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Critiquing a Change Effort
Critiquing a Change Effort
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Critiquing a Change Effort
In order to promote efficient management of any given institution, the best approach entails coming up with strategies of managing organizational change. Change concepts generally involve innovation and introduction of something new into the organization. Therefore, organizational change focuses on improving the existing structures and involves activities that are aimed at strengthening and developing the organization efficiency and sustaining its subsistence (Battilana et al, 2010).
Recently my organization instituted a new health information system whose objective was to replace our old closed electronic health records with a new open health records system. This influenced my roles as a nurse by allowing me and other nurses to share and store relevant patients’ information at ease, share and reproduce information at the point of care, and ensure the care being provided adheres to the patients’ privacy and personal rights and HIPPA regulations (Grant et al, 2010). The rationale for this change was to replace the redundant closed system with an open system that allows sharing of ideas and pertinent data among caregivers (both internal and external). This modification would help nurses and other caregivers by making their work easier and in turn improve the provided healthcare outcomes by providing quality, patient centered, and evidenced based nursing care based on the stored information (Kumar, 2003). With the new system and its changes, the intended outcomes of promoting quality nursing care and eliminating issues of diagnostic errors have met, and at the moment, the issues of errors have significantly reduced by more than 75%. This is attributed to the mere fact that the new open system provides a detailed decision support system (DSS) that allows nurses and other caregivers to make decisions on matters exhibiting legal, ethical, and practice challenges during service delivery (Marquis & Huston, 2012).
The concepts of change management adopted are very credible and pertinent, and they are effective by the virtue of allowing the management to adopt a new techniques leading to new business hierarchies and inventive structures of addressing patient health needs through health information technology. Irrespective of the many advantages related with the new system, many personnel were reluctant to the changes (Battilana et al, 2010). The employees’ reluctance to accept the new changes could have been effectively handled by making the changes non-debatable or making it clear that change is not an alternative but a requirement. The process could have been improved by allowing the affected individuals to air their opinions and recommendations, making every individual responsible for his or her actions in regard to the change activity, and finally examining the success of implementation process at designed intervals (Kumar, 2003).
References
Battilana, J., Gilmartin, M., Sengul, M., Pache, A.-C., & Alexander, J. A. (2010). Leadership competencies for implementing planned organizational change. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 422–438.
Grant, B., Colello, S., Riehle, M., & Dende, D. (2010). An evaluation of the nursing practice environment and successful change management using the new generation Magnet Model. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(3), 326–331.
Kumar, A. (2003) .Change and Operations Management .New York: Cengage press.
Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2012). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Titus (Question 13) Tragedy or Dark Comedy what is comic about Titus
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Titus (Question 13) Tragedy or Dark Comedy: what is comic about Titus?
Titus Andronicus is one of Shakespeare’s plays dedicated to the theme of tragedy. Unlike other tragedies done by Shakespeare’s plays, Titus Andronicus is underrated taking a back stage in regard to the theme of tragedy. The story is based on the hatred of the Romans and the Goths who do not see eye to eye. Titus Andronicus is on the side of the Romans who have the upper hand due to the defeat of the Goths in the previous war (Smith, p. 316). He is seen as a hero by his Roman community making him one of the more significant persons in the community. Titus manages to get some captives who belong to the Goths. Amongst his captives are the queen, her lover and her three sons who are at the mercy of Titus. It is evident that Titus bears a considerable amount of hatred for the Goths due to the death of his sons. This brings out the vulnerability of Titus who is placed in a position of deep grief (Williamson, Person, Lawrence, Trudeau, and Stephen, p. 351).
How can it be difficult to distinguish between tragedy and comedy?
As stated earlier, the play is based on the war between two opposing sides. This creates provision of bloodshed due to the number of wars that are displayed in the book. One of the themes of the play is the quest for revenge. Most of the characters have lost loved ones due to the war. This motivates them to seek revenge on their enemies. This in turn, becomes the main cause of the gruesome murder, torture and hatred. These events clearly bring out the tragedies that all the characters experience at the hands of their enemies. Apart from the amount of cannibalism that is experienced in the play, the play portrays other forms of torture. This is seen in the rape of Lavinia’s which is preceded by her mutilation. These events clearly show the amount of tragedy that the members of both face as a result of the war. Despite this, the play is able to display an immense amount of satirist qualities. This is however, not the ordinary comedy that an audience is accustomed. The comedy is mostly dark in nature making it different from the traditional satire. Shakespeare incorporates comedy with violence making some of the situations laughable. One of the displays of dark humor in the play is seen when Aaron offers an exchange for one of Titus’s hands for his two sons. The fact that Aaron chooses to make light of this rather serious situation makes the audience diverge from the tragedy. Aaron has no problem asking for a piece of Titus’s body. This scenario is not a pleasant sight making the situation unrealistic (Taymor, Julie, Shakespeare. p, 236).
The story seeks to deflect from the moral standpoint which is often the priority in most of Shakespeare’s plays. Some of the scenarios cannot be imagined due to the level of pain that they entail. The author brings this out in the scene of Lavinia’s rape where a detailed description is given about the occurrence. The fact that there is no regard for the feelings of the audience creates the impression that anything goes (Holland, p. 254).
Why is the line sometimes so blurred?
The blend between tragedy and comedy is not strange to the world of literature. This characteristic creates a combination that gives the play a distinct theme. The two factors are completely opposite due to the qualities that both cases entail. Tragedy evokes sadness in an individual while comedy accounts for the opposite. When the two factors are merged, one begins to see the similarities between the two. This bridges the gap between the tragedy and comedy making them one and the same.
What are the funny moments in Lear, and what purpose do they serve?
King Lear is the king of burgundy and has three daughters who have the claim to his throne. In his quest to determine the inheritance of his daughters, he puts them to a test to find out who loves him the most. This act shows the kings witty character which is not ideal for a man of his position (Holland, p. 251). At this time, the fate of his kingdom is not determined due to the lack of a definite heir. King Lear has already divided his property amongst his three daughters although they have no idea. Despite this, he still uses his wit to figure out if he made the right choice. A more serious king would approach this situation with in a different manner. This makes the kings character unique in that the king makes personal the determination of an heir (Gordin, Gay and Glazer, p.164).
The king is known to through tantrums which are expected of a small brat. Shakespeare uses comedy to discredit the throne of the king. A king is a symbol of solidarity for the members of his community. King Lear’s choice to make his daughters contest against each other brings a division in the kingdom. His two elder daughters immediately notice the need to gain their fathers approval by telling him what he wants to hear. Cornelia on the other hand, expresses herself differently stating that she cannot express the love she has for the king through words. This makes the king overreact by disowning her and taking away her inheritance. King Lear clearly did not understand the intentions of his daughter. This showcases his naivety in that he did not understand the intensions of his daughter (Barber, p. 35).
King Lear’s character is different from Shakespeare’s other influential leaders. He uses his kingdom as a playground placing the lives of the society at risk. This is a significant part of his character which serves the purpose of the author whose aim is to remove the seriousness that comes with leadership (Downs, p. 245).
In conclusion, Tragedy is a defined by sadness, misery and suffering. Shakespeare manages to bring out tragedy through the events that take place in Titus Andronicus. One of the factors that make the play stand out is the incorporation of comedy in the theme. This is not the regular comedy that the audience knows. The comedy consists of selfish acts that remove the intended tragedy form the play. Combining both tragedy and satire gives the book a unique plot making the audience approach the story differently. King Lear is used in the play to disregard the traditional role of a king. He does not display the character traits that are expected of him in terms of leadership. This humor acts as one of the causes of the tragedy that befalls the kingdom making a connection between tragedy and comedy
Works cited
Downs, Robert B. Famous Books, Ancient and Medieval. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1965. Print.
Barber, C L. Shakespeare’s Comedy: A Study of Drama, Form and Its Relation to Society. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2011. Print.
Gordin, Jacob, Ruth Gay, and Sophie Glazer. The Jewish King Lear: A Comedy in America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007. Print.
Holland, Peter. King Lear and Its Afterlife. Cambridge [u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002. Print.
Smith, Emma. Shakespeare’s Comedies. Malden, Mass. [u.a.: Blackwell, 2004. Print.
Taymor, Julie, and William Shakespeare. Titus: The Illustrated Screenplay. New York: Newmarket Press, 2000. Print.
Williamson, Sandra L, James E. Person, Lawrence J. Trudeau, and Stephen B. Barnard. Shakespearean Criticism: Volume 11, William Shakespeare’s Plays and Poetry. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc, 2000. Print.
Critiques of Democracy
Critiques of Democracy
Democracy is defined in different breaths by different people. For some people, democracy means idealism, justice and liberty as well as the divine incarnations of the societal principle. Other people define it as political justification based on the foundation of idealism. Some people think that democracy has an uncertain value in the society. There are people who feel that democracy is unimportant to them. However, places with such kind of people who see no importance of democracy are rare. Democracy cannot be completely ignored anywhere in the world. It is very rare to find people ignoring the role democracy plays in the society (Lukacs, 2005).
Democracy has penetrated every part of the world and it is virtually in people’s thoughts everywhere. Democracy is a word defined by many sets of complex concepts existing in the multifarious human world. It is noted that people often assume that they know the meaning of democracy. However, people have never really bothered to inquire what democracy ought to mean to everyone, what it may mean to other people or what it actually means when put into practice (Kofmel, 2008). It is a word that many people around the world take for granted yet it plays an important role in the society at large. It is evident that different people hold different views when it comes to democracy. On the one hand, there are people who show interest in democracy and will always fight for the rights of other oppressed people. On the other hand, there are people who show no interest at all in wanting to know what democracy entails and how they can benefit from the fruits of democracy (Benoist, 2011).
Democracy can be recognized in two senses namely democracy as the cultural emphasis and democracy as a political system that has evolved through cultural trends (Mann, 2004).
Cultural Democracy
In cultural democracy, there is a key principle that any person irrespective of his or her birthright must be viewed as a person who is important, worthy and capable of achieving anything in the society. Such a person should therefore be accorded his or her democratic right to carry out his or her duties without any interference. Democratization would therefore mean giving people opportunity to access things which were previously difficult to access. People’s democracy should not be violated simply because of their cultural backgrounds. Everyone is entitled to his or her democratic space irrespective of cultural affiliations (Sunic, 2011).
Political Democracy
Political establishments worldwide have been created as a result of cultural sentiments. It is therefore clear that cultural democracy relates to political democracy in one way or another. Political democracy can therefore be better understood by understanding cultural democracy. They both advocate for openness, freedom, opportunity and even spite and jealousy in some occasions. The political democracy consists of a key principle, majority rule, which is expressed in elections to determine people fit to hold political office. It is also expressed directly in voting for or against political resolutions and laws of an organization or country. It is noted that people who seek individual freedom always rely on decisions made by the majority as a fundamental means of freedom. Political democracy should be surpassed when it is thought not to serve as the ideal means of freedom. Political democracy is used by political figures as a justification for their political power. They argue that political power has been vested in them by the majority of people voting them into political offices (Ludovici, 1921).
References
Benoist, A. (2011). The Problem of Democracy. New York: Arktos Media.
Kofmel, E. (2008). Anti-Democratic THought. Virginia: Imprint Academic.
Ludovici, A. (1921). The False Assumptions of Democracy. London: Heath Cranon Ltd.
Lukacs, J. (2005). Democracy and Populism: Fear and Hatred. Boston: Yale Universitiy Press.
Mann, M. (2004). The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sunic, T. (2011). Against Democracy and Equity: The European New Right. New York: Arktos Media Ltd.