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Hanushek, Eric A. The single salary schedule and other issues of teacher pay. Peabody Journal of Education 82.4 (2007) 574-58
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Date: Hanushek, Eric A. “The single salary schedule and other issues of teacher pay.” Peabody Journal of Education 82.4 (2007): 574-586.
The article talks about the quality of work done by the teachers to ensure that students are well educated. However, the single salary schedule is the big problem, where it talks about ow teachers get paid the same amount regardless of the quality of service given. The source is about how there are tighter entry requirements for Math and science teachers but the pay remains the same. The source will be used in the article to relate on the issues that the teachers face and their pay. Teachers unfair pay is linked to why we have less teachers in the science and math department in the country.
Britton, Jack, and Carol Propper. “Teacher pay and school productivity: Exploiting wage regulation.” Journal of Public Economics 133 (2016): 75-89.
Briton and jack discuss about the effects of teachers pay on school productivity. The work is written after a thorough research in over 3000 schools and 200000 teachers who gave their views on how they tend to work as per the amount paid by the institution on the government. When the wage paid is below the market rates, schools are highly affected and poor performance is the end result. The authors are for the idea that there is a great difference if teachers are going to be paid well according to their output. Low pay results in low quality education whereas a higher pay makes the teachers to work harder to see the success of the student.
Hanushek, Eric A. “School human capital and teacher salary policies.” Journal of Professional Capital and Community 1.1 (2016): 23-40.
School human capital and teachers’ salary policies gives a review on salaries paid to teachers and the terms under which they are paid. The paper considers the relationship between the level and structure of teachers pay and how they can impact outcomes. Hanushek concludes form the finding that the policies on teachers’ salaries are rigid to an extent that an institution cannot increase pay for effective teachers without increasing pay for ineffective teachers. To deal with unproductivity in teaching, the pay structures, terms and policies must be revised.
Niall McCarthy “Where U.S. Teacher Pay Is Highest & Lowest [Infographic]” Forbes magazine. March 8 2018. https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2018/05/09/where-u-s-teacher-pay-is-highest-lowest-infographic/#5488574e2eabThis is statics carried out by Forbes and Niall which gives a summary of pay in the U.S regions. Pay is not the same in all the places, some places pay high, some low and some moderate. There is massive disparity in teachers’ salaries across the us. Alaska is ranked the highest in paying teachers while Oklahoma has poor salaries and is ranked last in terms of salary levels. Due to the low wages Oklahoma has seen teachers strikes and poor student performances. Some States have cases where pay is different by over $25000 per year. California and Arizona good examples of such cases where those teaching high school are paid an of $77,390 and $48,050 respectively.
Lazear, Edward P. “Performance pay and productivity.” American Economic Review 90.5 (2000): 1346-1361.
This article gives a review on performance and the relationship with pay. Lazear suggest that compensation and allowances as part of payment has a greater impact on productivity. Also extrinsic and intrinsic values given to teachers motivates them to become more productive in teaching and other school curriculum activities. A new data set for the Safelite Glass Corporation tests the predictions that average productivity will rise, the school will attract highly qualified teachers, and variance in output across individuals at the institution will increase when they shift to paying according to performance.
Lavy, Victor. “Teachers’ Pay for Performance in the Long-Run: The Dynamic Pattern of Treatment Effects on Students’ Educational and Labor Market Outcomes in Adulthood.” NBER Working Paper No 20983 (2016).
Lavy Victor helps us understand that teachers in Italy are less valued whereas the United states is among the top 21 countries who value teachers. Despite the low pay in Italy, students do not respect their teachers so does the general community in Italy. Unlike other profession, may shy off from being teachers because of the less respect and pay that is given to the teachers. Brazil also shows similar trend as well as Israel and majority of countries in Africa. He gives an example of a case where teachers went on a strike for three months in Kenya but the government was reluctant to increase their pay.
Sources
Britton, Jack, and Carol Propper. “Teacher pay and school productivity: Exploiting wage regulation.” Journal of Public Economics 133 (2016): 75-89.
Hanushek, Eric A. “School human capital and teacher salary policies.” Journal of Professional Capital and Community 1.1 (2016): 23-40.
Hanushek, Eric A. “The single salary schedule and other issues of teacher pay.” Peabody Journal of Education 82.4 (2007): 574-586.
Lavy, Victor. “Teachers’ Pay for Performance in the Long-Run: The Dynamic Pattern of Treatment Effects on Students’ Educational and Labor Market Outcomes in Adulthood.” NBER Working Paper No 20983 (2016).
Lazear, Edward P. “Performance pay and productivity.” American Economic Review 90.5 (2000): 1346-1361.
Niall McCarthy “Where U.S. Teacher Pay Is Highest & Lowest [Infographic]” Forbes magazine. March 8 2018. https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2018/05/09/where-u-s-teacher-pay-is-highest-lowest-infographic/#5488574e2eab
Amazon Fresh Taking Over Other Grocery Stores
Amazon Fresh Taking Over Other Grocery Stores
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Amazon Fresh Taking Over Other Grocery Stores
Amazon has had a lot of success in most of its endeavors from the time it started selling books until now when they are introducing amazon fresh. This new sector of amazon is estimated to be successful since from the reviews like Dunnhumby’s Retail Preference Index (RPI), it is at the top of the best grocery providers and this puts the other stores and suppliers at risk. This is a very difficult situation for the people who had existed before in the grocery field. Even though amazon fresh is unable to take them out completely it is possible that it will make them lose a lot of customers with their plan of opening 28 branches across the nation. This paper discusses the possibility of amazon being successful in the grocery industry as well as approximation of its online and offline share of the market in the next 10 years.
There is a very high possibility that amazon will be successful in this field of grocery since it has been successful in general merchandise and books and almost in every other field which they have been engaged into. Amazon has the advantage of capital as well as technology which makes it safe for customers to purchase their products and this is an added advantage which other sellers in the sector may not have the ability to gain as soon as possible (Backman, 2021). Therefore, with the technology like Alexa, it becomes very easier for customers to purchase products in the stores. For instance, when a customer goes into the store Alexa offers guidance on the best way to shop as well as the location of the different types of foods and fresh products within the store. Through this customer shop faster and save time instead of going around looking for what they want which happen in most of the groceries.
The other good thing about using amazon fresh stores is that they have labelled and easily to pay goods. For instance, all products in the store can be paid for in a cashless manner. This makes it very easy for the customers and in fact most customers would enjoy contactless transactions during the corona period or even for the sake of cleanliness and ease to avoid such things like germs or even corona.
The other reason why amazon fresh is likely to be successful is the fact that even the grocery can be delivered to the customers at their doors for a maximum of 2 hours of waiting. This means that if a person is willing to have some groceries in their food for supper they just need to order in time and the products are delivered to their doorstep (Abasto, 2021). This is a great move and one of the smartest ways that amazon will likely get most if not all customers near the vicinity of the stores to buy from them. Grocery has not always been delivered but with amazon things are changing and people love easy things therefore it will be easy to pass the other stores in this area.
The last thing which makes amazon a very great store for customers to buy their products from is the fact that they have a wide variety of products. For instance, they have high quality produce, sea food and meat. They also have packed foods which are high quality and fresh as well as cooked and packed foods (Abasto, 2021). This beats the other stores almost at every corner and therefore the reason why they are likely to dominate the market in the next 10 years.
In conclusion, amazon fresh is a very good part of grocery shopping. Eve though it is likely to put other stores out of the market the customers will be satisfied and it will be a good step for grocery shopping.
References
Abasto. (2021, March 12). Amazon Fresh Plans Major Expansion With 28 New Grocery Stores. Abasto. https://abasto.com/en/news/amazon-fresh-plans-major-expansion-with-28-new-grocery-stores/Backman, M. (2021). What Does Amazon’s Stealth Grocery Expansion Mean for Real Estate Investors? Millionacres. Retrieved November 10, 2021, from https://www.millionacres.com/real-estate-investing/articles/what-does-amazons-stealth-grocery-expansion-mean-for-real-estate-investors/#:~:text=But%20in%20addition%20to%20Whole%20Foods%2C%20Amazon%20has
Discrimination in China
Discrimination in China
Growth and development in various communities, is hindered by the issue of discrimination. Many leaders often discourage and talk about it, but the problem is that it is not practical rather a debate, which is theoretical. The most common forms of discrimination are through economic status, tribe and race. The latter are different from the current existing forms of discrimination. It is usually not easy to notice discrimination because lately, the dimension it has taken is completely different. To make matters worse, this form of discrimination is often highlighted and seen in various different areas (Hyde, 2005).
This paper seeks to give an analysis on gender discrimination in China; the reason why it is considered a problem and how it can be solved.
The issue of discrimination in China
Gender discrimination is most times associated with women and this is not an exception to China. This is a problem that has been taking place for a long time. The world’s largest population is found in China, and women are half of this population. This means that the development and economy of China depends heavily on them. Also, there is a need to ensure that gender equality exists. For a long time, women were not awarded the respect and privilege they deserved in society. In turn, they were discriminated in many ways by their male counter parts. On the other hand, men have enjoyed their lives, as nothing seems to prevent them from developing. An example of discrimination against women in China is when a young woman, who gave birth was fired from her job. The reason for being sacked was because it had been claimed that she had violated her employer’s policy concerning pregnancy (Hyde, 2005). To make matters worse, there is a Chinese policy whereby, women are meant to give birth to only one child. The case went to court and favor on her side whereby, she could not be fired on the grounds presented. China is making progress in an attempt to outlaw gender discrimination.
Most women in China were poor and uneducated, while the men went to school and took care of their families. Up to today, discrimination against Chinese women takes place even in the United States. Recently I witnessed a case whereby, a Chinese man violently assaulted his wife. When people tried to stop him, he claimed that his actions were allowed in the culture of the Chinese people. The issue on gender discrimination should be known as its impact can greatly affect China immensely (Hyde, 2005).
The problem of gender discrimination has been addressed effectively by the government of China. Currently, the government is ensuring that gender equality exists. This is because it seeks to ensure that women are represented in sectors such as legal, economic and those, which are administrative. In the year 1995, in Beijing, there was a conference by the United Nations. It was meant to ensure that the world became involved in matters related to development and gender equality. Changes are being made in the legal system, so that it accommodates women. Social awareness is aimed at ensuring that all the populations in China are informed on the benefits of gender equality. In conclusion, the issue on gender discrimination needs to be addressed further, until a solution, which is permanent is found. It should be known that women have the same capabilities and rights as women (Hyde, 2005).
References
Hyde, J. (2005) .The Gender Similarities Hypothesis, American Psychologist, 60, 6, 581–592.