Recent orders
Discuss the nature of Brahman and Atman
Discuss the nature of Brahman and Atman
The nature of Brahman and Atman is a concept in Hinduism that refers to the soul. Atman refers to the soul of living things that is eternally pure and found in both plants and animals. The Atman is precisely an untouchable, omnipresent, spiritual form that forms the soul and human existence. Brahman, on the other hand, represents the soul of the universe that is the foundation of life that is eternal. The nature of Atman presents the soul as the eternal aspect or the immortal aspect while the Brahman is the source of life that comes from the universe which is also presented as the soul of the world. The phrase, Atman is Brahman, indicates that the soul of a person is essentially connected to the soul of the world.
Brahman and Atman are related in certain overlying respects. Brahman presents the original spirit that gives life to the universe and all living things found in the universe. The Atman is the fragmented section of Brahman that became incorporated and sealed into our body. Hinduism defines these two concepts and seeks to unite the Atman to the Brahman so that the soul can be at peace with the universe. This means that the human soul is pure even if there are some sins such as stealing that divides the soul from the real eternal world soul. The soul has to be purified so that it becomes non-stealing and ensure sensual temperance. The spiritual process of re-uniting the soul to the universe in Hinduism is referred to as Moksha.
The true nature of the Brahman and Atman is hidden from our eyes so that we may seek redemption and endeavor to live moral lives in according to the Hindu teachings. Salvation, meditation and advanced intellectual applications are the sure way to unravel the hidden true nature of the Brahman and Atman.
Maya is a theory that defies explanations or, in simple terms, it is a phenomenon. Maya highlights a fantastic situation that bonds the universe with the soul and is neither real nor unreal. Maya essentially depicts an unnatural state that cannot be expressed or explained. There are several phenomena that can be described as Maya since they do not have any logical explanation. The origin is a good example of Maya as man has tried for many centuries to find a definite explanation to the origin of death without any success.
Mahavakyas are statements that significantly reflect on reality. One of these notions is ‘Thou art that’ which implies the only one that has no other. This Mahavakya is known as Tat since it existed prior to and after creation, has neither form nor name, and is pure-there does not exist any similar form.
‘This self is Brahman’, is another notable Mahavakya. This notion implies the internal aspect of our body. This Mahavakya is expressed as ‘thisness’ to illuminate the deeper parts of our bodies and soul. Our ego is studied in this situation to portray our inner potential that may form our characters. Thisness is a Brahman because it portrays a phenomenon beyond our control and knowledge. Hinduism incorporates the nature of Brahman and Atman to teach about the important connection between the soul and the universe.
Discuss the global strategic planning process.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Name
Institution
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
1. Discuss the global strategic planning process.
The global strategic process applies to the ability of an organization to apply replicable and systematic methodology to the unique challenges they are facing. The challenges that an organization are facing need some strategic services to tackle the issues. The issues are identified, formulated, and executed in an actionable road map. The challenges that face an organization can be worked on by use of complete and robust solutions. This requires the use of developed environment mapping, customer and partner needs, industry trending, and a strategic methodology. The value of strategic planning process can be to the organization, suppliers, customers, and partners. The application of a communicable and systematic, strategic plan and focusing on the process can help the organization, to succeed in an increasing global viable environment.
The value of the strategic planning process can be felt in the strategic and tactical levels of an organization. In addition, the process can help the organization to benefit from the implementation of the systematic, strategic process. The organization can, thus, be driven to succeed in the developing and developed countries in the world. The strategic process can include developing a global network and collaboration with other companies (Musso, 2009). This can drive a firm to a level of joint business strategy planning process.
The global strategy should be formulated and implemented successfully for the smooth running of the organization. This will help in the correct interpretation of opinions that revolve around risks, cost, development, and speed of the market. Organizations need to follow the right processes in order to have sufficient forecasts and information on the global strategy. An audit should be taken by an organization so as to leverage on how to add value to the global market. These can include the understanding of customer needs, the intangible and tangible assets in the organization, and what other competitors are doing. Thereafter, a global strategic planning process can be developed. The execution and development of the strategy needs the development of global leaders.
2. What are the types of information that an international company needs to have reported to it by its units around the world and why is each type important for the IC and its control efforts?
An international company needs to have some information so as to report their units across the world. The information of the organization is their central resource. The information makes it possible for companies to function properly. The information can include the strategic assets and business records of operation. In addition, the competitive values, fiscal, economic, and risk management information are significant for operation. This information needs effective procedures and policies for systematic understanding and control of the recorded information. The information on the company should be easily understandable and to retrieve.
The information of the firms should be easily stored, created, retrieved, and used by the business and government. The use of information calls for use of information technologies as the business environment is volatile. The information should be up dated if possible daily for every unit of the organization. The records play a significant role in the operation of the organization. The information is also a resource feature for organizations operation just like employees. This is because most of the businesses focus on information related activities. The records and information management need some systematic application as the information can be used in the business of the organization. The records can include transactions which at times are needed as evidence for business.
3. This chapter discusses building a corporate global mindset. What can you do to build an individual global mindset?
The building of a corporate, global mindset needs effective leadership. This is because of uncertainty and volatility of the business. This calls for responsibility from the managers of organizations. The firms have increased mixture of young and old workers; there is urbanization and population growth. These events have continued to transform the global workforce. In addition, social learning and technology are forces that shape organizations. The global world is interconnected with the economic uncertainties. The transformation calls for global mindset of leaders who are humane, team oriented, performance oriented, participative, self protective, ad autonomous.
The global mind set leaders should have desirable characteristics like; decisive, encouraging, trustworthy, and communicative. These traits are culturally contingent and needs leaders who are risk takers, enthusiastic, micromanagers, and logical. The shifts in the world require new global leaders that can help organizations to navigate the change and complexities. The leaders must be helped in performing their tasks and equipped them with traits that can help them in the future too. Collaboration with other disciplines is needed to create strong leadership models. In addition, training should be done to equip the leaders to cope with the new challenges. The mindset needed is for everyone to step up as a global leader. This needs shifts in becoming proficient at running paradoxes, mounting multicultural success, enlightening the element of human experience, and appreciating personality uniqueness in the perspective of cultural difference.
4. Discuss the use of market indicators.
The performance conversations method is designed to provide feedback, not appraisal. This approach provides real time information that the employee can use to make adjustments to their work so that fewer corrections are necessary
Market indicators can be used to analyze, identify, and process the required public information for most favorable investment decisions (Holt & Seki, 2012). Most of the market participants depend on the macroeconomic indicators like; CPI, GDP growth, non-farm payrolls, and housing start to form a top-down asset allocation strategy. In addition, the market data are also used in developing the investment theses. The market indicators have technical indicators that have data points with a formula. The formula can be applied to the data price of multiple securities that are in the market. The market indicators are charted by use of their own ticker symbols.
The forex market can also be used as a market indicator. Trading in the market is good, but, often risky. The use of charts and indicators can be used to build the trading systems. These are significant elements for businesses across the globe. They can take the advantage of the available tools so as to have better winning trades. The market indicators can include; the direction Financial Bear 3X Shares ETF (FAZ) and Direction Financial Bull 3X Shares ETF (FAS). These models are easy to track. The indictors should be mastered to have broadened trading horizons. In addition, $UVOL/$DVOL action and $TRIN can be used as market indicators. Others are; advance decline line, bullish percent index, and advance decline volume line, McClellan Oscillator, among others.
5. What is the value of government-sponsored trade missions and trade fairs?
The government trade fairs and trade missions help in promoting businesses and industries globally. They help in raising awareness, identifying industries, enhancing technology, coordinating, exploring opportunities, and influencing other governments to invest. The trade fairs are used in representing the international and national organizations. This helps in the promotion of the commercial interests of the organizations internationally. In addition, they provide regulations that need to be implemented with organizations. The fairs create and stimulate positive atmospheres for organizations to do business.
The government missions and fairs help organizations have administrators and regulators at the international and national levels. This provides an opportunity for opinions and an environment for creations of investment and operations of varied cultures. In addition, links are provided through strengthening of membership bodies in the trade blocks. These fairs reduce the cost of doing research and participation in the market for firms. Furthermore, the fairs and missions help in stimulating the technology between countries and industries. This is done by the promotion of products and services of the organizations at the fairs. The result is to break into novel export markets and saving marketing and exhibition costs.
6. Although air freight rates are usually higher than ocean freight rates, air freight may be less costly for a firm. Explain why this statement is correct or incorrect.
The freight rates are significant for a firm as they are used to get products to customers. The order cycle is crucial in completing the business overseas. The documentation involved in the business is expensive as consignments should reach the destination in time. The delay can cause payments to rise disproportionally. This is what makes the air freight less costly for a firm. The ocean freight has the advantage of sending large volumes of merchandise at lower prices compared to air freight. However, the long transit time of the ocean freight is a drawback.
The ocean freight is also used as an alternative of the air freight. This is because they do not need a lot of documentation as the air freights. The payment of the air freight bills are easier compared to the ocean freights. The choice of the freight depends on a firms business experience, financial stability, reputation of the companies, commitment to technology, management strength and depth. In addition, the growth potential, continuous improvement of programs, ethics and security are considered.
References
Holt, K. & Seki, K. (2012, May 7). Global Leadership Begins With Learning Professionals. A standard organization magazine. Retrieved from HYPERLINK “http://www.astd.org/Global-Leadership-” http://www.astd.org/Global-Leadership-Begins-with-Learning-Professionals
Musso, Z. (2009, March 6). How To Use Three market Indicators with Acuity. Daily Darkets. Retrieved from HYPERLINK “http://www.dailymarkets.com/how-to-use-three-market-indicators-with-” http://www.dailymarkets.com/how-to-use-three-market-indicators-with-acuity/
DISCUSS THE FOUR ROLES OF AN TELLIGENCE OFFICER
KENYA INSTITUTE OF STUDIES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE
COURSE: DIPLOMA IN INTELLIGENCE MANAGEMENT
MODULE: INTELLIGENCE
QUESTION: DISCUSS THE FOUR ROLES OF AN TELLIGENCE OFFICER. (40 MARKS)
STUDENT: DAVID MBUGUA KIHIU
SUPERVISOR: OTENDE PAUL
SUBMISSION DATE: 20TH DECEMBER 2014
Table of Contents
TOC o “1-3” h z u HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630096” Introduction PAGEREF _Toc402630096 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630097” 1.Roles of an Intelligence Officer PAGEREF _Toc402630097 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630098” 2.1 Signals Intelligence PAGEREF _Toc402630098 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630099” 2.2 Adviser PAGEREF _Toc402630099 h 2
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630100” 2.3 Intelligence Data Collection Role PAGEREF _Toc402630100 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630101” 2.4 Coordinate Intelligence Activities PAGEREF _Toc402630101 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630102” 2.5Analyst of Security Data PAGEREF _Toc402630102 h 3
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630103” 2.6 Intelligence Product Planning PAGEREF _Toc402630103 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630104” 2.7 Development of Intelligence Personnel PAGEREF _Toc402630104 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630105” 2.8 Coordination of Intelligence Support PAGEREF _Toc402630105 h 4
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630106” 2.9 Other role of the Intelligence Officers PAGEREF _Toc402630106 h 5
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630107” 2.9.1 Coordinating and Presenting Intelligence Briefs PAGEREF _Toc402630107 h 5
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630108” 2.9.2 Deploy with Squadrons PAGEREF _Toc402630108 h 5
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630109” 2.9.3 Operate as Strategic and Operational Officers PAGEREF _Toc402630109 h 5
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630110” Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc402630110 h 6
HYPERLINK l “_Toc402630111” References PAGEREF _Toc402630111 h 7
IntroductionAs an Intelligence Officer your focus will be gathering, delivering and utilizing intelligence. These are fascinating and unique roles. Whether working with government departments to identify the intelligence requirements, overseeing a targeting effort to develop an operation to gather the intelligence, meeting the agents overseas with access to the intelligence, or reporting the intelligence back to senior government officials you will be at the forefront of keeping this country safe and secure. An intelligence officer in the Police offers operational planners and front-line commanders insight into an adversary’s plans (Bogdanowicz, Scapolo, Leijten & Burgelman, 2001). Whether an intelligence officer is in the Army, Navy, Air Force or the police, duties are similar and specialties fall into one of several areas. An intelligence officer must have a specialized training, be a Kenyan citizen or any other from the world and must meet the same physical standards as other officers. Police intelligence was a factor in historical wars, but not the weapon it is today. Since the earliest days of war and battle, commanders would send out others to be their eyes and ears to gain intelligence. Whether these methods used forces were individual spies, specialized reconnaissance forces or the questioning of an explorer and his knowledge of the local populace and area, the commander he needed to learn what the enemy was thinking, his size, location, weakness and terrain. This intelligence gained had to be weighed against how recent it was and how fast he could react to it. House defines Police intelligence as “concerned primarily with the armed forces of the enemy or potential enemy powers, but also includes analysis of the terrain, weather, industrial production, weapons development, local diseases, and many other factors that affect Police operations quite as much as the enemy force in the field.
Roles of an Intelligence OfficerSignals IntelligenceAn intelligence officer who specializes in imagery intelligence relies on remote-sensing equipment, such as cameras on manned aircraft, drones and stationary installations. The officer then delivers information on targets, troop and equipment movements and changes in installations to decision-makers. Signals intelligence officers specialize in collecting information from an adversary’s own communications. They also specialize in electronic warfare.
Adviser
The intelligence officer working in all-source intelligence gathers and manages the distribution of intelligence information. Part of the job includes overall analysis and advice to senior Police and civilian officials as well as combat commanders. The all-source intelligence aviator flies special electronic-mission aircraft missions (Gentry, 2010).
Intelligence Data Collection RoleSome intelligence officers specialize in collecting data through human resources, such as the information provided by Police intelligence specialists, Kenyan personnel formerly held by adversaries or indigenous people who have knowledge of an adversary’s operations. The human intelligence officer also deals with information acquired from captured adversaries through interviews and investigations. Counterintelligence officers gather information and conduct operations to prevent espionage, sabotage, and assassinations by adversaries of Kenya.
Coordinate Intelligence ActivitiesAll intelligence officers coordinate intelligence activities among the personnel under their command. They use this information to determine risks related to potential command decisions. They use the intelligence gathered through their specialty to resolve threats presented by an adversary and to provide operational commanders with a reduced risk of uncertainty.
Analyst of Security DataAs an Intelligence Officer, you will be employed to decipher and analyze a wide variety of information that will help inform the decision making process that underpins Modern Air Operations. This will include a variety of techniques that include planning, analyzing, evaluating and fusing information in the context of the operation or activity you are supporting. Ultimately, the result of an Intelligence Officers’ assessment helps to ensure the safety and security of our people and the operations we are conducting at home and overseas.
Intelligence Product PlanningIn the broader Intelligence Officer role, you will be involved in functions such as the production of all-source intelligence product planning support activities associated with Air Operations creation, the review, and amendment of intelligence policy, management of the intelligence specialization and trade development of specialist intelligence capabilities.
Development of Intelligence PersonnelThey are also to be involved in the management and development of intelligence personnel, development, and support of Kenyan Police and Kenya Defense Forces Electronic Warfare capability, mission planning, managing projects and security and the management of intelligence processes and outputs.
Coordination of Intelligence Support
All Intelligence Officers will be deployed on operations, supporting the aircrew team and holding responsibility for coordinating and delivering critical intelligence support to the operation. This will include application of analytical thinking; analysis, preparation, co-ordination and implementation of intelligence functions associated with the conduct of land and Air Operations. The officers need a high degree of computer literacy; utilizing a variety of computer based systems and applications. This will include web-based applications as well as digital data libraries, applications and tools. Technology and learning are staple aspects of your job with constant challenges only another mission away (Herrnstein & Murray, 2010).
The officers frequently work in a secure environment with a close-knit, highly motivated team who are very mission focused. As an intelligence officer in Kenya one has to be always ready to respond, with Intelligence support being a 24 hour job, you may deploy at short notice and operate in various locations throughout the world. The prospect of shift work can add flexibility to your personal pursuits, but remains a reality of the job.
2.9 Other role of the Intelligence Officers
Coordinating and Presenting Intelligence BriefsIntelligence officers can be employed on an Operational Squadron preparing, coordinating and presenting intelligence briefs, conducting debriefs and providing advice to Squadron members and commanders. This will involve liaising with various stakeholders and ensuring effective intelligence support is implemented to support the mission. The development, co-ordination and delivery of intelligence products to your assigned Squadron and supporting the various air and land related activities relevant to Kenyan interests. They analyze intelligence received from various sources and interpret the significance of this data to Police and police operations.
Deploy with SquadronsAll Intelligence Officers will have the opportunity to deploy with squadrons on exercises or operations. The officer will spend time in other countries and experience a diversity of cultures and conditions as you support the activities of the Squadron you are deployed with. The duties on deployment draw on your training and have you working alongside aircrew and other intelligence staff (Obama, 2010).
Operate as Strategic and Operational Officers
Intelligence Officers operate across the strategic, operational, and tactical environments. At all rank levels you will interact with members of other squadrons, especially aircrew trades and specializations, as well as with members of the Army, Navy, Police and wider Government Agencies.
Conclusion
Criminal intelligence officers provide the information necessary to create and implement a strategy, and to develop policy and long-term plans to combat evolving crime trends. An intelligence-led policing model serves as a guide to operations and is more likely to succeed if timely strategic reports are available for the clients during their operational planning and there is an established organizational commitment to using them. In conclusion, in this essay I have shown that the absence lack of a permanent mandated Police intelligence institution with a defined mission statement was a considerable limitation to the provision of support for British Police operations in the pre-1914 period. I have looked primarily at the Crimean and Boer Wars and in both cases major setbacks were suffered initially due to intelligence failures at the strategic, operational and tactical levels. However once field intelligence structures were set up, adequately staffed and functioning, the situation improved and they were actually quite successful in providing order of battle intelligence which benefited Police operations. The reasons for the delay in identifying the need for an intelligence organisation are described by the various commentators as ‘prejudice’ against or a ‘lack of confidence’ in the intelligence functions primarily by the British Police command. The first can perhaps best be explained by the Victorian mindset on appropriate conduct for an officer and a gentleman; the second is more difficult to explain. The lack of confidence could be due to a tendency to focus on intelligence failures rather than its successes. Police Intelligence is a process not an exact science – information has to be collected, collated, corroborated, evaluated, then decisions made and orders issued. All of which took time when time was of the essence; an early version of the intelligence cycle.
ReferencesBogdanowicz, M., Scapolo, F., Leijten, J., & Burgelman, J. C. (2001).Scenarios for ambient intelligence in 2010 (pp. 3-8). Office for official publications of the European Communities.
Gentry, J. A. (2010). Intelligence learning and adaptation: lessons from counterinsurgency wars. Intelligence and National Security, 25(1), 50-75.
Herrnstein, R. J., & Murray, C. (2010). Bell curve: Intelligence and class structure in American life. Simon and Schuster.
Obama, B. (2010). National Security Strategy of the United States (2010). DIANE Publishing.