements (PSYCHOLOGISTS, 2016). Fabricating data goes against the principle of integrity and the American Psychological Association’s ethical codes of conduct as a whole. Integrity also plays an important role in enabling psychologists to avoid plagiarism at all costs. Psychologists are discouraged from presenting work that is not their own as their original work.
However, some psychologists may find themselves in situations where they behave unethically and show no integrity signs. In such a case, the psychologist violates the rule of conduct described by the American Psychological Association Ethics Code. An ethical dilemma arises when two values found in the ethical principles are in a conflict situation. In one scenario, a psychologist may disclose confidential information to another party over the individual’s safety that might be affected directly through the disclosure of such information. Here the psychologist chooses safety over confidentiality. Another psychologist would respond ethically in the same dilemma by weighing both values and keeping both in mind before deciding. As much as the situation proves to be challenging, the most ethical psychologist would wait for the dilemma to unfold before deciding that might affect the other party.
References
PSYCHOLOGISTS, O. (2016). ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGISTS AND CODE OF CONDUCT.
Responses- Toxic Products of Combustion
Responses- Toxic Products of Combustion
Name
Institution of Affiliation
Course
Date
BRANDON
I agree with Brandon’s response on the toxic combustion products. Carbon monoxide is hazardous to an individual’s health and results from house fires and fumes from vehicles. The gas displaces oxygen from the vital organs and can cause suffocation and unconsciousness. Hydrogen cyanide’s leading cause is smoke, and side effects are paired with body weakness, drowsiness, and sometimes unconsciousness but mainly trigger respiratory failure. The effects impair the body’s normal functioning, hindering the escape of fire occupants and efforts of firefighters in efforts to put out the fire. Hydrogen chloride irritates the throat when released in small amounts and compromises respiratory health when released in large quantities. Large amounts of hydrogen chloride cause irritability on the exposed victim’s body parts which endangers their health.
NICK
Nick provided examples of heat transfer through various modes, including the air conditioner guided by the convection current where warm air, which is less dense than cold air, rises and is drawn back to the air conditioner, causing the cool down effect. Conducting heat through fingers is a safety measure too. Granite surfaces offer aesthetic value; however, people should ensure proper ventilation in their households due to their release of harmful radioactive gases. Nick emphasized the importance of safety while handling heating sources. They can easily cause fire, and it’s essential to keep them away from flammable items, ensure their air filters are clean, and most importantly, the appliances are in good condition. Heat travels differently due to the type of materials and structures involved. Steel and copper are good conductors, whereas fiberglass batts and rigid foams have got low conductivity.
Three modes of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the movement of heat from a solid item to another. Convection involves the transfer of gases in gaseous form, and radiation is the movement of heat in space using mediums such as electromagnets. Therefore I agree with Nick on the examples of heat transfer.
References
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. (n.d.). https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/carbonmonoxide-factsheet.pdf
Hydrogen Cyanide: New Concerns for Firefighting and Medical Tactics. (2009, June 29). Fire Engineering. https://www.fireengineering.com/firefighting/hydrogen-cyanide-new-concerns-for-firefighting-and-medical-tactics/#gref
(2021). Iafss.org. https://www.iafss.org/publications/fss/9/665/view#:~:text=Hydrogen%20chloride%20(HCl)%20gas%20is
American Progressivism
ARTICLE REVIEW OF AMERICAN PROGRESSIVISM
Name
Institutional Affiliation
American Progressivism
Rodgers, D. T. (1998). Atlantic crossings. Harvard University Press.
Rodgers T. Daniel, an American historian currently, an emeritus professor at Princeton University, wrote the article, “American Progressivism in the Wider Atlantic World” in 1998.
Trade and capitalism were the two main activities that held the North Atlantic people together. As historical forces started to act on the US and other North Atlantic nations, the people had to embrace a new technique that could stabilize the region’s economy like Europe. These developments led to the emergence of social politics and social economy buildings. Rodgers (1998) argues that social politics determines the political ideologies and movements that act and shape a country rather than a continent. Despite its overwhelming challenges and confusion issues, social politics is quite pivotal in generating solutions.
European nations pioneered social politics and the economy, for instance, the French with the Eiffel Tower, Italians with cooperative savings banks, Belgians with low-cost housing, and Germans in the military (Rodgers, 1998). All these countries experienced the same themes, such as scramble for a place, passing of legislation from one nation to another, and party systems. The US scrambled to have a place in the global social economy by copying what European nations did. It created a social exhibit using the Greco-Roman architectural borrowings with its interiors filled with American-made material such as newspapers and stenographers. Later on, in the late nineteenth century, the Atlantic economy wanted a uniform Atlantic-wide socio-political system that could draw in all countries.
Rodgers (1998) has well addressed the social politics and economy of the US. He has first compared the Atlantic region with Europe, where European countries had an established socio-political economy. The writer’s ideologies cosign with the Rodgers (1998) on America’s efforts to develop a socio-economy building. Since the country wanted a global recognition, it had to borrow designs from other developed nations and localize it bringing it out as an American exhibit.
To sum it up, the US copied a lot of socio-political economy doings from its European counterparts. To create a social exhibit, the US had to use other countries’ designs but keep the products local. The country also copied the party system and legislation as an effort to stabilize the outpost nation’s economy. The article has provided a lot of information crucial in establishing the historical advancement of the US and the general Atlantic region, which can provide a basis for further research on history about the US and the Atlantic region.